It was discovered that the overlayfs implementation in the Linux kernel did
not properly validate the application of file system capabilities with
respect to user namespaces. A local attacker could use this to gain
elevated privileges. (CVE-2021-3493)
Vincent Dehors discovered that the shiftfs file system in the Ubuntu Linux
kernel did not properly handle faults in copy_from_user() when passing
through ioctls to an underlying file system. A local attacker could use
this to cause a denial of service (memory exhaustion) or execute arbitrary
code. (CVE-2021-3492)