Barracuda LB / SVF / WAF / WEF Cross Site Scripting

`Title:  
======  
Barracuda LB, SVF, WAF & WEF - Multiple Vulnerabilities  
  
  
Date:  
=====  
2013-07-18  
  
  
References:  
===========  
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=727  
  
Note: The issue was part of the official Barracuda Networks Bug Bounty Program.  
  
  
VL-ID:  
=====  
727  
  
  
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:  
====================================  
4.1  
  
  
Introduction:  
=============  
The Barracuda Web Filter is an integrated content filtering, application blocking and malware protection   
solution that is powerful, easy to use and affordable for businesses of all sizes. It enforces Internet   
usage policies by blocking access to Web sites and Internet applications that are not related to business,   
and it easily and completely eliminates spyware and other forms of malware from your organization. No more   
productivity loss trying to repair computers or make computers usable again.  
  
Blocks access to Web sites based on domain, URL pattern, or content category  
Blocks downloads based on file type  
Blocks applications that access the Internet, including IM, music services, and software update utilities  
Integrates with safe search filters built into popular images search engines  
Provides integrated gateway and desktop spyware protection  
Uses Barracuda Web Security Agents compatible with Windows PC’s and Macs to enforce Internet policies on off-network computers  
  
The Barracuda Web Filter combines preventative, reactive, and proactive measures to form a complete Web   
filtering solution. Designed for the enterprise, the Barracuda Web Filter enables you to set up custom policies   
for particular users and groups across customizable time ranges. The Barracuda Web Filter integrates with popular   
LDAP directory servers, such as Microsoft Active Directory, for both authentication and group membership   
information on which to apply custom policies. Sample uses of group policies include:  
  
Restricting access to job board Web sites to only the Human Resources group  
Defining separate policies for teachers and students at a school  
Enabling compliance officers unrestricted access to the Web for investigation  
Providing external instant messaging (e.g., AIM) access only to specific users or groups  
Restricting personal Web browsing to non-working hours  
  
For organizations that do not utilize directory servers, policies can be defined for unauthenticated users as a whole,   
locally defined users and groups, or network IP address ranges.  
  
(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/web-filter-overview.php )  
  
  
The Barracuda Email Security Service is a comprehensive and affordable cloud-based email security service that protects   
both inbound and outbound email against the latest spam, viruses, worms, phishing and denial of service attacks. Barracuda   
Email Security Service also includes email encryption and Data Loss Prevention features.  
  
The Barracuda Email Security Service leverages advanced security technologies from the industry-leading Barracuda Spam & Virus   
Firewall and features rich multiple cloud-based protection:  
  
Rate control and Denial of Service (DoS) protection  
Reputation-based blocking from known spam and malware sources  
Anti-virus, featuring the patent-pending Barracuda Anti-Virus Supercomputing Grid  
Anti-phishing, using the Barracuda Anti-Fraud Intelligence  
Protection against spam, phishing, fraud and emails with other malicious intent  
Custom sender/recipient policy  
  
Comprehensive Protection  
Spam and viruses are blocked in the cloud prior to delivery to the customer, saving network bandwidth and providing additional   
Denial of Service protection. In addition to network bandwidth savings, cloud-based filtering offloads any processing required   
for spam and virus filtering from the email server. By leveraging the compute capacity available in the cloud, patent-pending   
Barracuda Anti-Virus Supercomputing Grid not only detects new outbreaks similar to known viruses, it also identifies new threats   
for which signatures have never existed.  
  
(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: https://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/bess_overview.php )  
  
  
  
The Barracuda Web Application Firewall is a complete and powerful security solution for Web applications and Web sites.   
The Barracuda Web Application Firewall provides award-winning protection against hackers leveraging protocol or   
application vulnerabilities to instigate data theft, denial of service or defacement of your Web site.  
  
* Protection against common attacks  
* Outbound data theft protection  
* Web site cloaking  
* Granular policies  
* Secure HTTP traffic  
* SSL Offloading  
* SSL Acceleration  
* Load Balancing  
  
The Barracuda Web Application Firewall protects Web applications and Web services from malicious attacks, and can also increase   
the performance and scalability of these applications. The Barracuda Web Application Firewall offers every capability needed to   
deliver, secure and manage enterprise Web applications from a single appliance through an intuitive, real-time user interface.  
  
