EnBw SENEC Legacy Storage Box Exposed Interface

`Advisory ID: Ph0s-2023-005  
Product: EnBw - SENEC legacy storage box: V1-V3  
Manufacturer: SENEC - a part of EnBw  
Affected Version(s): Firmware: all (as of 2023-06-19)  
Tested Version(s): current  
Vulnerability Type: CWE-923: Improper Restriction of Communication   
  
Channel to Intended Endpoints  
  
  
Risk Level:   
  
CVSS v3.1 Vector:  
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L (7.4 High)  
  
Manufacturer Risk Level Rating:  
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:H/RL:T/RC:C  
Overall CVSS Score: 7.2  
  
Solution Status: Fixed  
Manufacturer Notification: 2023-06-05  
Public Disclosure: 2023-11-01  
CVE Reference: CCVE-2023-39171  
Author of Advisory: Ph0s[4], R0ckE7  
  
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Overview:  
Foreword:   
  
This vulnerability was reported to the enbw-cert. we would like to  
thank enbw-cert for taking care of the vulns and patch the systems.  
we decided to publish when most of the reported vulns are patched  
to make sure nobody is harmed when 3rdparys exploit the mentioned vulns.   
  
  
  
About Senec:  
We are SENEC  
  
We have been the EnBW energy independence experts since 2018 – but we have  
put our heart and soul into guiding customers on the route to independence  
since SENEC was founded in 2009. Our passion lies in actively promoting the  
energy transition with innovative ideas and pioneering products. And,   
  
because we don’t do things by halves, our unwavering ambition is to create  
integrated solutions that enable you to enjoy the highest possible degree  
of independence and sustainability through self-generation of solar   
  
electricity.  
  
About SENEC Home:  
  
SENEC.Home: The smart electricity storage device for your home  
  
SENEC.Home is the heart of the your sustainable, affordable supply of solar  
electricity. The smart battery storage device stores excess electricity   
  
generated by your PV system so that you can use it when you need it – such as  
when your household’s energy consumption rises in the evening, or on rainy days  
when your PV system generates less power.  
  
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Vulnerability Details:  
  
The management interface of the SENEC.Inverter is publicly accessible via the  
Internet. This circumstance is recommended by the manufacturer and customers are  
advised to open the necessary ports to enable remote maintenance.  
As a result, anyone who manages to detect and successfully exploit security  
vulnerabilities in SENEC.Inverter, for instance the authors of this report, can  
access and compromise all devices available on the internet without   
  
restrictions. To achieve this,it is possible to use an IoT search engine such as  
Shodan to automatically obtain an up-to-date list of IP addresses of all devices  
in just a few seconds.  
  
Besides Shodan, there are other IoT search engines such as Censys or ZoomEye to  
complement the list even further.  
Consequently, it is very easy for an attacker to develop an exploit script for  
the automated compromise of all SENEC.Inverter devices, e.g. to simul-  
taneously shut down all appliances or to damage them through a targeted  
overload. For this purpose, only the hard-coded credentials previously   
  
identified in findings CVE-2023-39168 and CVE-2023-39169 need to be used in  
conjunction with SENEC.Inverter’s built-in API.  
  
********************************************************************************  
  
Proof of Concept (PoC):  
  
The attack consists of the following steps:  
  
1. use the shodan dork to obtain management-interfaces.  
(no longer valid, patched by manufacturer)  
  
  
https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.html%3A%3Ctitle%3ESENEC%3C%2Ftitle%  
3E  
  
  
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Solution:  
Patched by Manufacturer  
(Rolled out until September 11, 2023)  
  
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  
  
Disclosure Timeline:  
  
2022-06-01: Vulnerability discovered  
2023-06-05: Vulnerability reported to manufacturer  
2023-09-11: Patch rollout by manufacturer to affected devices  
2023-11-01: Public disclosure of vulnerability  
  
  
************************************************************************  
  
Researcher:  
Ph0s[4], R0ckE7  
  
************************************************************************  
  
Disclaimer:  
  
The information provided in this security advisory is provided "as is"  
and without warranty of any kind. Details of this security advisory may  
be updated in order to provide as accurate information as possible.   
  
  
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Copyright:  
  
Creative Commons - Attribution (by) - Version 4.0  
URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en  
`