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Action View implements the view component.\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\n* It was discovered that Action View tag helpers did not escape quotes when using strings declared as HTML safe as attribute values. A remote attacker could use this flaw to conduct a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack. (CVE-2016-6316)\n\nRed Hat would like to thank the Ruby on Rails project for reporting this issue. Upstream acknowledges Andrew Carpenter (Critical Juncture) as the original reporter.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 6.1, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-09-13T09:50:58", "type": "redhat", "title": "(RHSA-2016:1856) Moderate: rh-ror41-rubygem-actionview security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2018-06-12T21:28:18", "id": "RHSA-2016:1856", "href": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1856", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "redhatcve": [{"lastseen": "2021-11-09T01:51:26", "description": "A flaw was found in the way Active Record handled certain special values in dynamic finders and relations. If a Ruby on Rails application performed JSON parameter parsing, a remote attacker could possibly manipulate search conditions in SQL queries generated by the application.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-08-12T06:18:38", "type": "redhatcve", "title": "CVE-2016-6317", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2021-11-08T23:52:14", "id": "RH:CVE-2016-6317", "href": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2016-6317", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-11-09T01:51:33", "description": "It was discovered that Action View tag helpers did not escape quotes when using strings declared as HTML safe as attribute values. A remote attacker could use this flaw to conduct a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 6.1, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-08-12T06:18:33", "type": "redhatcve", "title": "CVE-2016-6316", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2021-11-08T23:52:14", "id": "RH:CVE-2016-6316", "href": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2016-6316", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "osv": [{"lastseen": "2022-07-21T08:25:32", "description": "\nAndrew Carpenter of Critical Juncture discovered a cross-site scripting\nvulnerability affecting Action View in rails, a web application\nframework written in Ruby. Text declared as HTML safe will not have\nquotes escaped when used as attribute values in tag helpers.\n\n\nFor the stable distribution (jessie), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 2:4.1.8-1+deb8u4.\n\n\nFor the unstable distribution (sid), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 2:4.2.7.1-1.\n\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your rails packages.\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 6.1, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-08-25T00:00:00", "type": "osv", "title": "rails - security update", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2022-07-21T05:49:10", "id": "OSV:DSA-3651-1", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/DSA-3651-1", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-03-28T05:37:35", "description": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.22.3, 4.x before 4.2.7.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.1 might allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via text declared as \"HTML safe\" and used as attribute values in tag handlers.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2017-10-24T18:33:35", "type": "osv", "title": "actionview Cross-site Scripting vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2023-03-28T05:37:30", "id": "OSV:GHSA-PC3M-V286-2JWJ", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-pc3m-v286-2jwj", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-03-28T05:37:49", "description": "Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2017-10-24T18:33:35", "type": "osv", "title": "ActiveRecord in Ruby on Rails allows database-query bypass", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.4, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 4.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2023-03-28T05:37:47", "id": "OSV:GHSA-PR3R-4WRP-R2PV", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-pr3r-4wrp-r2pv", "cvss": {"score": 6.4, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-05T05:19:46", "description": "\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in ruby-actionpack-3.2, a\nweb-flow and rendering framework and part of Rails:\n\n\n* [CVE-2015-7576](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2015-7576)\nA flaw was found in the way the Action Controller component compared\n user names and passwords when performing HTTP basic\n authentication. Time taken to compare strings could differ depending\n on input, possibly allowing a remote attacker to determine valid user\n names and passwords using a timing attack.\n* [CVE-2016-0751](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-0751)\nA flaw was found in the way the Action Pack component performed MIME\n type lookups. Since queries were cached in a global cache of MIME\n types, an attacker could use this flaw to grow the cache indefinitely,\n potentially resulting in a denial of service.\n* [CVE-2016-0752](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-0752)\nA directory traversal flaw was found in the way the Action View\n component searched for templates for rendering. If an application\n passed untrusted input to the render method, a remote,\n unauthenticated attacker could use this flaw to render unexpected\n files and, possibly, execute arbitrary code.\n* [CVE-2016-2097](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-2097)\nCrafted requests to Action View might result in rendering files from\n arbitrary locations, including files beyond the application's view\n directory. This vulnerability is the result of an incomplete fix of\n [CVE-2016-0752](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-0752). \n This bug was found by Jyoti Singh and Tobias Kraze\n from Makandra.