The Qualys Research Team has discovered a memory corruption vulnerability in polkit's pkexec, a SUID-root program that is installed by default on every major Linux distribution. This easily exploited vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain full root privileges on a vulnerable host by exploiting this vulnerability in its default configuration.
### About Polkit pkexec for Linux
Polkit (formerly PolicyKit) is a component for controlling system-wide privileges in Unix-like operating systems. It provides an organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged processes. It is also possible to use polkit to execute commands with elevated privileges using the command pkexec followed by the command intended to be executed (with root permission).
### Potential Impact of PwnKit Vulnerability
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain root privileges on the vulnerable host. Qualys security researchers have been able to independently verify the vulnerability, develop an exploit, and obtain full root privileges on default installations of Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, and CentOS. Other Linux distributions are likely vulnerable and probably exploitable. This vulnerability has been hiding in plain sight for 12+ years and affects all versions of pkexec since its first version in May 2009 (commit c8c3d83, "Add a pkexec(1) command").
As soon as our Research Team confirmed the vulnerability, Qualys engaged in responsible vulnerability disclosure and has coordinated with both vendor and open-source distributions to announce the vulnerability.
### Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline
* 2021-11-18: Advisory sent to secalert@redhat.
* 2022-01-11: Advisory and patch sent to distros@openwall.
* 2022-01-25: Coordinated Release Date (5:00 PM UTC).
### Proof of Concept Video of PwnKit Exploit
View this video of a potential exploit path.
### PwnKit Scan Video
View this video on how to get visibility of the PwnKit vulnerability using Qualys VMDR.
### Technical Details of PwnKit Vulnerability
What follows is an explanation of how the PwnKit vulnerability works.
The beginning of pkexec's main() function processes the command-line arguments (lines 534-568), and searches for the program to be executed, if its path is not absolute, in the directories of the PATH environment variable (lines 610-640):
------------------------------------------------------------------------
435 main (int argc, char *argv[])
436 {
...
534 for (n = 1; n < (guint) argc; n++)
535 {
...
568 }
...
610 path = g_strdup (argv[n]);
...
629 if (path[0] != '/')
630 {
...
632 s = g_find_program_in_path (path);
...
639 argv[n] = path = s;
640 }
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unfortunately, if the number of command-line arguments argc is 0 - which means if the argument list argv that we pass to execve() is empty, i.e. {NULL} - then argv[0] is NULL. This is the argument list's terminator. Therefore:
* at line 534, the integer n is permanently set to 1;
* at line 610, the pointer path is read out-of-bounds from argv[1];
* at line 639, the pointer s is written out-of-bounds to argv[1].
But what exactly is read from and written to this out-of-bounds argv[1]?
To answer this question, we must digress briefly. When we execve() a new program, the kernel copies our argument, environment strings, and pointers (argv and envp) to the end of the new program's stack; for example:
|---------+---------+-----+------------|---------+---------+-----+------------|
| argv[0] | argv[1] | ... | argv[argc] | envp[0] | envp[1] | ... | envp[envc] |
|----|----+----|----+-----+-----|------|----|----+----|----+-----+-----|------|
V V V V V V
"program" "-option" NULL "value" "PATH=name" NULL
Clearly, because the argv and envp pointers are contiguous in memory, if argc is 0, then the out-of-bounds argv[1] is actually envp[0], the pointer to our first environment variable, "value". Consequently:
* At line 610, the path of the program to be executed is read out-of-bounds from argv[1] (i.e. envp[0]), and points to "value";
* At line 632, this path "value" is passed to g_find_program_in_path() (because "value" does not start with a slash, at line 629);
* Then, g_find_program_in_path() searches for an executable file named "value" in the directories of our PATH environment variable;
* If such an executable file is found, its full path is returned to pkexec's main() function (at line 632);
* Finally, at line 639, this full path is written out-of-bounds to argv[1] (i.e. envp[0]), thus overwriting our first environment variable.
So, stated more precisely:
* If our PATH environment variable is "PATH=name", and if the directory "name" exists (in the current working directory) and contains an executable file named "value", then a pointer to the string "name/value" is written out-of-bounds to envp[0];
OR
* If our PATH is "PATH=name=.", and if the directory "name=." exists and contains an executable file named "value", then a pointer to the string "name=./value" is written out-of-bounds to envp[0].
In other words, this out-of-bounds write allows us to re-introduce an "unsecure" environment variable (for example, LD_PRELOAD) into pkexec's environment. These "unsecure" variables are normally removed (by ld.so) from the environment of SUID programs before the main() function is called. We will exploit this powerful primitive in the following section.
Last-minute note: polkit also supports non-Linux operating systems such as Solaris and *BSD, but we have not investigated their exploitability. However, we note that OpenBSD is not exploitable, because its kernel refuses to execve() a program if argc is 0.
### Solution: How to Patch the PwnKit Vulnerability
Given the breadth of the attack surface for this vulnerability across both Linux and non-Linux OS, Qualys recommends that users apply patches for this vulnerability immediately.
Current Qualys customers can search the vulnerability knowledgebase for CVE-2021-4034 to identify all the QIDs and assets vulnerable for this vulnerability.
Other interested parties can start a free Qualys VMDR trial to get full access to the QIDs (detections) for CVE-2021-4034, where all vulnerable assets can be identified.
The Qualys Research Team has discovered a memory corruption vulnerability in polkit's pkexec, a SUID-root program that is installed by default on every major Linux distribution. This easily exploited vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain full root privileges on a vulnerable host by exploiting this vulnerability in its default configuration.
* * *
**Fix the PwnKit Vulnerability with a Free Trial of Qualys**
[Get the Free Trial](<https://www.qualys.com/forms/vmdr/>)
* * *
### About Polkit pkexec for Linux
#### Qualys QID Coverage
Qualys is releasing the QIDs in the table below as they become available starting with vulnsigs version VULNSIGS-2.5.387-2 and in Linux Cloud Agent manifest version lx_manifest-2.5.387.2-1.
**QID**| **Title**| **VulnSigs Version**
---|---|---
376287| Polkit pkexec Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (PwnKit)| VULNSIGS-2.5.387-2 / lx_manifest- VULNSIGS-2.5.387.2-1
### Discover Vulnerable Linux Servers Using Qualys VMDR
#### Identify Assets Running Linux Kernel
The following instructs current Qualys customers on how to detect PwnKit in their environment.
The first step in managing this critical vulnerability and reducing risk is the identification of all assets running Linux OS. [Qualys VMDR](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/vulnerability-management-detection-response/>) makes it easy to identify such assets.
_Query: operatingSystem.category1:`Linux`_
Once the hosts are identified, they can be grouped together with a ‘dynamic tag’, let’s say: “Linux Servers”. This helps by automatically grouping existing hosts with the above vulnerabilities as well as any new Linux assets that spin up in your environment. Tagging makes these grouped assets available for querying, reporting, and management throughout the [Qualys Cloud Platform](<https://www.qualys.com/cloud-platform/>).
#### Prioritize Based on RTIs
Using Qualys VMDR, the PwnKit vulnerability can be prioritized using the following real-time threat indicators (RTIs):
* Predicted_High_Risk
* Privilege_Escalation
* Easy_Exploit
* High_Lateral_Movement
### Patch With Qualys VMDR
We expect vendors to release patches for this vulnerability in the short term. Qualys Patch Management can be used to deploy those patches to vulnerable assets, when available.
Using the same prioritization based on the RTI method as described above, customers can use the “patch now” button found to the right of the vulnerability to add PwnKit to a patch job. Once patches are released, Qualys will find the relevant patches for this vulnerability and automatically add those patches to a patch job. This will allow customers to deploy those patches to vulnerable devices, all from Qualys Cloud Platform.
