Network Impact of Post-Quantum Certificate Chain Sizes on Time to First Byte in TLS Deployments

Post-Quantum Cryptography PQC is a rapidly growing deployment challenge as cryptographically relevant quantum computers CRQC continue to advance, leaving traditional cryptographic algorithms used in X.509 vulnerable to attack. However, PQC introduces significant deployment challenges in real-worl...

Merkle Tree Certificate Post-Quantum PKI for Kubernetes and Cloud-Native 5G/B5G Core

Post-quantum signature schemes such as ML-DSA-65 produce signatures of 3,309 bytes and public keys of 1,952 bytes over 50 times larger than classical Ed25519. In TLS-authenticated environments like Kubernetes control planes and 5G Core networks, where every inter-component connection is mutually...

Google Develops Merkle Tree Certificates to Enable Quantum-Resistant HTTPS in Chrome

Google has announced a new program in its Chrome browser to ensure that HTTPS certificates are secure against the future risk posed by quantum computers. "To ensure the scalability and efficiency of the ecosystem, Chrome has no immediate plan to add traditional X.509 certificates containing...