* Single point of protection for inbound and outbound traffic for all Web applications  
* Protects Web sites and Web applications against application layer attacks  
* Delivers best practices security right out of the box  
* Monitors traffic and provides reports about attackers and attack attempts  
  
The Barracuda Web Application Firewall provides award-winning protection from all common attacks on Web applications, including   
SQL injections, cross-site scripting attacks, session tampering and buffer overflows. Many applications are vulnerable to such   
attacks because application developers do not consistently employ secure coding practices. Barracuda Web Application Firewall is   
designed to combat all attack types that have been categorized as significant threats, including:  
  
* Cross Site Scripting (XSS)  
* SQL injection flaws  
* OS command injections  
* Site reconnaissance  
* Session hijacking  
* Application denial of service   
* Malicious probes/crawlers   
* Cookie/session tampering   
* Path traversal  
* Information leakage  
...  
  
(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/web-site-firewall-overview.php)  
  
  
Abstract:  
=========  
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered multiple persistent vulnerabilities in the official Barracuda Product Series   
of the Load Balancer, Web Firewall, Web Filter and Spam & Virus Firewall.   
  
  
Report-Timeline:  
================  
2012-10-18: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri)  
2012-10-19: Vendor Notification (Barracuda Networks Security Team - Bug Bounty Program)  
2012-10-21: Vendor Response/Feedback (Barracuda Networks Security Team - Bug Bounty Program)  
2013-04-30: Vendor Fix/Patch (Barracuda Networks Developer Team) [Coordination: Dave Farrow]  
2013-07-18: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)  
  
  
Status:  
========  
Published  
  
  
Affected Products:  
==================  
Barracuda Networks  
Product: Load Balancer 4.2.0.015 Modell 640  
  
Barracuda Networks  
Product: Spam & Virus Firewall 5.1.1.006 Modell 600  
  
Barracuda Networks  
Product: Web Filter 6.0.0.013 Modell 910  
  
Barracuda Networks  
Product: Web Firewall 7.7.0.020 Modell 650  
  
  
Exploitation-Technique:  
=======================  
Remote  
  
  
Severity:  
=========  
High  
  
  
Details:  
========  
Multiple persistent input validation vulnerabilities are detected in the official Barracuda Product Series of the Load Balancer,   
Web Firewall, Web Filter and Spam & Virus Firewall. The web vulnerabilities allow remote attackers to implement/inject malicious   
script code on the application side (persistent).   
  
The persistent web vulnerability is located in the certificate management listing module with the bound vulnerable certificate common   
name, certificate name & services name parameters. The vulnerability can be exploited by customers to execute script code in the   
certificate management module listing. The remote attackers can import a own generated ssl pem certificates with manipulated name,   
service and common certificate name. The injected script code of the pem certificate get executed from the main certificate listing   
when processing to display the malicious stored script code context.   
  
The bug is located in different sections of the web firewall, load balancer, spam and virus firewall or the new web filter. Affected by   
the vulnerable input are the Available Certificates, Edit Certificates, Trusted Hosts > Certificates, Saved Certificates  
and the Save Token Certificate Name listings.  
  
Exploitation of the vulnerabilities requires a low privilege application user account and low or medium user interaction.  
Successful exploitation of the vulnerabilities can lead to session hijacking (manager/admin) or stable (persistent) context manipulation.   
Exploitation of the vulnerability requires low or medium user interaction & low or medium privilege web application user account.  
  
  
Vulnerable Module(s):  
[+] Web Filter & Web Firewall - Advanced (Extended) > SSL Inspection > Certificate Creation [x] CHECK > Zertifikat Generierung  
[+] Spam & Virus - Sicherheitsverwaltung > Konfiguration der SSL-Zertifikate > Trusted (Bestätigt durch CA)  
[+] Spam & Virus - Sicherheitsverwaltung > Certificate Signing Request (CSR) > Edit Data Listing  
[+] Load Balancer - Zertifikat Generierung (INDEX)  
  
Vulnerable Parameter(s):  
[+] Certificate Name  
[+] Certificate Service  
[+] Certificates - Common Name  
  
Affected Section(s):  
[+] Available Certificates - LISTING  
[+] Edit Certificates - LISTING  
[+] Trusted Hosts > Certificates - LISTING  
[+] Saved Certificates - LISTING  
[+] Save Token Certificate Name - LISTING  
  
  
Proof of Concept:  
=================  
The vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers with low or medium privilege application user account and with low or medium   
user interaction. For demonstration or reproduce ...  
  