#### Detect Impacted Assets with Threat Protection
VMDR also enables you to automatically map assets vulnerable to PwnKit vulnerabilities using Threat Protect.
#### Track Vulnerability with VMDR Dashboard
With VMDR Unified Dashboard, you can track this vulnerability, impacted hosts, status, and overall management in real time. With trending enabled for dashboard widgets, you can keep track of these vulnerability trends in your environment using the “PwnKit” Dashboard.
[Download and view the "PwnKit" dashboard](<https://blog.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Polkits_pkexec_PWNKIT_VMdashboard.zip>)[Download](<https://blog.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Polkits_pkexec_PWNKIT_VMdashboard.zip>)
### Leverage Qualys XDR Identifying Exploit Attempts
Qualys XDR customers can use the rule name titled – “T1068 – Linux: Polkit pkexec Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability Detected (CVE-2021-4034)” to detect post-exploitation activity on affected systems. Post enablement, customers can also search for vulnerable systems using the following QQL query:
_eventName:” The value for the SHELL variable was not found the /etc/shells file“ or “contains suspicious content“_
Customers will be able to see output similar to the following screenshot:
Interested customers can contact [Qualys Support](<https://www.qualys.com/support/>) for a copy of the XDR rule until it is available in the rule library.
### Vendor References
[Read the PwnKit security advisory](<https://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt>)
### Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
#### What versions are vulnerable?
All Polkit versions from 2009 onwards are vulnerable.
#### Will the Qualys Research Team publish exploit code for this vulnerability?
No. But given how easy it is to exploit the vulnerability, we anticipate public exploits to become available within a few days of this blog’s post date.
#### Are there any mitigations for this vulnerability?
If no patches are available for your operating system, you can remove the SUID-bit from pkexec as a temporary mitigation; for example:
_# chmod 0755 /usr/bin/pkexec_
#### Is this vulnerability remotely exploitable?
No. But if an attacker can log in as any unprivileged user, the vulnerability can be quickly exploited to gain root privileges.
#### Is it possible to check for evidence of exploitation?
Yes, this exploitation technique leaves traces in the logs (either "The value for the SHELL variable was not found the /etc/shells file" or "The value for environment variable […] contains suspicious content"). However, please note that this vulnerability is also exploitable without leaving any traces in the logs.
#### Why is the vulnerability named “PwnKit”?
This is a pun intended on the name of the vulnerable application Polkit.
{"id": "QUALYSBLOG:837A30E6897F8F258644FDEDDF11F66D", "vendorId": null, "type": "qualysblog", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "title": "PwnKit: Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability Discovered in polkit\u2019s pkexec (CVE-2021-4034)", "description": "\n\nThe Qualys Research Team has discovered a memory corruption vulnerability in polkit's pkexec, a SUID-root program that is installed by default on every major Linux distribution. This easily exploited vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain full root privileges on a vulnerable host by exploiting this vulnerability in its default configuration.\n\n### About Polkit pkexec for Linux\n\nPolkit (formerly PolicyKit) is a component for controlling system-wide privileges in Unix-like operating systems. It provides an organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged processes. It is also possible to use polkit to execute commands with elevated privileges using the command pkexec followed by the command intended to be executed (with root permission).\n\n### Potential Impact of PwnKit Vulnerability\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain root privileges on the vulnerable host. Qualys security researchers have been able to independently verify the vulnerability, develop an exploit, and obtain full root privileges on default installations of Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, and CentOS. Other Linux distributions are likely vulnerable and probably exploitable. This vulnerability has been hiding in plain sight for 12+ years and affects all versions of pkexec since its first version in May 2009 (commit c8c3d83, "Add a pkexec(1) command").\n\nAs soon as our Research Team confirmed the vulnerability, Qualys engaged in responsible vulnerability disclosure and has coordinated with both vendor and open-source distributions to announce the vulnerability.\n\n### Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline\n\n * 2021-11-18: Advisory sent to secalert@redhat.\n * 2022-01-11: Advisory and patch sent to distros@openwall.\n * 2022-01-25: Coordinated Release Date (5:00 PM UTC).\n\n### Proof of Concept Video of PwnKit Exploit\n\nView this video of a potential exploit path.\n\n### PwnKit Scan Video\n\nView this video on how to get visibility of the PwnKit vulnerability using Qualys VMDR.\n\n### Technical Details of PwnKit Vulnerability\n\nWhat follows is an explanation of how the PwnKit vulnerability works.\n\nThe beginning of pkexec's main() function processes the command-line arguments (lines 534-568), and searches for the program to be executed, if its path is not absolute, in the directories of the PATH environment variable (lines 610-640):\n \n \n ------------------------------------------------------------------------\n 435 main (int argc, char *argv[])\n 436 {\n ...\n 534 for (n = 1; n < (guint) argc; n++)\n 535 {\n ...\n 568 }\n ...\n 610 path = g_strdup (argv[n]);\n ...\n 629 if (path[0] != '/')\n 630 {\n ...\n 632 s = g_find_program_in_path (path);\n ...\n 639 argv[n] = path = s;\n 640 }\n ------------------------------------------------------------------------\n \n\nUnfortunately, if the number of command-line arguments argc is 0 - which means if the argument list argv that we pass to execve() is empty, i.e. {NULL} - then argv[0] is NULL. This is the argument list's terminator. Therefore:\n\n * at line 534, the integer n is permanently set to 1;\n * at line 610, the pointer path is read out-of-bounds from argv[1];\n * at line 639, the pointer s is written out-of-bounds to argv[1].\n\nBut what exactly is read from and written to this out-of-bounds argv[1]?\n\nTo answer this question, we must digress briefly. When we execve() a new program, the kernel copies our argument, environment strings, and pointers (argv and envp) to the end of the new program's stack; for example:\n \n \n |---------+---------+-----+------------|---------+---------+-----+------------| \n \n | argv[0] | argv[1] | ... | argv[argc] | envp[0] | envp[1] | ... | envp[envc] | \n \n |----|----+----|----+-----+-----|------|----|----+----|----+-----+-----|------| \n \n V V V V V V \n \n \"program\" \"-option\" NULL \"value\" \"PATH=name\" NULL \n\nClearly, because the argv and envp pointers are contiguous in memory, if argc is 0, then the out-of-bounds argv[1] is actually envp[0], the pointer to our first environment variable, "value". Consequently:\n\n * At line 610, the path of the program to be executed is read out-of-bounds from argv[1] (i.e. envp[0]), and points to "value";\n * At line 632, this path "value" is passed to g_find_program_in_path() (because "value" does not start with a slash, at line 629);\n * Then, g_find_program_in_path() searches for an executable file named "value" in the directories of our PATH environment variable;\n * If such an executable file is found, its full path is returned to pkexec's main() function (at line 632);\n * Finally, at line 639, this full path is written out-of-bounds to argv[1] (i.e. envp[0]), thus overwriting our first environment variable.\n\nSo, stated more precisely:\n\n * If our PATH environment variable is "PATH=name", and if the directory "name" exists (in the current working directory) and contains an executable file named "value", then a pointer to the string "name/value" is written out-of-bounds to envp[0];\n\nOR\n\n * If our PATH is "PATH=name=.", and if the directory "name=." exists and contains an executable file named "value", then a pointer to the string "name=./value" is written out-of-bounds to envp[0].\n\nIn other words, this out-of-bounds write allows us to re-introduce an "unsecure" environment variable (for example, LD_PRELOAD) into pkexec's environment. These "unsecure" variables are normally removed (by ld.so) from the environment of SUID programs before the main() function is called. We will exploit this powerful primitive in the following section.\n\nLast-minute note: polkit also supports non-Linux operating systems such as Solaris and *BSD, but we have not investigated their exploitability. However, we note that OpenBSD is not exploitable, because its kernel refuses to execve() a program if argc is 0.\n\n### Solution: How to Patch the PwnKit Vulnerability\n\nGiven the breadth of the attack surface for this vulnerability across both Linux and non-Linux OS, Qualys recommends that users apply patches for this vulnerability immediately.