Hoppscotch <= 2026.4.1 - Mass Assignment JWT_SECRET Overwrite

id: CVE-2026-50160

info:
  name: Hoppscotch <= 2026.4.1 - Mass Assignment JWT_SECRET Overwrite
  author: str4k3r
  severity: critical
  description: |
    Hoppscotch self-hosted backend <= 2026.4.1 contains a broken authentication caused by mass assignment via unauthenticated POST /v1/onboarding/config endpoint, letting unauthenticated attackers overwrite JWT_SECRET to forge tokens and fully compromise the server, exploit requires attacker to access fresh instance before onboarding completes or when no users exist.
  impact: |
    Unauthenticated attackers can forge JWT tokens and fully compromise the server, including administrator access.
  remediation: |
    Update to version 2026.5.0 or later.
  reference:
    - https://github.com/hoppscotch/hoppscotch/security/advisories/GHSA-j542-4rch-8hwf
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50160
    - https://github.com/hoppscotch/hoppscotch/pull/6171
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
    cvss-score: 10.0
    cve-id: CVE-2026-50160
    cwe-id: CWE-915
  metadata:
    verified: true
    max-request: 2
    vendor: hoppscotch
    product: hoppscotch
    shodan-query: http.title:"Hoppscotch"
    fofa-query: title="Hoppscotch"
  tags: cve,cve2026,hoppscotch,mass-assignment,jwt

flow: http(1) && http(2)

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        GET /v1/onboarding/status HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Accept: application/json

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code == 200'
          - 'contains(body, "canReRunOnboarding")'
          - 'contains(body, "\"onboardingCompleted\":false") || contains(body, "\"canReRunOnboarding\":true")'
        condition: and
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        POST /v1/onboarding/config HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-Type: application/json
        Accept: application/json

        {"CVE_2026_50160_DETECT":"true"}

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code == 400'
          - 'contains(body, "VITE_ALLOWED_AUTH_PROVIDERS")'
          - '!contains(body, "should not exist")'
        condition: and
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