pfSense Default Admin Credentials (HTTP)

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 Greenbone AG
# Some text descriptions might be excerpted from (a) referenced
# source(s), and are Copyright (C) by the respective right holder(s).
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only

CPE = "cpe:/a:pfsense:pfsense";

if(description)
{
  script_oid("1.3.6.1.4.1.25623.1.0.112122");
  script_version("2025-09-09T14:09:45+0000");
  script_tag(name:"last_modification", value:"2025-09-09 14:09:45 +0000 (Tue, 09 Sep 2025)");
  script_tag(name:"creation_date", value:"2017-11-14 10:54:12 +0100 (Tue, 14 Nov 2017)");
  script_tag(name:"cvss_base", value:"10.0");
  script_tag(name:"cvss_base_vector", value:"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");

  script_tag(name:"qod_type", value:"exploit");

  script_tag(name:"solution_type", value:"Mitigation");

  script_name("pfSense Default Admin Credentials (HTTP)");

  script_category(ACT_ATTACK);

  script_copyright("Copyright (C) 2017 Greenbone AG");
  script_family("Default Accounts");
  script_dependencies("gb_pfsense_consolidation.nasl", "gb_default_credentials_options.nasl");
  script_require_ports("Services/www", 443);
  script_mandatory_keys("pfsense/http/detected");
  script_exclude_keys("default_credentials/disable_default_account_checks");

  script_tag(name:"solution", value:"Change the passwords.");

  script_tag(name:"summary", value:"In pfSense it is possible to gain administrative access via default credentials.");

  script_tag(name:"impact", value:"This issue may be exploited by a remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information.");

  script_tag(name:"insight", value:"By convention, each time you create a new instance of pfSense, the admin user is being created with default credentials:
  Username: admin, Password: pfsense.");

  script_xref(name:"URL", value:"https://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/Installing_pfSense#pfSense_Default_Configuration");
  script_xref(name:"URL", value:"https://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/What_is_the_default_username_and_password");

  exit(0);
}

if(get_kb_item("default_credentials/disable_default_account_checks"))
  exit(0);

include("http_func.inc");
include("host_details.inc");
include("http_keepalive.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");
include("url_func.inc");

if(!port = get_app_port(cpe:CPE, service:"www"))
  exit(0);

if(!get_app_location(cpe:CPE, port:port, nofork:TRUE))
  exit(0);

req_1 = http_get(port:port, item:"/");
res_1 = http_keepalive_send_recv(port:port, data:req_1, bodyonly:FALSE);

# Grabbing the CSRF-token and -variable to avoid being blocked by CSRF protection
if(magic_token = eregmatch(pattern:'var csrfMagicToken = "(.*)";var csrfMagicName', string:res_1, icase:TRUE)) {
  magic_token = urlencode(str:magic_token[1]);
}

if(magic_var = eregmatch(pattern:'var csrfMagicName = "(.*)";</script>', string:res_1, icase:TRUE)) {
  magic_var = magic_var[1];
} else {
  magic_var = '__csrf_magic';
}

cookie_1 = http_get_cookie_from_header(buf:res_1, pattern:"[Ss]et-[Cc]ookie\s*:\s*(.+); path=/");
data = magic_var + '=' + magic_token + '&usernamefld=admin&passwordfld=pfsense&login=Sign+In';
accept = 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8';

# In order to avoid being blocked by DNS Rebind Protection (e.g. if it is misconfigured), the Host Name is being replaced with the Host IP
req_2 = http_post_put_req(port:port, url:"/", data:data, accept_header:accept, host_header_use_ip:TRUE,
                          add_headers:make_array("Upgrade-Insecure-Requests", "1", "Cookie", cookie_1, "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"));
res_2 = http_keepalive_send_recv(port:port, data:req_2, bodyonly:FALSE);

# Another cookie is set by the application and therefore being obtained since the POST response is an HTTP redirect (302)
cookie_2 = http_get_cookie_from_header(buf:res_2, pattern:"[Ss]et-[Cc]ookie\s*:\s*(.+); path=/");

# Again, the DNS Rebind Protection needs to be avoided, so the Host IP is needed for a valid GET request
req_3 = http_get_req(port:port, url:"/", add_headers:make_array("Cookie", cookie_2), accept_header:accept, host_header_use_ip:TRUE);
res_3 = http_keepalive_send_recv(port:port, data:req_3, bodyonly:FALSE);

if("Status: Dashboard</title>" >< res_3) {
  report = 'It was possible to authenticate with the following credentials:\n\nUsername: admin\nPassword: pfsense';
  security_message(port:port, data:report);
  exit(0);
}

exit(99);