\n\nCurrent Qualys customers can search the vulnerability knowledgebase for CVE-2021-4034 to identify all the QIDs and assets vulnerable for this vulnerability.\n\nOther interested parties can start a free Qualys VMDR trial to get full access to the QIDs (detections) for CVE-2021-4034, where all vulnerable assets can be identified.\n\nThe Qualys Research Team has discovered a memory corruption vulnerability in polkit's pkexec, a SUID-root program that is installed by default on every major Linux distribution. This easily exploited vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain full root privileges on a vulnerable host by exploiting this vulnerability in its default configuration.\n\n* * *\n\n**Fix the PwnKit Vulnerability with a Free Trial of Qualys**\n\n[Get the Free Trial](<https://www.qualys.com/forms/vmdr/>)\n\n* * *\n\n### About Polkit pkexec for Linux\n\n#### Qualys QID Coverage\n\nQualys is releasing the QIDs in the table below as they become available starting with vulnsigs version VULNSIGS-2.5.387-2 and in Linux Cloud Agent manifest version lx_manifest-2.5.387.2-1.\n\n**QID**| **Title**| **VulnSigs Version** \n---|---|--- \n376287| Polkit pkexec Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (PwnKit)| VULNSIGS-2.5.387-2 / lx_manifest- VULNSIGS-2.5.387.2-1 \n \n### Discover Vulnerable Linux Servers Using Qualys VMDR\n\n#### Identify Assets Running Linux Kernel\n\nThe following instructs current Qualys customers on how to detect PwnKit in their environment.\n\nThe first step in managing this critical vulnerability and reducing risk is the identification of all assets running Linux OS. [Qualys VMDR](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/vulnerability-management-detection-response/>) makes it easy to identify such assets.\n\n_Query: operatingSystem.category1:`Linux`_\n\n\n\nOnce the hosts are identified, they can be grouped together with a \u2018dynamic tag\u2019, let\u2019s say: \u201cLinux Servers\u201d. This helps by automatically grouping existing hosts with the above vulnerabilities as well as any new Linux assets that spin up in your environment. Tagging makes these grouped assets available for querying, reporting, and management throughout the [Qualys Cloud Platform](<https://www.qualys.com/cloud-platform/>).\n\n#### Prioritize Based on RTIs\n\nUsing Qualys VMDR, the PwnKit vulnerability can be prioritized using the following real-time threat indicators (RTIs):\n\n * Predicted_High_Risk\n * Privilege_Escalation\n * Easy_Exploit\n * High_Lateral_Movement\n\n\n### Patch With Qualys VMDR\n\nWe expect vendors to release patches for this vulnerability in the short term. Qualys Patch Management can be used to deploy those patches to vulnerable assets, when available.\n\nUsing the same prioritization based on the RTI method as described above, customers can use the \u201cpatch now\u201d button found to the right of the vulnerability to add PwnKit to a patch job. Once patches are released, Qualys will find the relevant patches for this vulnerability and automatically add those patches to a patch job. This will allow customers to deploy those patches to vulnerable devices, all from Qualys Cloud Platform.\n\n#### Detect Impacted Assets with Threat Protection\n\nVMDR also enables you to automatically map assets vulnerable to PwnKit vulnerabilities using Threat Protect.\n\n\n\n#### Track Vulnerability with VMDR Dashboard\n\nWith VMDR Unified Dashboard, you can track this vulnerability, impacted hosts, status, and overall management in real time. With trending enabled for dashboard widgets, you can keep track of these vulnerability trends in your environment using the \u201cPwnKit\u201d Dashboard.\n\n[Download and view the "PwnKit" dashboard](<https://blog.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Polkits_pkexec_PWNKIT_VMdashboard.zip>)[Download](<https://blog.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Polkits_pkexec_PWNKIT_VMdashboard.zip>)\n\n\n\n### Leverage Qualys XDR Identifying Exploit Attempts\n\nQualys XDR customers can use the rule name titled \u2013 \u201cT1068 \u2013 Linux: Polkit pkexec Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability Detected (CVE-2021-4034)\u201d to detect post-exploitation activity on affected systems. Post enablement, customers can also search for vulnerable systems using the following QQL query:\n\n_eventName:\u201d The value for the SHELL variable was not found the /etc/shells file\u201c or \u201ccontains suspicious content\u201c_\n\nCustomers will be able to see output similar to the following screenshot:\n\n\n\nInterested customers can contact [Qualys Support](<https://www.qualys.com/support/>) for a copy of the XDR rule until it is available in the rule library.\n\n### Vendor References\n\n[Read the PwnKit security advisory](<https://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt>)\n\n### Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\n\n#### What versions are vulnerable?\n\nAll Polkit versions from 2009 onwards are vulnerable.\n\n#### Will the Qualys Research Team publish exploit code for this vulnerability?\n\nNo. But given how easy it is to exploit the vulnerability, we anticipate public exploits to become available within a few days of this blog\u2019s post date.\n\n#### Are there any mitigations for this vulnerability?\n\nIf no patches are available for your operating system, you can remove the SUID-bit from pkexec as a temporary mitigation; for example:\n\n_# chmod 0755 /usr/bin/pkexec_\n\n#### Is this vulnerability remotely exploitable?\n\nNo. But if an attacker can log in as any unprivileged user, the vulnerability can be quickly exploited to gain root privileges.\n\n#### Is it possible to check for evidence of exploitation?\n\nYes, this exploitation technique leaves traces in the logs (either "The value for the SHELL variable was not found the /etc/shells file" or "The value for environment variable [\u2026] contains suspicious content"). However, please note that this vulnerability is also exploitable without leaving any traces in the logs.\n\n#### Why is the vulnerability named \u201cPwnKit\u201d?\n\nThis is a pun intended on the name of the vulnerable application Polkit.", "published": "2022-01-25T17:36:43", "modified": "2022-01-25T17:36:43", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "cvss2": {"cvssV2": {"version": "2.0", "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "accessComplexity": "LOW", "authentication": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2}, "severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false}, "cvss3": {"cvssV3": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}, "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/vulnerabilities-threat-research", "reporter": "Bharat Jogi", "references": [], "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "immutableFields": [], "lastseen": "2022-02-17T09:27:09", "viewCount": 328, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2022:0267"]}, {"type": "alpinelinux", "idList": ["ALPINE:CVE-2021-4034"]}, {"type": "altlinux", "idList": ["17B50C433BE25BEF137B88533422057B"]}, {"type": "amazon", "idList": ["ALAS2-2022-1745"]}, {"type": "archlinux", "idList": ["ASA-202204-2"]}, {"type": "attackerkb", "idList": ["AKB:F75AA31E-DA06-433B-8539-82BFFA1032FF"]}, {"type": "avleonov", "idList": ["AVLEONOV:E820C062BC9959711E1D1152D8848072"]}, {"type": "centos", "idList": ["CESA-2022:0274"]}, {"type": "checkpoint_security", "idList": ["CPS:SK177683"]}, {"type": "cloudlinux", "idList": ["CLSA-2022:1643211942"]}, {"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2021-4034"]}, {"type": "debian", "idList": ["DEBIAN:DLA-2899-1:093B7", "DEBIAN:DSA-5059-1:3D2FB"]}, {"type": "debiancve", "idList": ["DEBIANCVE:CVE-2021-4034"]}, {"type": "exploitdb", "idList": ["EDB-ID:50689"]}, {"type": "f5", "idList": ["F5:K46015513"]}, {"type": "fedora", "idList": ["FEDORA:2832C30B13CB", "FEDORA:800D330E4009"]}, {"type": "freebsd", "idList": ["0F8BF913-7EFA-11EC-8C04-2CF05D620ECC"]}, {"type": "gentoo", "idList": ["GLSA-202201-01"]}, {"type": "githubexploit", "idList": ["032B8FB2-2424-535E-B324-A1303EA61B68", "032B95BC-FEA9-53BF-8CA4-8F39652D3E49", "06C6A8A1-3957-5359-AAA6-A1171EEC7ACF", "088AC55E-00F9-56D8-BA55-1BB5B9C6A234", "0A972944-9311-5F0E-BA32-24EA5C179EAE", "0AC8F312-3A2E-5A3F-B112-13A5A2C58409", 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{"ics": [{"lastseen": "2023-05-23T16:50:35", "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 7.8**\n * **ATTENTION:** Low attack complexity\n * **Vendor:** Siemens\n * **Equipment:** SCALANCE LPE 4903 and SINUMERIK Edge\n * **Vulnerability:** Out-of-bounds Write\n\n## 2\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an unprivileged local user to escalate privileges and gain administrative rights.\n\n## 3\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following products and versions are affected:\n\n * SCALANCE LPE9403: All versions prior to v2.0\n * SINUMERIK Edge: All versions prior to v3.3.0\n\n### 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 3.2.1 [OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/787.html>)\n\nA local privilege escalation vulnerability could allow an attacker to craft environment variables and execute arbitrary code. When successfully executed, the attack can cause a local privilege escalation, giving unprivileged users administrative rights on the target machine.