\n* [CVE-2016-2098](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-2098)\nIf a web applications does not properly sanitize user inputs, an\n attacker might control the arguments of the render method in a\n controller or a view, resulting in the possibility of executing\n arbitrary ruby code. This bug was found by Tobias Kraze from\n Makandra and joernchen of Phenoelit.\n* [CVE-2016-6316](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-6316)\nAndrew Carpenter of Critical Juncture discovered a cross-site\n scripting vulnerability affecting Action View. Text declared as HTML\n safe will not have quotes escaped when used as attribute values in\n tag helpers.\n\n\nFor Debian 7 Wheezy, these problems have been fixed in version\n3.2.6-6+deb7u3.\n\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your ruby-actionpack-3.2 packages.\n\n\nFurther information about Debian LTS security advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: <https://wiki.debian.org/LTS>\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-08-28T00:00:00", "type": "osv", "title": "ruby-actionpack-3.2 - security update", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2015-7576", "CVE-2016-0751", "CVE-2016-2098", "CVE-2016-0752", "CVE-2016-6316", "CVE-2016-2097"], "modified": "2022-08-05T05:19:42", "id": "OSV:DLA-604-1", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/DLA-604-1", "cvss": {"score": 7.5, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "debiancve": [{"lastseen": "2023-03-31T04:35:46", "description": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.22.3, 4.x before 4.2.7.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.1 might allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via text declared as \"HTML safe\" and used as attribute values in tag handlers.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-09-07T19:28:00", "type": "debiancve", "title": "CVE-2016-6316", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-09-07T19:28:00", "id": "DEBIANCVE:CVE-2016-6316", "href": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-6316", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-03-31T04:35:46", "description": "Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-09-07T19:28:00", "type": "debiancve", "title": "CVE-2016-6317", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2016-09-07T19:28:00", "id": "DEBIANCVE:CVE-2016-6317", "href": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-6317", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "cve": [{"lastseen": "2023-02-09T14:15:48", "description": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.22.3, 4.x before 4.2.7.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.1 might allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via text declared as \"HTML safe\" and used as attribute values in tag handlers.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-09-07T19:28:00", "type": "cve", "title": "CVE-2016-6316", "cwe": ["CWE-79"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2019-08-08T15:43:00", "cpe": ["cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.11", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:3.2.19", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.16", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:3.1.5", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.17", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:3.2.14", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.8", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.12", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.3", 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"cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.2.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.1.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.1.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:3.2.19:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.5:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.6:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.1.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}, {"lastseen": "2023-02-09T14:15:48", "description": "Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-09-07T19:28:00", "type": "cve", "title": "CVE-2016-6317", "cwe": ["CWE-284", "CWE-476"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2019-08-08T15:16:00", "cpe": ["cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5.1", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.4", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.3", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.6", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.2", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.7", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1", "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5.2"], "id": "CVE-2016-6317", "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-6317", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}, "cpe23": ["cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.7:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.6:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.3:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}], "freebsd": [{"lastseen": "2022-01-19T15:51:32", "description": "\n\nRuby Security team reports:\n\nThere is a possible XSS vulnerability in Action View. Text declared as \"HTML\nsafe\" will not have quotes escaped when used as attribute values in tag\nhelpers. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier\nCVE-2016-6316.\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 6.1, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-08-11T00:00:00", "type": "freebsd", "title": "Rails 4 -- Possible XSS Vulnerability in Action View", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-08-11T00:00:00", "id": "43F1C867-654A-11E6-8286-00248C0C745D", "href": "https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/43f1c867-654a-11e6-8286-00248c0c745d.html", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-01-19T15:51:32", "description": "\n\nRuby Security team reports:\n\nThere is a vulnerability when Active Record is used in conjunction with JSON\nparameter parsing. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier\nCVE-2016-6317. This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694\nand CVE-2013-0155.\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-08-11T00:00:00", "type": "freebsd", "title": "Rails 4 -- Unsafe Query Generation Risk in Active Record", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.4, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 4.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2016-08-11T00:00:00", "id": "7E61CF44-6549-11E6-8286-00248C0C745D", "href": "https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/7e61cf44-6549-11e6-8286-00248c0c745d.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.4, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N"}}], "threatpost": [{"lastseen": "2018-10-06T22:54:54", "description": "New versions of Libgcrypt and Gnu Privacy Guard (GnuPG or GPG) released on Wednesday include security fixes for vulnerabilities discovered in the mixing functions of the Libgcrypt random number generator.\n\nThe flaws were privately disclosed by Felix D\u00f6rre and Vladimir Klebanov of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany, and according to an [advisory](<http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2016-08/msg00008.html>) from the GnuPG Project, the bug has been in all GnuPG and Libgcrypt versions since 1998.\n\n\u201cAn attacker who obtains 4640 bits from the RNG can trivially predict the next 160 bits of output,\u201d said Werner Koch, who wrote GPG in 1997.\n\nGPG is a free implementation of OpenPGP, and is used by applications to encrypt and digitally sign data and communication between parties. Libgcrypt is the crypto library used by GPG since version 2.x.\n\nKoch wrote yesterday that all versions on all platforms are affected by the vulnerability.\n\n\u201cA first analysis on the impact of this bug in GnuPG shows that existing RSA keys are not weakened. For DSA and Elgamal keys it is also unlikely that the private key can be predicted from other public information,\u201d Koch wrote in the advisory. \u201cThis needs more research and I would suggest not to overhasty revoke keys.\u201d\n\nA request for additional comment from Koch was not returned in time for publication.\n\nUsers are advised to either wait for a vendor patch, or for home-grown applications using GPG 2.0.x or 2.1.x, Libgcrypt should be updated. For earlier versions of GPG such as 1.4.x, users are urged to immediately update to GPG 1.4.21.\n\nKoch\u2019s financial struggles in keeping GPG afloat were in the news more than a year ago after a [profile](<https://www.propublica.org/article/the-worlds-email-encryption-software-relies-on-one-guy-who-is-going-broke>) in Pro Publica. At the time, the project was running out of money after a fund-raising effort raised $43,000, well short of the $137,000 Koch was hoping for. Koch wanted the money to boost his own salary and hire a developer.\n\nShortly after the Pro Publica article went live, donations poured in to GPG to the tune of [\u20ac120,000 from the Core Infrastructure Initiative and individual donors](<https://threatpost.com/security-tech-communities-rally-to-support-gnupg/110894/>).\n\n\u201cAs the main author of GnuPG, I like to thank everyone for supporting the project, be it small or large individual donations, helping users, providing corporate sponsorship, working on the software, and for all the encouraging words,\u201d Koch said at the time.\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2016-08-18T12:39:21", "type": "threatpost", "title": "GPG Patches 18-Year-Old Libgcrypt RNG Bug", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-08-23T18:56:40", "id": "THREATPOST:82E1359D397101F2CCA1968657708DB7", "href": "https://threatpost.com/gpg-patches-18-year-old-libgcrypt-rng-bug/119984/", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:NETWORK/AC:MEDIUM/Au:NONE/C:NONE/I:PARTIAL/A:NONE/"}}], "debian": [{"lastseen": "2021-10-21T22:25:16", "description": "- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\nDebian Security Advisory DSA-3651-1 security@debian.org\nhttps://www.debian.org/security/ Salvatore Bonaccorso\nAugust 25, 2016 https://www.debian.org/security/faq\n- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nPackage : rails\nCVE ID : CVE-2016-6316\nDebian Bug : 834155\n\nAndrew Carpenter of Critical Juncture discovered a cross-site scripting\nvulnerability affecting Action View in rails, a web application\nframework written in Ruby. Text declared as &quot;HTML safe&quot; will not have\nquotes escaped when used as attribute values in tag helpers.\n\nFor the stable distribution (jessie), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 2:4.1.8-1+deb8u4.\n\nFor the unstable distribution (sid), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 2:4.2.7.1-1.\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your rails packages.\n\nFurther information about Debian Security Advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: https://www.debian.org/security/\n\nMailing list: debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 6.1, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-08-25T16:20:10", "type": "debian", "title": "[SECURITY] [DSA 3651-1] rails security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-08-25T16:20:10", "id": "DEBIAN:DSA-3651-1:9DFD3", "href": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2016/msg00229.html", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-02-24T12:13:17", "description": "- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\nDebian Security Advisory DSA-3651-1 security@debian.org\nhttps://www.debian.org/security/ Salvatore Bonaccorso\nAugust 25, 2016 https://www.debian.org/security/faq\n- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nPackage : rails\nCVE ID : CVE-2016-6316\nDebian Bug : 834155\n\nAndrew Carpenter of Critical Juncture discovered a cross-site scripting\nvulnerability affecting Action View in rails, a web application\nframework written in Ruby. Text declared as &quot;HTML safe&quot; will not have\nquotes escaped when used as attribute values in tag helpers.