  
Review: Save Token - Certificate Name [index.cgi-save_token-listing]  
  
<tr><td valign="top"><table class="config_module_inner" summary="Config Module" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">  
<tbody>  
<tr class="config_module_tr" id="config_module_row_1">  
<td valign="top" width="15"> </td>  
<td valign="top" width="200">Certificate</td>  
<td valign="top" width="250">[<PERSISTENT MALICIOUS INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>]</td>  
</tr>  
  
  
Reference(s): (Insert)  
http://waf.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?auth_type=Local&et=1350361913&locale=de_DE&password=5f879645e0954166ac51efe3be737a2a  
&user=benjamin&primary_tab=BASIC&secondary_tab=server_certs  
  
http://waf.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=5f8796456ac51efe3be737a2a&et=1350361913&primary_tab=BASIC&content_only=1  
&new_secondary_tab=server_certs&auth_type=Local&user=benjamin&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=create_certificate_details&ispopup=1  
&parent_name=server_certs&popup_width=800&popup_height=500  
  
Reference(s): (Affected)  
http://waf.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=fb911a7a8bebac208fcab7e79e5&et=1350361362&primary_tab=BASIC&new_secondary_tab=server_certs&  
serial=50943090&auth_type=Local&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=save_pkcs_token&content_only=1&index=md5skeqylXIOusxkfzaKf19VQ&user=guest  
&type=server_cert_external&ispopup=1&parent_name=certificates&popup_width=650&popup_height=200  
  
  
  
  
Review: Available Certificates - Certificate Name [index.cgi-available_certificates-listing]  
  
class="config_module_tr" id="config_module_row_1">  
<td valign="top" width="15"> </td>  
<td valign="top" width="210"><div id="helpbox"><b class="outlinetop">  
<b class="outline1"></b>  
<b class="outline2"></b>  
<b class="outline3"></b>  
<b class="outline4"></b></b>  
<div id="contents"><div><[<MALICIOUS PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>]"></div></div>  
  
  
Reference(s): (Insert)  
http://webfilter.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?auth_type=Local&et=1350718546&locale=de_DE&password=0da45d48882cac50687e539e6  
&primary_tab=ADVANCED&secondary_tab=ssl_certificates&user=benjamin  
  
  
  
  
Reference(s): (Affected)   
  
Sicherheitsverwaltung > Certificate Signing Request (CSR) > Edit Data Listing  
  
http://spam4.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=fb85b10f5d66b87b1194fef&et=1350572565&primary_tab=ADVANCED&  
content_only=1&new_secondary_tab=ssl&auth_type=Local&user=benjamin&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=create_csr&ispopup=1&  
parent_name=ssl&popup_width=900&popup_height=455  
  
Sicherheitsverwaltung > Konfiguration der SSL-Zertifikate > Trusted (Bestätigt durch CA)  
  
http://spam4.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?&user=benjamin&password=06577ccae825950cd833027d&et=1350572515&auth_type=Local&locale=de_DE  
&primary_tab=ADVANCED&secondary_tab=ssl  
  
  
  
  
Review: Saved Certificates - Listing (Name)  
  
<td style="width: 220px;"><div style="padding-left:30px"><img src="index.cgi-Dateien/cert.png" align="bottom"   
border="0"> <a title=""><<MALICIOUS PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>;)" <"="">"><<MALICIOUS PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>") <</a></div></td>  
  
  
Reference(s): (Insert)  
  
Zertifikat Generierung (INDEX)  
http://balancer.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=66690cf1f1f6ad9f097e077355a&et=1350476026&primary_tab=BASIC&content_only=3  
&new_secondary_tab=certificates&auth_type=Local&user=benjamin&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=create_certificate_details&ispopup=1  
&parent_name=certificates&popup_width=1000&popup_height=410  
  