\n\n[CVE-2021-4034](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2021-4034>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H>)).\n\n### 3.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Multiple sectors\n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED:** Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:** Germany\n\n### 3.4 RESEARCHER\n\nSiemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.\n\n## 4\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nSiemens recommends users update products to the following versions: \n\n * SCALANCE LPE9403: [Update to v2.0 or later](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109811123/>).\n * SINUMERIK Edge: Update to v3.3.0 or later using the product\u2019s internal update mechanism.\n\nSiemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce the risk:\n\n * Restrict system access to authorized personnel and follow a least privilege approach\n * Temporary mitigation exists at the expense of pkexec\u2019s capabilities. By removing SUID permissions, the program cannot run processes as root. However, any processes that rely on it for normal operation will be affected \n * SUID permission can be removed with chmod, as follows: chmod 0755 /usr/bin/pkexec\n\nAs a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to [Siemens\u2019 operational guidelines for industrial security](<https://www.siemens.com/cert/operational-guidelines-industrial-security>) and following recommendations in the product manuals.\n\nAdditional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the [Siemens industrial security webpage](<https://www.siemens.com/industrialsecurity>).\n\nFor more information see Siemens Security Advisory [SSA-330556](<https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-330556.pdf>)\n\nCISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.\n\nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/recommended-practices>) on the [ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics](<https://cisa.gov/ics>) Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including [Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the [ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics](<https://cisa.gov/ics>) in the Technical Information Paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>).\n\nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.\n\n### Vendor\n\nSiemens\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-06-16T12:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "Siemens SCALANCE LPE 4903 and SINUMERIK Edge", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", 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{"lastseen": "2023-05-23T17:28:01", "description": "# f_poc_cve-2021-4034\n\n## usage\n\n```bash\n...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-29T01:06:32", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Out-of-bounds Write in Polkit Project Polkit", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, 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{"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-28T23:36:36", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Out-of-bounds Write in Polkit Project Polkit", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, 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'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/i386/source/SRPMS',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/debug',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/optional/debug',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/optional/os',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/optional/source/SRPMS',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/os',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/scalablefilesystem/debug',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/scalablefilesystem/os',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/scalablefilesystem/source/SRPMS',\n 'content/fastrack/rhel/workstation/6/x86_64/source/SRPMS'\n ],\n 'pkgs': [\n {'reference':'polkit-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'i686', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'s390', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'s390x', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-desktop-policy-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-devel-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'i686', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-devel-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'s390', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-devel-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'s390x', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-devel-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-docs-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'i686', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-docs-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'s390x', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},\n {'reference':'polkit-docs-0.96-11.el6_10.2', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'6', 'el_string':'el6_10', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE}\n ]\n }\n];\n\nvar applicable_repo_urls = rhel_determine_applicable_repository_urls(constraints:constraints);\nif(applicable_repo_urls == RHEL_REPOS_NO_OVERLAP_MESSAGE) exit(0, RHEL_REPO_NOT_ENABLED);\n\nvar flag = 0;\nforeach var constraint_array ( constraints ) {\n var repo_relative_urls = NULL;\n if (!empty_or_null(constraint_array['repo_relative_urls'])) repo_relative_urls = constraint_array['repo_relative_urls'];\n foreach var pkg ( constraint_array['pkgs'] ) {\n var reference = NULL;\n var _release = NULL;\n var sp = NULL;\n var _cpu = NULL;\n var el_string = NULL;\n var rpm_spec_vers_cmp = NULL;\n var epoch = NULL;\n var allowmaj = NULL;\n var exists_check = NULL;\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['reference'])) reference = pkg['reference'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['release'])) _release = 'RHEL' + pkg['release'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['sp'])) sp = pkg['sp'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['cpu'])) _cpu = pkg['cpu'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['el_string'])) el_string = pkg['el_string'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'])) rpm_spec_vers_cmp = pkg['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['epoch'])) epoch = pkg['epoch'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['allowmaj'])) allowmaj = pkg['allowmaj'];\n if (!empty_or_null(pkg['exists_check'])) exists_check = pkg['exists_check'];\n if (reference &&\n _release &&\n rhel_decide_repo_relative_url_check(required_repo_url_list:repo_relative_urls) &&\n (applicable_repo_urls || (!exists_check || rpm_exists(release:_release, rpm:exists_check))) &&\n rpm_check(release:_release, sp:sp, cpu:_cpu, reference:reference, epoch:epoch, el_string:el_string, rpm_spec_vers_cmp:rpm_spec_vers_cmp, allowmaj:allowmaj)) flag++;\n }\n}\n\nif (flag)\n{\n var extra = NULL;\n if (empty_or_null(applicable_repo_urls)) extra = rpm_report_get() + redhat_report_repo_caveat();\n else extra 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}\n}\n\nif (flag)\n{\n security_report_v4(\n port : 0,\n severity : SECURITY_HOLE,\n extra : rpm_report_get()\n );\n exit(0);\n}\nelse\n{\n var tested = pkg_tests_get();\n if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);\n else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'polkit / polkit-desktop-policy / polkit-devel / etc');\n}\n", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}], "schneier": [{"lastseen": "2022-02-10T00:00:00", "description": "It's a privilege escalation [vulnerability](<https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/01/a-bug-lurking-for-12-years-gives-attackers-root-on-every-major-linux-distro/>):\n\n> Linux users on Tuesday got a major dose of bad news -- a 12-year-old vulnerability in a system tool called Polkit gives attackers unfettered root privileges on machines running most major distributions of the open source operating system.\n> \n> Previously called PolicyKit, Polkit manages system-wide privileges in Unix-like OSes. It provides a mechanism for nonprivileged processes to safely interact with privileged processes. It also allows users to execute commands with high privileges by using a component called pkexec, followed by the command.\n\nIt was discovered in October, and [disclosed](<https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/01/25/pwnkit-local-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-discovered-in-polkits-pkexec-cve-2021-4034>) last week -- after most Linux distributions issued patches. Of course, there's lots of Linux out there that never gets patched, so [expect this](<https://www.sesin.at/2022/01/25/local-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-in-polkits-pkexec-cve-2021-4034-tue-jan-25th/>) to be exploited in the wild for a long time.\n\nOf course, this vulnerability doesn't give attackers access to the system. They have to get that some other way. But if they get access, this vulnerability gives them root privileges.