Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2026-19548

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

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  script_id(334929);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/08/13");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2026-19548");

  script_name(english:"Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2026-19548");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed with a vulnerability that the vendor indicates will not be
patched.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied
patch available.

  - Multiple Use-After-Free vulnerabilities were found in the add_archive_element function in ld/ldmain.c of
    the GNU linker (ld), a component of binutils. The root cause is that plugin_maybe_claim() in ld/plugin.c
    frees the original BFD object via bfd_close/_bfd_delete_bfd when entry->the_bfd->my_archive == NULL, but
    the caller retains both the original abfd parameter and a shallow copy (orig_input.the_bfd) as dangling
    pointers. These dangling pointers are subsequently dereferenced at three distinct locations in
    add_archive_element: 1. Line ~1442: accessing abfd->my_archive via bfd_usrdata(abfd->my_archive) 2. Line
    ~1493: multiple accesses to abfd and abfd->my_archive in a conditional check and bfd_get_filename call 3.
    Line ~1525: dereferencing the shallow copy orig_input.the_bfd->my_archive in trace/verbose logging The
    vulnerability is triggered when LTO plugins are active (link_info.lto_plugin_active is true) and the input
    object has abfd->my_archive == NULL, which is a valid state for standalone object files. Red Hat builds
    binutils with --enable-plugins and --enable-lto, confirming the vulnerable code path is compiled in and
    reachable. An attacker who can supply a crafted object or archive file to a build process using LTO-
    enabled linking could exploit this flaw to cause a denial of service (linker crash via segmentation
    fault). Arbitrary code execution is theoretically possible through heap manipulation but is substantially
    mitigated by hardening measures including stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, ASLR, and PIE. The attack
    surface is limited to build-time environments  the linker is a development tool not exposed in production
    runtime. The most realistic exploitation scenario is a supply chain attack introducing a crafted object
    file as a build dependency in CI/CD pipelines or development environments. (CVE-2026-19548)

Note that Nessus relies on the presence of the package as reported by the vendor.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2026-19548");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-19548");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"There is no known solution at this time.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"agent", value:"unix");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:U/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:U/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2026-19548");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vendor_unpatched", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2026/08/12");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2026/08/12");

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  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info2.nasl", "set_linux_os_id.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/cpu", "Host/local_checks_enabled", "global_settings/vendor_unpatched", "Host/OS/identifier");
  script_require_ports("Host/OS/CentOS Linux-7", "Host/OS/CentOS Linux-8", "Host/OS/Red Hat Enterprise Linux-10", "Host/OS/Red Hat Enterprise Linux-7", "Host/OS/Red Hat Enterprise Linux-8", "Host/OS/Red Hat Enterprise Linux-9", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-14.04", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-16.04", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-18.04", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-20.04", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-22.04", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-24.04", "Host/OS/Ubuntu Linux-26.04");

  exit(0);
}

if (!get_kb_item("global_settings/vendor_unpatched")) exit(0, "Unpatched Vulnerabilities Detection not active.");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (empty_or_null(get_one_kb_item("Host/CentOS/rpm-list")) && empty_or_null(get_one_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) && empty_or_null(get_one_kb_item("Host/RedHat/rpm-list"))) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

include('linux_unpatched.inc');

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  "Red Hat Enterprise Linux-7": {
    "package_manager": "rpm-list",
    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "7",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "binutils"},
          {"reference": "binutils-devel"}
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "CentOS Linux-8": {
    "package_manager": "rpm-list",
    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "8",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "binutils"},
          {"reference": "binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-gprofng"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-gprofng"},
          {"reference": "mingw-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw-binutils-generic"},
          {"reference": "mingw32-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw64-binutils"}
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "Red Hat Enterprise Linux-8": {
    "package_manager": "rpm-list",
    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "8",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "binutils"},
          {"reference": "binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-gprofng"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-gprofng"},
          {"reference": "mingw-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw-binutils-generic"},
          {"reference": "mingw32-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw64-binutils"}
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "Red Hat Enterprise Linux-9": {
    "package_manager": "rpm-list",
    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "9",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "binutils"},
          {"reference": "binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils-gprofng"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-devel"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-gold"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils-gprofng"},
          {"reference": "gcc-toolset-16-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw-binutils-generic"},
          {"reference": "mingw32-binutils"},
          {"reference": "mingw64-binutils"}
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
};

var distro_constraints_values = linux_unpatched::get_distro_constraints(distro_constraints_arr:distro_constraints_array);
if (empty_or_null(distro_constraints_values)) audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'affected');

var third_party_support = get_kb_item('Host/OS/extended-third-party');
if (!empty_or_null(third_party_support)) {
    var third_party_vendors = distro_constraints_values['third_party'];
    if (!empty_or_null(third_party_vendors)) {
        var vendor;
        foreach vendor (third_party_vendors) {
            if (vendor == third_party_support) exit(0, 'A third party management patch is available for this vulnerability from ' + vendor + '.\n');
        }
    }
}

var report = linux_unpatched::check_unpatched_constraints(distro_constraints_values:distro_constraints_values);

if (!empty_or_null(report))
{
  security_report_v4(
      port       : 0,
      severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
      extra      : report
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'affected');
}