A Novel and Practical Universal Adversarial Perturbations against Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Intrusion Detection Systems

Intrusion Detection Systems IDS play a vital role in defending modern cyber physical systems against increasingly sophisticated cyber threats. Deep Reinforcement Learning-based IDS, have shown promise due to their adaptive and generalization capabilities. However, recent studies reveal their...

Secure Low-Altitude Maritime Communications Via Intelligent Jamming

Low-altitude wireless networks LAWNs have emerged as a viable solution for maritime communications. In these maritime LAWNs, unmanned aerial vehicles UAVs serve as practical low-altitude platforms for wireless communications due to their flexibility and ease of deployment. However, the open and...

Black-Box Guardrail Reverse-Engineering Attack

Large language models LLMs increasingly employ guardrails to enforce ethical, legal, and application-specific constraints on their outputs. While effective at mitigating harmful responses, these guardrails introduce a new class of vulnerabilities by exposing observable decision patterns. In this...

A DRL-Empowered Multi-Level Jamming Approach for Secure Semantic Communication

Semantic communication SemCom aims to transmit only task-relevant information, thereby improving communication efficiency but also exposing semantic information to potential eavesdropping. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning DRL-empowered multi-level jamming approach to enhanc...

Secure Control of Connected and Autonomous Electrified Vehicles under Adversarial Cyber-Attacks

Connected and Autonomous Electrified Vehicles CAEV is the solution to the future smart mobility having benefits of efficient traffic flow and cleaner environmental impact. Although CAEV has advantages they are still susceptible to adversarial cyber attacks due to their autonomous electric operati...

Enhancing Security in Deep Reinforcement Learning: A Comprehensive Survey on Adversarial Attacks and Defenses

With the wide application of deep reinforcement learning DRL techniques in complex fields such as autonomous driving, intelligent manufacturing, and smart healthcare, how to improve its security and robustness in dynamic and changeable environments has become a core issue in current research...

CrossGuard: Safeguarding MLLMs against Joint-Modal Implicit Malicious Attacks

Multimodal Large Language Models MLLMs achieve strong reasoning and perception capabilities but are increasingly vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. While existing work focuses on explicit attacks, where malicious content resides in a single modality, recent studies reveal implicit attacks, in which...

Multimodal Safety Is Asymmetric: Cross-Modal Exploits Unlock Black-Box MLLMs Jailbreaks

Multimodal large language models MLLMs have demonstrated significant utility across diverse real-world applications. But MLLMs remain vulnerable to jailbreaks, where adversarial inputs can collapse their safety constraints and trigger unethical responses. In this work, we investigate jailbreaks i...

A Hard-Label Black-Box Evasion Attack against ML-Based Malicious Traffic Detection Systems

Machine Learning ML-based malicious traffic detection is a promising security paradigm. It outperforms rule-based traditional detection by identifying various advanced attacks. However, the robustness of these ML models is largely unexplored, thereby allowing attackers to craft adversarial traffi...

RoBCtrl: Attacking GNN-Based Social Bot Detectors Via Reinforced Manipulation of Bots Control Interaction

Social networks have become a crucial source of real-time information for individuals. The influence of social bots within these platforms has garnered considerable attention from researchers, leading to the development of numerous detection technologies. However, the vulnerability and robustness...

RLCracker: Exposing the Vulnerability of LLM Watermarks with Adaptive RL Attacks

Large Language Models LLMs watermarking has shown promise in detecting AI-generated content and mitigating misuse, with prior work claiming robustness against paraphrasing and text editing. In this paper, we argue that existing evaluations are not sufficiently adversarial, obscuring critical...

Bi-GRPO: Bidirectional Optimization for Jailbreak Backdoor Injection on LLMs

With the rapid advancement of large language models LLMs, their robustness against adversarial manipulations, particularly jailbreak backdoor attacks, has become critically important. Existing approaches to embedding jailbreak triggers--such as supervised fine-tuning SFT, model editing, and...

Temporal Logic-Based Multi-Vehicle Backdoor Attacks against Offline RL Agents in End-To-End Autonomous Driving

Assessing the safety of autonomous driving AD systems against security threats, particularly backdoor attacks, is a stepping stone for real-world deployment. However, existing works mainly focus on pixel-level triggers that are impractical to deploy in the real world. We address this gap by...

Automated Cyber Defense with Generalizable Graph-Based Reinforcement Learning Agents

Deep reinforcement learning RL is emerging as a viable strategy for automated cyber defense ACD. The traditional RL approach represents networks as a list of computers in various states of safety or threat. Unfortunately, these models are forced to overfit to specific network topologies, renderin...

DRMD: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Malware Detection under Concept Drift

Malware detection in real-world settings must deal with evolving threats, limited labeling budgets, and uncertain predictions. Traditional classifiers, without additional mechanisms, struggle to maintain performance under concept drift in malware domains, as their supervised learning formulation...

Attackers Strike Back? Not Anymore -- an Ensemble of RL Defenders Awakens for APT Detection

Advanced Persistent Threats APTs represent a growing menace to modern digital infrastructure. Unlike traditional cyberattacks, APTs are stealthy, adaptive, and long-lasting, often bypassing signature-based detection systems. This paper introduces a novel framework for APT detection that unites de...

Aura-CAPTCHA: a Reinforcement Learning and GAN-Enhanced Multi-Modal CAPTCHA System

Aura-CAPTCHA was developed as a multi-modal CAPTCHA system to address vulnerabilities in traditional methods that are increasingly bypassed by AI technologies, such as Optical Character Recognition OCR and adversarial image processing. The design integrated Generative Adversarial Networks GANs fo...

REFN: a Reinforcement-Learning-From-Network Framework against 1-Day/N-Day Exploitations

The exploitation of 1 day or n day vulnerabilities poses severe threats to networked devices due to massive deployment scales and delayed patching average Mean Time To Patch exceeds 60 days. Existing defenses, including host based patching and network based filtering, are inadequate due to limite...

Attacks and Defenses against LLM Fingerprinting

As large language models are increasingly deployed in sensitive environments, fingerprinting attacks pose significant privacy and security risks. We present a study of LLM fingerprinting from both offensive and defensive perspectives. Our attack methodology uses reinforcement learning to...

RL-MoE: an Image-Based Privacy Preserving Approach in Intelligent Transportation System

The proliferation of AI-powered cameras in Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS creates a severe conflict between the need for rich visual data and the fundamental right to privacy. Existing privacy-preserving mechanisms, such as blurring or encryption, are often insufficient, creating an...