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-31T12:18:55", "type": "schneier", "title": "Twelve-Year-Old Linux Vulnerability Discovered and Patched", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-27T21:21:41", "id": "SCHNEIER:8D29588A64F719C6A76BCC3CE672FE41", "href": "https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2022/01/twelve-year-old-linux-vulnerability-discovered-and-patched.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "altlinux": [{"lastseen": "2022-06-16T03:04:02", "description": "2:5.10.110-alt1 built April 12, 2022 kernelbot in task [#298105](<https://git.altlinux.org/tasks/298105/>) \n--- \nApril 8, 2022 Kernel Bot \n \n \n - v5.10.110 (Fixes: CVE-2021-4034)\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-04-12T00:00:00", "type": "altlinux", "title": "Security fix for the ALT Linux 10 package kernel-image-std-def version 2:5.10.110-alt1", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-04-12T00:00:00", "id": "17B50C433BE25BEF137B88533422057B", "href": "https://packages.altlinux.org/en/p10/srpms/kernel-image-std-def/2789331894149858419", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-05-07T11:55:14", "description": "0.116-alt2.M90P.4 built Feb. 1, 2022 Alexander Danilov in task #294286\n\nJan. 26, 2022 Alexander Danilov\n \n \n - (Fixes: CVE-2021-4034)\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-02-01T00:00:00", "type": "altlinux", "title": "Security fix for the ALT Linux 9 package polkit version 0.116-alt2.M90P.4", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-02-01T00:00:00", "id": "CAE3990B0B7D555AA778333E380D1830", "href": "https://packages.altlinux.org/en/p9/srpms/polkit/", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "osv": [{"lastseen": "2022-08-10T07:10:25", "description": "\nThe Qualys Research Labs discovered a local privilege escalation in\nPolicyKit's pkexec.\n\n\nDetails can be found in the Qualys advisory at\n<https://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt>\n\n\nFor the oldstable distribution (buster), this problem has been fixed\nin version 0.105-25+deb10u1.\n\n\nFor the stable distribution (bullseye), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 0.105-31+deb11u1.\n\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your policykit-1 packages.\n\n\nFor the detailed security status of policykit-1 please refer to its\nsecurity tracker page at:\n<https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/policykit-1>\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-25T00:00:00", "type": "osv", "title": "policykit-1 - security update", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-08-10T07:10:19", "id": "OSV:DSA-5059-1", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/DSA-5059-1", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-05T05:19:20", "description": "\nThe Qualys Research Labs discovered a local privilege escalation in\nPolicyKit's pkexec.\n\n\nDetails can be found in the Qualys advisory at\n<https://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt>\n\n\nFor Debian 9 stretch, this problem has been fixed in version\n0.105-18+deb9u2.\n\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your policykit-1 packages.\n\n\nFor the detailed security status of policykit-1 please refer to its\nsecurity tracker page at:\n<https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/policykit-1>\n\n\nFurther information about Debian LTS security advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: <https://wiki.debian.org/LTS>\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-25T00:00:00", "type": "osv", "title": "policykit-1 - security update", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-08-05T05:19:17", "id": "OSV:DLA-2899-1", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/DLA-2899-1", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "cnvd": [{"lastseen": "2022-11-04T14:29:22", "description": "pkexec is a SUID root program that is installed on every major Linux distribution by default. polkit pkexec elevation of privilege vulnerability can be exploited to gain full root privileges on a host.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-27T00:00:00", "type": "cnvd", "title": "polkit pkexec elevation of privilege vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "cnvd", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-27T00:00:00", "id": "CNVD-2022-07226", "href": "https://www.cnvd.org.cn/flaw/show/CNVD-2022-07226", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "rosalinux": [{"lastseen": "2023-04-22T21:54:32", "description": "Software: polkit 0.112\nOS: rosa-server79\n\npackage_evr_string: polkit-0.112-26\n\nCVE-ID: CVE-2021-4034\nBDU-ID: 2022-00488\nCVE-Crit: HIGH\nCVE-DESC: pkexec has a problem where it does not check the number of arguments, assuming it will always be at least 1 and the second value is NULL or the command that pkexec must execute as a privileged user. If the attacker successfully forces the argument array to be empty, it means that pkexec will interpret the contents from the environment array as the application to be executed. The attacker can exploit this by manipulating these variables to contain certain values and useful data, allowing it to be executed as a privileged user without asking for any authentication. \nCVE-STATUS: Resolved\nCVE-REV: Perform a package upgrade procedure: yum install https://abf-downloads.rosalinux.ru/rosa-server73/container/3974672/x86_64/base/release/polkit-0.112-26.res7.1.x86_64.rpm\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-31T14:03:39", "type": "rosalinux", "title": "Advisory ROSA-SA-2022-2013", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-31T14:03:39", "id": "ROSA-SA-2022-2013", "href": "https://abf.rosalinux.ru/advisories/ROSA-SA-2022-2013", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-04-22T21:54:33", "description": "Software: polkit 0.112\nOS: rosa-server79\n\npackage_evr_string: polkit-0.112-26\n\nCVE-ID: CVE-2021-4034\nBDU-ID: 2022-00488\nCVE-Crit: HIGH\nCVE-DESC: pkexec has a problem where it does not check the number of arguments, assuming it will always be at least 1 and the second value is NULL or the command that pkexec must execute as a privileged user. If the attacker successfully forces the argument array to be empty, it means that pkexec will interpret the contents from the environment array as the application to be executed. The attacker can exploit this by manipulating these variables to contain certain values and useful data, allowing it to be executed as a privileged user without asking for any authentication. \nCVE-STATUS: Eliminated\nCVE-REV: To close, run the yum update polkit command\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-27T13:18:29", "type": "rosalinux", "title": "Advisory ROSA-SA-2022-2012", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-27T13:18:29", "id": "ROSA-SA-2022-2012", "href": "https://abf.rosalinux.ru/advisories/ROSA-SA-2022-2012", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "rocky": [{"lastseen": "2022-03-02T15:15:06", "description": "An update for polkit is now available for Rocky Linux 8.\nRocky Linux Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.\nThe polkit packages provide a component for controlling system-wide privileges. This component provides a uniform and organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged ones.\nFor more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-26T21:26:22", "type": "rocky", "title": "polkit security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-26T21:26:22", "id": "RLSA-2022:267", "href": "https://errata.rockylinux.org/RLSA-2022:267", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-05-23T17:13:29", "description": "An update is available for polkit.\nThis update affects Rocky Linux 8.\nA Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE list\nThe polkit packages provide a component for controlling system-wide privileges. This component provides a uniform and organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged ones.\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\n* polkit: Local privilege escalation in pkexec due to incorrect handling of argument vector (CVE-2021-4034)\n\nFor more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-25T17:38:41", "type": "rocky", "title": "polkit security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-25T17:38:41", "id": "RLSA-2022:0267", "href": "https://errata.rockylinux.org/RLSA-2022:0267", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "trendmicroblog": [{"lastseen": "2022-02-11T13:27:19", "description": "This blog discusses how CVE-2021-4034 can be detected and blocked using Trend Micro\u2122 Vision One\u2122 and Trend Micro Cloud One\u2122.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-02-11T00:00:00", "type": "trendmicroblog", "title": "Detecting PwnKit (CVE-2021-4034) Using Trend Micro\u2122 Vision One\u2122 and Cloud One\u2122", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-02-11T00:00:00", "id": "TRENDMICROBLOG:4EEE4FFFDACD73E41FF1BB7908834703", "href": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/b/detecting-pwnkit-cve20214034-using-trend-micro-vision-one-cloud-one.