Multiple Vulnerabilities in Veeam Backup & Replication

On Wednesday, September 4, 2024, backup and recovery software provider Veeam released their September security bulletin disclosing various vulnerabilities in Veeam products. One of the higher-severity vulnerabilities included in the bulletin is CVE-2024-40711, a critical unauthenticated remote code execution issue affecting Veeam’s popular Backup & Replication solution. Notably, upon initial disclosure, the Veeam advisory listed the CVSS score for CVE-2024-40711 as “high” rather than “critical” — as of Monday, September 9, however, the CVSS score is listed as 9.8, which confirms exploitation is fully unauthenticated.

Five other CVEs were also disclosed in Backup & Replication, including several that allow users who have been assigned low-privileged roles to alter multi-factor authentication (MFA) settings, achieve remote code execution as a service account, and extract sensitive data (e.g., credentials, passwords). Other vulnerabilities in the bulletin affect additional Veeam offerings — notably, there are also two critical vulnerabilities in Veeam Service Provider Console.

While CVE-2024-40711 has received attention from security media and community members, we are not aware of any known exploitation as of Monday, September 9, 2024. Veeam Backup & Replication has a large deployment footprint, however, and several previous vulnerabilities affecting the software have been exploited in the wild, including by ransomware groups. It is possible that one or more of these vulnerabilities may be used to facilitate extortion attacks. More than 20% of Rapid7 incident response cases in 2024 so far have involved Veeam being accessed or exploited in some manner, typically once an adversary has already established a foothold in the target environment.

Mitigation guidance

The following vulnerabilities affect Veeam Backup & Replication 12.1.2.172 and all earlier version 12 builds, per the vendor advisory:

• **CVE-2024-40711:**Unauthenticated remote code execution (CVSS 9.8)
• CVE-2024-40713: Allows a low-privileged user to alter MFA settings and bypass MFA (CVSS 8.8)
• CVE-2024-40710: Covers multiple issues, per the advisory, including one that allows for remote code execution as the service account and enables extraction of saved credentials and passwords (CVSS 8.8)
• ******CVE-2024-39718:******Allows a low-privileged user to remotely remove files on the system with permissions equivalent to those of the service account (CVSS 8.1)
• CVE-2024-40714: A vulnerability in TLS certificate validation allows an attacker on the same network to intercept sensitive credentials during restore operations (CVSS 8.3)
• CVE-2024-40712: A path traversal vulnerability allows an attacker with a low-privileged account and local access to the system to perform local privilege escalation (CVSS 7.8)

Veeam Backup & Replication customers should update to the latest version of the software (12.2 build 12.2.0.334) immediately, without waiting for a regular patch cycle to occur. Unsupported software versions were not tested but, per the vendor, should be considered vulnerable.

Other CVEs in Veeam’s September 4 security bulletin affect Veeam Agent for Linux, Veeam ONE, Veeam Service Provider Console, Veeam Backup for Nutanix AHV, and Veeam Backup for Oracle Linux Virtualization Manager and Red Hat Virtualization.

Rapid7 customers

InsightVM and Nexpose customers will be able to assess their exposure to the Veeam Backup & Replication CVEs listed in this blog with vulnerability checks expected to be available in today’s (Monday, September 9) content release.

InsightIDR and Managed Detection and Response customers have existing detection coverage through Rapid7’s expansive library of detection rules. Rapid7 recommends installing the Insight Agent on all applicable hosts to ensure visibility into suspicious processes and proper detection coverage. Below is a non-exhaustive list of detections that are deployed and will alert on behavior related to exploitation or abuse of Veeam Backup & Replication software:

• Attacker Technique - SQL Server Binary from VEEAM Backup Software Spawns cmd.exe or powershell.exe
• Attacker Technique - Credential Dumping From VeeamBackup Server
• Attacker Technique - Veeam Backup Server Password Decryption

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