Ed25519 identity public keys permit universal signature forgery

All published versions of dcrypt-sign before 2.0.0 accepted the Edwards identity as an Ed25519 public key. A signature with R = B and S = 1 then verified for every message because the challenge term multiplied the identity. The implementation also admitted other noncanonical or small-order inputs...

CVE-2026-33895 Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check

Forge also called node-forge is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version 1.4.0, Ed25519 signature verification accepts forged non-canonical signatures where the scalar S is not reduced modulo the group order S = L. A valid signature and its S + L variant...

GHSA-Q67F-28XG-22RW Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check

Summary Ed25519 signature verification accepts forged non-canonical signatures where the scalar S is not reduced modulo the group order S = L. A valid signature and its S + L variant both verify in forge, while Node.js crypto.verify OpenSSL-backed rejects the S + L variant, as defined by the...