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "threatpost": [{"lastseen": "2022-01-26T19:45:06", "description": "UPDATE\n\nEvery major Linux distribution has an easily exploited memory-corruption bug that\u2019s been lurking for 12 years \u2013 a stunning revelation that\u2019s likely to be followed soon by in-the-wild exploits, researchers warn.\n\nSuccessful exploitation gives full root access to any unprivileged user.\n\nThe vulnerability \u2013 tracked as CVE-2021-4034, with a [CVSS criticality score of 7.8 \u2013 ](<https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-4034>)is found in [Polkit\u2019s pkexec function.](<https://access.redhat.com/security/vulnerabilities/RHSB-2022-001#:~:text=Pkexec%2C%20part%20of%20polkit%2C%20is,definitions%20using%20the%20setuid%20feature.>) Polkit (formerly PolicyKit) provides an organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged processes, Qualys explained, and can be used to execute commands with elevated privileges using the command pkexec, followed by the command intended to be executed (with root permission).\n\nQualys researchers, who discovered the long-dormant powder keg and named it PwnKit, said in a Tuesday [report](<https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/01/25/pwnkit-local-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-discovered-in-polkits-pkexec-cve-2021-4034>) that they developed a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit and obtained full root privileges on default installations of CentOS, Debian, Fedora and Ubuntu. They also believe that other Linux distributions are \u201clikely vulnerable and probably exploitable.\u201d\n\nIf there\u2019s one saving grace in this [Log4j](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-rampant-log4j-exploits-testing/177358/>)-esque, d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu situation, it\u2019s that PwnKit is a local privilege-escalation vulnerability. \u201cAny vulnerability that gives root access on a Linux system is bad. Fortunately, this vulnerability is a local exploit, which mitigates some risk,\u201d Yaniv Bar-Dayan, CEO and co-founder at Vulcan Cyber, told Threatpost on Wednesday.\n\nNonetheless, PwnKit is worrying security professionals at the topmost levels: a fact underscored by a tweet from Rob Joyce, National Security Agency (NSA) director, who [tweeted](<https://twitter.com/NSA_CSDirector/status/1486351130707865602?s=20>) on Wednesday that he\u2019s \u201cconcerned.\u201d\n\n> [#CVE](<https://twitter.com/hashtag/CVE?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)-2021-4034 in a system tool called Polkit has me concerned. Easy and reliable privilege escalation preinstalled on every major Linux distribution. Patch ASAP or use the simple chmod 0755 /usr/bin/pkexec mitigation. There are working POCs in the wild. <https://t.co/yUVz3lSKVT>\n> \n> \u2014 Rob Joyce (@NSA_CSDirector) [January 26, 2022](<https://twitter.com/NSA_CSDirector/status/1486351130707865602?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)\n\n## Antsy Researchers Jump the Gun\n\nA Qualys representative told Threatpost that, essentially, nobody has exploited the vulnerability in the wild \u2013 at least, not that Qualys knows about. \u201cBut the exploit was so trivial that Qualys decided not to publish it when the vulnerability was made public,\u201d the spokesperson said on Wednesday.\n\nHowever, although Qualys didn\u2019t release its PoC, other researchers outside of Qualys \u201cfigured out and published the exploit within hours of the disclosure going live,\u201d said the Qualys rep, pointing to a [post](<https://isc.sans.edu/diary//28272>) from somebody who claimed to have recreated the exploit, executing it on an Ubuntu 20.04 system.\n\nOthers tweeted their findings, including one of Threatpost\u2019s own Infosec Insiders, [John Hammond](<https://threatpost.com/author/johnhammond/>), researcher at Huntress:\n\n> Why compile, when you can just pipe curl to bash?? \ud83e\udd23\ud83d\ude02\ud83e\udd23CVE-2021-4034 [pic.twitter.com/zUBAFzMGZR](<https://t.co/zUBAFzMGZR>)\n> \n> \u2014 John Hammond (@_JohnHammond) [January 26, 2022](<https://twitter.com/_JohnHammond/status/1486143827262033920?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)\n\n> CVE-2021-4034, No idea how this went unnoticed for so long. Probably worse than the sudoedit bug. [pic.twitter.com/qoP3YB90bI](<https://t.co/qoP3YB90bI>)\n> \n> \u2014 Rajvardhan Agarwal (@r4j0x00) [January 25, 2022](<https://twitter.com/r4j0x00/status/1486075976207712256?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)\n\n## \u2018Dream Come True\u2019 for Cyberattackers\n\n\u201cThis vulnerability is an attacker\u2019s dream come true,\u201d Qualys researchers [said](<https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/25/11>) on Wednesday, though \u201cnightmare\u201d is a better word for it when you\u2019re sitting on the security side of things.\n\nThey offered reasons why attackers are probably misty-eyed right now:\n\n * pkexec has been vulnerable since its creation, in May 2009;\n * Any unprivileged local user can exploit this vulnerability to obtain full root privileges;\n * Although this vulnerability is technically a memory corruption, it is exploitable instantly, reliably, in an architecture-independent way; and\n * It\u2019s exploitable even if the Polkit daemon itself is not running.\n\n\u201cThis vulnerability allows any unprivileged user to gain full root privileges on a vulnerable host by exploiting this vulnerability in its default configuration,\u201d Bharat Jogi, director of vulnerability and threat research at Qualys, [said](<https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/01/25/pwnkit-local-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-discovered-in-polkits-pkexec-cve-2021-4034>) in a Wednesday post, adding that the flaw \u201chas been hiding in plain sight for 12+ years and affects all versions of pkexec since its first version in May 2009.\u201d\n\nPolkit also supports non-Linux operating systems such as Solaris and *BSD, but Qualys hasn\u2019t yet investigated their exploitability. Researchers said that OpenBSD is not exploitable, \u201cbecause its kernel refuses to execve() a program if argc is 0.\u201d\n\n## Technical Details\n\nQualys has provided some technical details, though as mentioned, it\u2019s abstained from sharing its PoC before patches become widely available.\n\nIn a nutshell, an out-of-bounds write vulnerability allows for re-introduction of an \u201cunsecure\u201d environment variable (for example, LD_PRELOAD) into pkexec\u2019s environment, the researchers explained.\n\n\u201cThese \u2018unsecure\u2019 variables are normally removed (by ld.so) from the environment of SUID programs before the main() function is called,\u201d they said.\n\nQualys shared the following video, which demonstrates a potential exploit path.\n\n## Patch or Mitigate ASAP\n\nIt\u2019s unclear how long it will take for distros to address the issue; but Qualys said that it expects vendors to release patches sooner rather than later. Most Linux distributions are in the process of releasing patches or have documented temporary mitigations, including [Red Hat](<https://access.redhat.com/security/vulnerabilities/RHSB-2022-001>), [Debian](<https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-4034>) and [Ubuntu](<https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-4034>).\n\nQualys also recommended that users make haste in patching as soon as those patches are available.\n\n\u201cGiven the breadth of the attack surface for this vulnerability across both Linux and non-Linux OS, Qualys recommends that users apply patches for this vulnerability immediately,\u201d its researchers advised.\n\nGiven the ease of exploit, Qualys also expects public exploits to become available quick-time:\n\n\u201cWe anticipate public exploits to become available within a few days of this blog\u2019s post date,\u201d researchers said on Tuesday.\n\nIf there aren\u2019t patches already available for a given operating system, there\u2019s this mitigation: \u201cRemove the SUID-bit from pkexec as a temporary mitigation,\u201d Qualys suggested, giving this example:\n\n# chmod 0755 /usr/bin/pkexec\n\n## Latest Example of the Need for SBOMs\n\nGreg Fitzgerald, co-founder, Sevco Security, noted to Threatpost that these types of bugs \u2013 ones that have been lurking in networks for more than a decade \u2013 can create serious problems for security teams, who often don\u2019t even know where to find all the instances of a newly problematic piece of their infrastructure.\n\nStop us if you\u2019ve heard this one before, but Pkexec \u2013 just like the similarly open-source Apache Log4j logging library that\u2019s still rocking the internet \u2013 is ubiquitous across many enterprises.\n\nFitzgerald said that the priority for organizations right now \u201chas to be patching Linux machines across the enterprise.\u201d\n\nThat is, the priority is to patch all machines that IT and security teams know about, he pointed out. Unfortunately, and this gets back to the screaming need for [software bills of material](<https://threatpost.com/2022-software-bill-of-materials/177736/>) (SBOMs), \u201cthere are not many companies with an accurate IT asset inventory that dates back more than a decade,\u201d Fitzgerald understated.