ISC BIND Cache Poisoning Vulnerability (CVE-2025-40780) - Windows

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG
# Some text descriptions might be excerpted from (a) referenced
# source(s), and are Copyright (C) by the respective right holder(s).
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only

CPE = "cpe:/a:isc:bind";

if (description)
{
  script_oid("1.3.6.1.4.1.25623.1.0.119205");
  script_version("2025-10-24T05:39:31+0000");
  script_tag(name:"last_modification", value:"2025-10-24 05:39:31 +0000 (Fri, 24 Oct 2025)");
  script_tag(name:"creation_date", value:"2025-10-23 12:40:05 +0000 (Thu, 23 Oct 2025)");
  script_tag(name:"cvss_base", value:"7.8");
  script_tag(name:"cvss_base_vector", value:"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:C/A:N");
  script_tag(name:"severity_vector", value:"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N");
  script_tag(name:"severity_origin", value:"NVD");
  script_tag(name:"severity_date", value:"2025-10-22 16:15:42 +0000 (Wed, 22 Oct 2025)");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-40780");

  script_tag(name:"qod_type", value:"remote_banner");

  script_tag(name:"solution_type", value:"VendorFix");

  script_name("ISC BIND Cache Poisoning Vulnerability (CVE-2025-40780) - Windows");

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);

  script_copyright("Copyright (C) 2025 Greenbone AG");
  script_family("General");
  script_dependencies("gb_isc_bind_consolidation.nasl", "os_detection.nasl");
  script_mandatory_keys("isc/bind/detected", "Host/runs_windows");

  script_tag(name:"summary", value:"ISC BIND is prone to cache poisoning attacks due to a weak
  Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG).");

  script_tag(name:"vuldetect", value:"Checks if a vulnerable version is present on the target host.");

  script_tag(name:"insight", value:"In specific circumstances, due to a weakness in the PRNG that is
  used, it is possible for an attacker to predict the source port and query ID that BIND will
  use.");

  script_tag(name:"impact", value:"BIND can be tricked into caching attacker responses, if the
  spoofing is successful.");

  script_tag(name:"affected", value:"ISC BIND versions 9.16.0 through 9.16.50, 9.18.0 through
  9.18.39, 9.20.0 through 9.20.13, 9.21.0 through 9.21.12, 9.16.8-S1 through 9.16.50-S1, 9.18.11-S1
  through 9.18.39-S1 and 9.20.9-S1 through 9.20.13-S1.

  Vendor notes:

  - Authoritative services are believed to be unaffected by this vulnerability but it is important
  to read: [link moved to references]

  - Resolvers are affected by this vulnerability.");

  script_tag(name:"solution", value:"Update to version 9.18.41, 9.18.41-S1, 9.20.15, 9.20.15-S1,
  9.21.14 or later.");

  script_xref(name:"URL", value:"https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2025-40780");
  script_xref(name:"URL", value:"https://kb.isc.org/docs/why-does-my-authoritative-server-make-recursive-queries");

  exit(0);
}

include("host_details.inc");
include("version_func.inc");

if (isnull(port = get_app_port(cpe: CPE)))
  exit(0);

if (!infos = get_app_full(cpe: CPE, port: port, exit_no_version: TRUE))
  exit(0);

version = infos["version"];
proto = infos["proto"];
location = infos["location"];

if (version =~ "^9\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+s[0-9]") {
  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.16.8s1", test_version2: "9.16.50s1")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.18.41-S1", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }

  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.18.11s1", test_version2: "9.18.39s1")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.18.41-S1", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }

  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.20.9s1", test_version2: "9.20.13s1")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.20.15-S1", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }
} else {
  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.16.0", test_version2: "9.16.50")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.18.41", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }

  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.18.0", test_version2: "9.18.39")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.18.41", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }

  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.20.0", test_version2: "9.20.13")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.20.15", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }

  if (version_in_range(version: version, test_version: "9.21.0", test_version2: "9.21.12")) {
    report = report_fixed_ver(installed_version: version, fixed_version: "9.21.14", install_path: location);
    security_message(port: port, data: report, proto: proto);
    exit(0);
  }
}

exit(99);