\n\nFor the stable distribution (jessie), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 2:4.1.8-1+deb8u4.\n\nFor the unstable distribution (sid), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 2:4.2.7.1-1.\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your rails packages.\n\nFurther information about Debian Security Advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: https://www.debian.org/security/\n\nMailing list: debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-08-25T16:20:10", "type": "debian", "title": "[SECURITY] [DSA 3651-1] rails security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-08-25T16:20:10", "id": "DEBIAN:DSA-3651-1:ADB0B", "href": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2016/msg00229.html", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-10-23T21:55:51", "description": "Package : ruby-actionpack-3.2\nVersion : 3.2.6-6+deb7u3\nCVE ID : CVE-2015-7576 CVE-2016-0751 CVE-2016-0752 CVE-2016-2097 \n CVE-2016-2098 CVE-2016-6316\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in ruby-actionpack-3.2, a\nweb-flow and rendering framework and part of Rails:\n\nCVE-2015-7576\n\n A flaw was found in the way the Action Controller component compared\n user names and passwords when performing HTTP basic\n authentication. Time taken to compare strings could differ depending\n on input, possibly allowing a remote attacker to determine valid user\n names and passwords using a timing attack.\n\nCVE-2016-0751\n\n A flaw was found in the way the Action Pack component performed MIME\n type lookups. Since queries were cached in a global cache of MIME\n types, an attacker could use this flaw to grow the cache indefinitely,\n potentially resulting in a denial of service.\n\nCVE-2016-0752\n\n A directory traversal flaw was found in the way the Action View\n component searched for templates for rendering. If an application\n passed untrusted input to the &#x27;render&#x27; method, a remote,\n unauthenticated attacker could use this flaw to render unexpected\n files and, possibly, execute arbitrary code.\n\nCVE-2016-2097\n\n Crafted requests to Action View might result in rendering files from\n arbitrary locations, including files beyond the application&#x27;s view\n directory. This vulnerability is the result of an incomplete fix of\n CVE-2016-0752. This bug was found by Jyoti Singh and Tobias Kraze\n from Makandra.\n\nCVE-2016-2098\n\n If a web applications does not properly sanitize user inputs, an\n attacker might control the arguments of the render method in a\n controller or a view, resulting in the possibility of executing\n arbitrary ruby code. This bug was found by Tobias Kraze from\n Makandra and joernchen of Phenoelit.\n\nCVE-2016-6316\n\n Andrew Carpenter of Critical Juncture discovered a cross-site\n scripting vulnerability affecting Action View. Text declared as &quot;HTML\n safe&quot; will not have quotes escaped when used as attribute values in\n tag helpers.\n\nFor Debian 7 &quot;Wheezy&quot;, these problems have been fixed in version\n3.2.6-6+deb7u3.\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your ruby-actionpack-3.2 packages.\n\nFurther information about Debian LTS security advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: https://wiki.debian.org/LTS", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.0"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-08-28T18:14:37", "type": "debian", "title": "[SECURITY] [DLA 604-1] ruby-actionpack-3.2 security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2015-7576", "CVE-2016-0751", "CVE-2016-0752", "CVE-2016-2097", "CVE-2016-2098", "CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-08-28T18:14:37", "id": "DEBIAN:DLA-604-1:2A425", "href": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2016/08/msg00028.html", "cvss": {"score": 7.5, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "gitlab": [{"lastseen": "2022-06-09T23:06:28", "description": "There is a possible XSS vulnerability in Action View. Text declared as \"HTML safe\" will not have quotes escaped when used as attribute values in tag helpers.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "type": "gitlab", "title": "Possible XSS Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "id": "GITLAB-4592157653D70634A228B2043D8242B2", "href": "https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/12006272/repository/files/gem%2Factionview%2FCVE-2016-6316.yml/raw", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-06-09T23:07:26", "description": "There is a vulnerability when Active Record is used in conjunction with JSON parameter parsing. This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694 and CVE-2013-0155.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "type": "gitlab", "title": "Unsafe Query Generation Risk", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "id": "GITLAB-5B17B2C7F62600B3015EE653C58C39C1", "href": "https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/12006272/repository/files/gem%2Factiverecord%2FCVE-2016-6317.yml/raw", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "github": [{"lastseen": "2023-01-23T20:08:38", "description": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.22.3, 4.x before 4.2.7.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.1 might allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via text declared as \"HTML safe\" and used as attribute values in tag handlers.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2017-10-24T18:33:35", "type": "github", "title": "actionview Cross-site Scripting vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2023-01-23T17:59:44", "id": "GHSA-PC3M-V286-2JWJ", "href": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-pc3m-v286-2jwj", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-03-14T02:10:48", "description": "Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2017-10-24T18:33:35", "type": "github", "title": "ActiveRecord in Ruby on Rails allows database-query bypass", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2023-01-09T05:03:23", "id": "GHSA-PR3R-4WRP-R2PV", "href": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-pr3r-4wrp-r2pv", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "ubuntucve": [{"lastseen": "2022-08-04T14:09:12", "description": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails\n3.x before 3.2.22.3, 4.x before 4.2.7.