\n\nThus, even if an organization patches all of the machines they\u2019re aware of, they could still be susceptible to the PwnKit vulnerability because they lack an accurate inventory of their IT assets, Fitzgerald said: \u201cYou can\u2019t apply a patch to an asset you don\u2019t know is on your network. Abandoned and unknown IT assets are often the path of least resistance for malicious actors trying to access your network or data.\u201d\n\n## Open-Source Bugs: Good, Bad & Badder\n\nVulcan Cyber\u2019s Bar-Dayan called the open-source software model a two-edged blade: \u201cOn one side, everyone can look at the code and audit it to identify and patch vulnerabilities. On the other side, threat actors can look at the code and find subtle issues that everyone else has missed,\u201d he explained. \u201cThe advantages of this model have historically outweighed the disadvantages, with many eyes on the code and patches frequently appearing very rapidly after a vulnerability comes to light.\u201d\n\nHe sees a future where auditing will help to catch and correct vulnerabilities before they\u2019re used in the wild \u2013 a future that also entails improved integration with vulnerability and patch management tools that will make open-source-software-based systems even more secure and easy to maintain.\n\nOn the blade\u2019s flip side of open-source is that there\u2019s no one vendor holding the bag. Bud Broomhead, CEO at Viakoo, provider of automated IoT cyber-hygiene, told Threatpost that the fact that pkexec is an open-source component makes this bug \u201ca big deal.\u201d\n\nAfter all, there\u2019s no one vendor to blame, and no one vendor to turn to for a fix: \u201cUnlike fully proprietary systems where a single manufacturer can issue a single patch to address a vulnerability, a single open-source vulnerability can be present in multiple systems (including proprietary ones) which then requires multiple manufacturers to separately develop, test, and distribute a patch,\u201d Broomhead said.\n\nThat adds \u201cenormous time and complexity\u201d for both the manufacturer and end user when it comes to implementing a security fix for a known vulnerability, he added.\n\nThis tangled net makes open-source systems extremely attractive to threat actors. \u201cVulnerabilities that exploit open-source systems (like the recent Log4j vulnerability) require patches and updates to be developed by multiple device or system manufacturers, and threat actors are betting on some manufacturers being slow in releasing fixes and some end users being slow in updating their devices,\u201d Broomhead noted.\n\nBesides mandatory SBOMs, Broomhead said that the future has got to entail automated deployment of security fixes and extending [zero trust](<https://threatpost.com/zero-trust-future-security-risks/177502/>) to IoT and operational technology (OT) systems.\n\nHe ticked off the improvements that those three things would usher in: \u201cHaving clarity over what is in a software distribution via an SBOM makes finding vulnerable systems easier,\u201d he enumerated. \u201cAutomated implementation of security fixes is needed to address the scale issue, both number and geography, especially with IoT systems. And extending zero trust to IoT/OT devices can add additional security to prevent vulnerabilities from being exploited.\u201d\n\n## This Won\u2019t Be the Last Horror Show\n\nAs with proprietary, so it goes with open-source: The parade of new technologies never stops. That parade ushers in new vulnerabilities and problems, as noted by John Bambenek, principal threat hunter at Netenrich.\n\n\u201cCompromised infrastructure is particularly useful to attackers who wish to use someone else\u2019s resources to launch their attacks or otherwise obfuscate their identities,\u201d Bambenek told Threatpost. \u201cWe will keep adopting new technologies in the Linux world that will introduce new vulnerabilities and problems for organizations. We are only just now getting our hands around cloud asset management, and asset management is essentially the first step of any security program.\u201d\n\n_**This article was updated at 1 p.m. ET on Jan. 26, 2022, with information about in-the-wild exploits and the lack thereof.**_\n\n_**Check out our free **_[_**upcoming live and on-demand online town halls**_](<https://threatpost.com/category/webinars/>)_** \u2013 unique, dynamic discussions with cybersecurity experts and the Threatpost community.**_\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2022-01-26T17:52:49", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Ubiquitous Linux Bug: \u2018An Attacker\u2019s Dream Come True\u2019", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-26T17:52:49", "id": "THREATPOST:230359D6313D2DAA0A30AD345E823634", "href": "https://threatpost.com/linux-bug-in-all-major-distros-an-attackers-dream-come-true/177996/", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}], "oraclelinux": [{"lastseen": "2022-02-10T00:00:00", "description": "[0.115-13.0.1]\n- Increase timeout to avoid defunct processes [Orabug: 26930744]\n[0.115-13.el8_5.1]\n- pkexec: argv overflow results in local privilege esc.\n- Resolves: CVE-2021-4034", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-25T00:00:00", "type": "oraclelinux", "title": "polkit security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-25T00:00:00", "id": "ELSA-2022-0267", "href": "http://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2022-0267.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-02-10T00:00:00", "description": "[0.96-11.0.1.el6_10.1]\n- pkexec: local privilege escalation [Orabug: 33789506][CVE-2021-4034]", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-28T00:00:00", "type": "oraclelinux", "title": "polkit security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-28T00:00:00", "id": "ELSA-2022-9073", "href": "http://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2022-9073.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-02-10T00:00:00", "description": "[0.112-26.0.1]\n- Increase timeout to avoid defunct processes [Orabug: 26930744]\n[0.112-26.1]\n- pkexec: argv overflow results in local privilege esc.\n- Resolves: CVE-2021-4034", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-25T00:00:00", "type": "oraclelinux", "title": "polkit security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-25T00:00:00", "id": "ELSA-2022-0274", "href": "http://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2022-0274.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "checkpoint_security": [{"lastseen": "2023-04-20T06:07:59", "description": "Symptoms\n\n * A Local Privilege Escalation (from any user to root) was discovered in polkit's pkexec, a SUID-root program that is installed by default on every major Linux distribution. The vulnerability allows unprivileged users to run commands as privileged users according to predefined policies. For more information, see [CVE-2021-4034](<https://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt>)\n\nSolution\n\nCheck Point's distribution does not include pkexec. \n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-29T20:41:56", "type": "checkpoint_security", "title": "Check Point's Response to CVE-2021-4034 - Local Privilege Escalation in polkit's pkexec ", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-29T20:41:56", "id": "CPS:SK177683", "href": "https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doGoviewsolutiondetails=&solutionid=sk177683", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "centos": [{"lastseen": "2023-05-24T10:28:16", "description": "**CentOS Errata and Security Advisory** CESA-2022:0274\n\n\nThe polkit packages provide a component for controlling system-wide privileges. This component provides a uniform and organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged ones.\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\n* polkit: Local privilege escalation in pkexec due to incorrect handling of argument vector (CVE-2021-4034)\n\nFor more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.\n\n**Merged security bulletin from advisories:**\nhttps://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2022-January/073552.html\n\n**Affected packages:**\npolkit\npolkit-devel\npolkit-docs\n\n**Upstream details at:**\nhttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0274", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-26T20:42:52", "type": "centos", "title": "polkit security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-26T20:42:52", "id": "CESA-2022:0274", "href": "https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2022-January/073552.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "debian": [{"lastseen": "2023-05-24T15:24:14", "description": "- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\nDebian Security Advisory DSA-5059-1 security@debian.org\nhttps://www.debian.org/security/ Salvatore Bonaccorso\nJanuary 25, 2022 https://www.debian.org/security/faq\n- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nPackage : policykit-1\nCVE ID : CVE-2021-4034\n\nThe Qualys Research Labs discovered a local privilege escalation in\nPolicyKit's pkexec.