  
PoC as Certificate (PEM):  
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----  
MIIFzjCCBLagAwIBAgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB+TELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUx  
JDAiBgNVBAgTG2lmcmFtZSBzcmNhIG9ubG9hZGFsZXJ0VkwgIDEkMCIGA1UEBxMb  
aWZyYW1lIHNyY2Egb25sb2FkYWxlcnRWTCAgMSUwIwYDVQQKExxpZnJhbWUgc3Jj  
YSBvbmxvYWRhbGVydFZMICAzMSUwIwYDVQQLExxpZnJhbWUgc3JjYSBvbmxvYWRh  
bGVydFZMICA0MSQwIgYDVQQDExtpZnJhbWVzcmNhb25sb2FkYWxlcnR2bGdvYWwx  
KjAoBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWG2FkbWluQHZ1bG5lcmFiaWxpdHktbGFiLmNvbTAeFw0x  
MjEwMTYwMzA0MjRaFw0xMzEwMTYwMzA0MjRaMIH5MQswCQYDVQQGEwJERTEkMCIG  
A1UECBMbaWZyYW1lIHNyY2Egb25sb2FkYWxlcnRWTCAgMSQwIgYDVQQHExtpZnJh  
bWUgc3JjYSBvbmxvYWRhbGVydFZMICAxJTAjBgNVBAoTHGlmcmFtZSBzcmNhIG9u  
bG9hZGFsZXJ0VkwgIDMxJTAjBgNVBAsTHGlmcmFtZSBzcmNhIG9ubG9hZGFsZXJ0  
VkwgIDQxJDAiBgNVBAMTG2lmcmFtZXNyY2FvbmxvYWRhbGVydHZsZ29hbDEqMCgG  
CSqGSIb3DQEJARYbYWRtaW5AdnVsbmVyYWJpbGl0eS1sYWIuY29tMIIBIjANBgkq  
hkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqE35D0H4uFm9Rzo27xGmFNcYG5YS2qfh  
sCzL2IUikMUFGlHpKtqzsy4AKh5eUoelqIiEJRkIowvLbUsD9aKkXiKz432btqir  
zJNBYwivm8kBkY/OMWJUFFU6GW8CGD6DW5jHaKuM8hO+TjmOyYzRvBQdcdIJLmr3  
4oQPIGMIAEu9GZ8BJIwqutuZOYS+WLjNh7nRx+IrhDOap4GGo/bRmDdzxD0hXD3A  
chSByxZrNDbqeH2kMybLQxqroOfsRO3hanqpAVIG/waLxPqwcvCgcRSYn89T7eEw  
+YiE39Zji79ISXipua8tJSN6PIgxFv0s1fNFe4hV0O4WEokV7jHyNwIDAQABo4IB  
XTCCAVkwHQYDVR0OBBYEFHIofDj443DxVAe03kF0TAXwEz4tMIIBKAYDVR0jBIIB  
HzCCARuAFHIofDj443DxVAe03kF0TAXwEz4toYH/pIH8MIH5MQswCQYDVQQGEwJE  
RTEkMCIGA1UECBMbaWZyYW1lIHNyY2Egb25sb2FkYWxlcnRWTCAgMSQwIgYDVQQH  
ExtpZnJhbWUgc3JjYSBvbmxvYWRhbGVydFZMICAxJTAjBgNVBAoTHGlmcmFtZSBz  
cmNhIG9ubG9hZGFsZXJ0VkwgIDMxJTAjBgNVBAsTHGlmcmFtZSBzcmNhIG9ubG9h  
ZGFsZXJ0VkwgIDQxJDAiBgNVBAMTG2lmcmFtZXNyY2FvbmxvYWRhbGVydHZsZ29h  
bDEqMCgGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYbYWRtaW5AdnVsbmVyYWJpbGl0eS1sYWIuY29tggEA  
MAwGA1UdEwQFMAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBABiGKfDora8sj8YWgnFb  
WNyvnkaah5Ds21nFaN5I3ReSPLDGEAdRYSI3K9g9LjHLIkyUT2kDChLXPnm6Gbuu  
BVGUKQpZV+ORbB5J1NvmFJlyCVU+3PmU5JFggmsuBRSI1sIsUvyVdRxeasnhlw7i  
ZwtWAz1D13+zfb60QZc+Ekvn2d2RKFQ5eWxGrlEZ3niRjcO9Jr/HVE66HTzf6AUn  
r1zcu/7IqNr9wI0I9cQx2lnR9GgpSP3gBH7F5SXw6b1dLvHVIgcnd62JzyJNrQ1B  
dQYTStsbK710ik9OKq86j8tgQ9Q0TdLh7t9KncRmlZtxZSeYkzM9j1vdDpSrMMHU  
3xU=  
-----END CERTIFICATE-----  
  
  
Solution:  
=========  
The vulnerabilities can be patched by parsing the affected (displayed) certificate value(s) output listing.  
Restrict and parse the input fields (function) of trusted and self signed certificates values to prevent future executions out of the certificate context.  
  
  
Risk:  
=====  
The security risk of the persistent input validation web vulnerabilities are estimated as high(-).  
  
  
Credits:  
========  
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri ([email protected])  
  
  
Disclaimer:  
===========  
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or trade with fraud/stolen material.  
  
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`