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.1 might allow\nremote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via text declared\nas \"HTML safe\" and used as attribute values in tag handlers.\n\n#### Bugs\n\n * <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=834155>\n\n\n#### Notes\n\nAuthor| Note \n---|--- \n[seth-arnold](<https://launchpad.net/~seth-arnold>) | In Oneiric-Saucy, rails package is just for transition; The rails package contains actual code from vivid onward \n[mdeslaur](<https://launchpad.net/~mdeslaur>) | The GnuPG project used this CVE number by mistake when doing an announcement. The GnuPG issue is actually CVE-2016-6313.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 2.7}, "published": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "type": "ubuntucve", "title": "CVE-2016-6316", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-6313", "CVE-2016-6316"], "modified": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "id": "UB:CVE-2016-6316", "href": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2016-6316", "cvss": {"score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-04T14:09:13", "description": "Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly\nconsider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record\ncomponent and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to\nbypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or\ntrigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by\ncertain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694,\nand CVE-2013-0155.\n\n#### Bugs\n\n * <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=834154>\n\n\n#### Notes\n\nAuthor| Note \n---|--- \n[seth-arnold](<https://launchpad.net/~seth-arnold>) | In Oneiric-Saucy, rails package is just for transition; The rails package contains actual code from vivid onward \n[ebarretto](<https://launchpad.net/~ebarretto>) | Only Active Record &gt;= 4.2.0 are affected\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "type": "ubuntucve", "title": "CVE-2016-6317", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2016-09-07T00:00:00", "id": "UB:CVE-2016-6317", "href": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2016-6317", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "hackerone": [{"lastseen": "2023-02-03T01:51:28", "bounty": 1500.0, "description": "# Unsafe Query Generation Risk in Active Record \n\nThere is a vulnerability when Active Record is used in conjunction with JSON \nparameter parsing. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier \nCVE-2016-6317. This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694 \nand CVE-2013-0155. \n\nVersions Affected: >= 4.2.0 \nNot affected: < 4.2.0, >= 5.0.0 \nFixed Versions: 4.2.7.1 \n\nImpact \n------ \n\nDue to the way Active Record interprets parameters in combination with the way that JSON parameters are parsed, it is possible for an attacker to issue unexpected database queries with \"IS NULL\" or empty where clauses. This issue does *not* let an attacker insert arbitrary values into an SQL query, however they can cause the query to check for NULL or eliminate a WHERE clause when most users wouldn't expect it. \n\nFor example, a system has password reset with token functionality: \n\n unless params[:token].nil? \n user = User.find_by_token(params[:token]) \n user.reset_password! \n end \n\nAn attacker can craft a request such that `params[:token]` will return `[nil]`. The `[nil]` value will bypass the test for nil, but will still add an \"IN ('xyz', NULL)\" clause to the SQL query. \n\nSimilarly, an attacker can craft a request such that `params[:token]` will return an empty hash. An empty hash will eliminate the WHERE clause of the query, but can bypass the `nil?` check. \n\nNote that this impacts not only dynamic finders (`find_by_*`) but also relations (`User.where(:name => params[:name])`). \n\nAll users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the work arounds immediately. All users running an affected release should upgrade immediately. Please note, this vulnerability is a variant of CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155. Even if you upgraded to address those issues, you must take action again. \n\nIf this chance in behavior impacts your application, you can manually decode the original values from the request like so: \n\n ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(request.body) \n\nReleases \n-------- \nThe FIXED releases are available at the normal locations. \n\nWorkarounds \n----------- \nThis problem can be mitigated by casting the parameter to a string before passing it to Active Record. For example: \n\n unless params[:token].nil? || params[:token].to_s.empty? \n user = User.find_by_token(params[:token].to_s) \n user.reset_password! \n end \n\n\nPatches \n------- \nTo aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for \nthe two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a \nsingle changeset. \n\n* 4-2-unsafe-query-generation.patch - Patch for 4.2 series \n\nPlease note that only the 5.0.x and 4.2.x series are supported at present. Users \nof earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we \ncannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported \nreleases. \n\nCredits \n------- \n\nThanks to joernchen of Phenoelit for reporting this!", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2016-05-17T13:38:03", "type": "hackerone", "title": "Ruby on Rails: Unsafe Query Generation (CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694 and CVE-2013-0155) mitigation bypass", "bulletinFamily": "bugbounty", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.4, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 4.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2012-2660", "CVE-2012-2694", "CVE-2013-0155", "CVE-2016-6317"], "modified": "2018-02-07T21:02:19", "id": "H1:139321", "href": "https://hackerone.com/reports/139321", "cvss": {"score": 6.4, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N"}}]}