\n\nDetails can be found in the Qualys advisory at\nhttps://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt\n\nFor the oldstable distribution (buster), this problem has been fixed\nin version 0.105-25+deb10u1.\n\nFor the stable distribution (bullseye), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 0.105-31+deb11u1.\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your policykit-1 packages.\n\nFor the detailed security status of policykit-1 please refer to its\nsecurity tracker page at:\nhttps://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/policykit-1\n\nFurther information about Debian Security Advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: https://www.debian.org/security/\n\nMailing list: debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-25T17:46:09", "type": "debian", "title": "[SECURITY] [DSA 5059-1] policykit-1 security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-25T17:46:09", "id": "DEBIAN:DSA-5059-1:3D2FB", "href": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2022/msg00024.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "qualysblog": [{"lastseen": "2022-11-11T02:06:51", "description": "Day two of QSC profiled the special launch of the Qualys Threat Research Unit, TRU. Taking the audience through a madcap tour of what the threat research unit is doing to provide intelligence and actionable insights into its census was Travis Smith, VP of Qualys Threat Research Unit. \n\nHe dove deep into the group\u2019s manifesto around how advanced technologies are revolutionizing lives and economies around the world, all while cyber threats are growing at a similar pace - endangering access to the services that improve lives everywhere. Smith detailed the thousands of threats that appear across Qualys\u2019 sensor network and how the company empowers others with the research into these insights. Essentially, TRU works to secure and defend the digital world from bad actors who create chaos and erode trust. \n\nFrom building vulnerability signatures, writing detection rules, researching and finding zero days, finding and reversing custom malware, reducing attack surface exposure and other advanced threat research activities - TRU works day and night to protect the digital world. \n\n\n\nSmith reviewed the 2022 threat landscape, highlighting the latest vulnerabilities discovered (21,825 so far this year, on track to surpass previous year totals), and mentioned that 132 of them have weaponized exploits. This includes vulnerabilities that are leveraged by malware, ransomware, threat actors and known exploits that have been reported to CISA. He compared two of the vulnerabilities, one that made use of manual patching methods to take an average of 70 days to remediate, and one that made use of automated methods and took only 28 days on average to fix. Clearly emphasizing how leveraging automation to reduce time to remediation (MTTR) is effective and necessary in reducing your exposure. \n\nTRU has been busy finding failing cloud service configurations and poor endpoint password hygiene (both are some of the common causes of ransomware attacks), among other issues. They have also been participating in a wide variety of industry outreach and threat sharing, including providing more than 150 open-source scripts that were published to GitHub as well as contributing to the MITRE ATT&CK project. TRU also produces a series of webinars once around each monthly Microsoft Patch Tuesday announcement that discusses all kinds of vulnerabilities \u2013 not just the ones that Microsoft disclosed \u2013 and another that is called Threat Thursdays. \n\nThe team conducts and executes innovative research, discovery and responsible disclosure of new and critical vulnerabilities in popular software applications. The discovery of these vulnerabilities is always exceedingly difficult and results from thorough audits over a period of multiple months - which often result in industry awards and recognition like the internet-shaking vulnerability,[ PwnKit](<https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/01/25/pwnkit-local-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-discovered-in-polkits-pkexec-cve-2021-4034>) that was dormant for many years before its discovery. \n\nSmith showcased a typical vulnerability discovery timeline and outlined how adversaries have the advantage, especially if it takes defenders longer than 35 days to remediate and remove the malware. That coupled with lags in refreshing hardware and software along with manual patching methods ultimately means trouble \u2026 especially when an enterprise tolerates risky configurations. He noted that there has been exponential growth in vulnerabilities, but also suggested ways to make the playing field more advantageous for defenders. This includes timely remediation, eliminating software misconfigurations and removing old hardware and software. It also helps to \u201cknow thy enemy and understand their top attack techniques and tools, such as how they deploy remote access, perform network and asset reconnaissance, employ hacking kits and password stealers and ransomware.\u201d \n\nSo, what\u2019s next? Well, TRU has big plans. The team is looking to build a live threat dashboard and improve their threat intelligence product so that threats are cross-referenced with various insights and sightings about the malware using each threat. In a world where bad actors are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and almost weekly, discover and exploit vulnerabilities in widely used programs \u2013 research teams like TRU serve an incredibly vital purpose in protecting IT infrastructure and critical data.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-11-11T01:28:25", "type": "qualysblog", "title": "QSC 2022: Qualys\u2019 Threat Research Unit (TRU) \u2013 Our Shield Is Your Shield", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-11-11T01:28:25", "id": "QUALYSBLOG:7F19C99C26AC79AB710FB1F474F06D2F", "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/vulnerabilities-threat-research", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "saint": [{"lastseen": "2023-05-17T16:28:18", "description": "Added: 01/27/2022 \nCVE: [CVE-2021-4034](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2021-4034>) \n\n\n### Background\n\n[Polkit](<https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/polkit/polkit>) is a Linux package for handling policies that allow unprivileged processes to communicate with privileged processes. It includes a tool called `**pkexec**` that allows the user to execute commands as another user according to the polkit policy. \n\n### Problem\n\nA privilege elevation vulnerability in `**pkexec**` allows local unprivileged users to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. \n\n### Resolution\n\nUpgrade to Polkit 0.121 or higher when available, or apply a fix from your Linux vendor. \n\n### References\n\n<https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-4034> \n<https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/polkit/polkit/-/issues/166> \n\n\n### Limitations\n\nExploit requires an existing unprivileged shell connection to the target. \n\n### Platforms\n\nLinux \n \n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-01-27T00:00:00", "type": "saint", "title": "Polkit pkexec privilege elevation", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-4034"], "modified": "2022-01-27T00:00:00", "id": "SAINT:37E5828DD62381E42964C3B365DB218A", "href": "https://my.saintcorporation.com/cgi-bin/exploit_info/polkit_pkexec_priv_elev", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "ibm": [{"lastseen": "2023-05-23T17:56:50", "description": "## Summary\n\nThere is a privilege escalation vulnerability in Polkit which is used by IBM\u00ae QRadar SIEM indirectly as a dependency.\n\n## Vulnerability Details\n\n** CVEID: **[CVE-2021-4034](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2021-4034>) \n** DESCRIPTION: **Polkit could allow a local authenticated attacker to gain elevated privileges on the system, caused by incorrect handling of the argument vectors in the pkexec utility. By crafting environment variables in a specific way, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute commands with root privileges. \nCVSS Base score: 7.8 \nCVSS Temporal Score: See: [ https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/218087](<https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/218087>) for the current score. \nCVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)\n\n## Affected Products and Versions\n\nIBM QRadar SIEM 7.5.0 GA\n\nIBM QRadar SIEM 7.4.3 GA - 7.4.3 Fix Pack 4\n\nIBM QRadar SIEM 7.3.3 GA - 7.3.3 Fix Pack 10\n\n \n\n\n## Remediation/Fixes\n\n[QRadar / QRM / QVM / QRIF / QNI 7.5.0 Update Pack 1](<https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/swg/downloadFixes?parent=IBM%20Security&product=ibm/Other+software/IBM+Security+QRadar+Vulnerability+Manager&release=All&platform=All&function=fixId&fixids=7.5.0-QRADAR-QRSIEM-20220215133427&includeRequisites=1&includeSupersedes=0&downloadMethod=http&source=SAR> \"QRadar / QRM / QVM / QRIF / QNI 7.5
PwnKit: Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability Discovered in polkit’s pkexec (CVE-2021-4034)
