Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2025-39821

##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

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if (description)
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  script_version("1.12");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/05/21");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-39821");

  script_name(english:"Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2025-39821");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed with a vulnerability that the vendor indicates will not be
patched.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied
patch available.

  - In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf: Avoid undefined behavior from
    stopping/starting inactive events Calling pmu->start()/stop() on perf events in PERF_EVENT_STATE_OFF can
    leave event->hw.idx at -1. When PMU drivers later attempt to use this negative index as a shift exponent
    in bitwise operations, it leads to UBSAN shift-out-of-bounds reports. The issue is a logical flaw in how
    event groups handle throttling when some members are intentionally disabled. Based on the analysis and the
    reproducer provided by Mark Rutland (this issue on both arm64 and x86-64). The scenario unfolds as
    follows: 1. A group leader event is configured with a very aggressive sampling period (e.g., sample_period
    = 1). This causes frequent interrupts and triggers the throttling mechanism. 2. A child event in the same
    group is created in a disabled state (.disabled = 1). This event remains in PERF_EVENT_STATE_OFF. Since it
    hasn't been scheduled onto the PMU, its event->hw.idx remains initialized at -1. 3. When throttling
    occurs, perf_event_throttle_group() and later perf_event_unthrottle_group() iterate through all siblings,
    including the disabled child event. 4. perf_event_throttle()/unthrottle() are called on this inactive
    child event, which then call event->pmu->start()/stop(). 5. The PMU driver receives the event with hw.idx
    == -1 and attempts to use it as a shift exponent. e.g., in macros like PMCNTENSET(idx), leading to the
    UBSAN report. The throttling mechanism attempts to start/stop events that are not actively scheduled on
    the hardware. Move the state check into perf_event_throttle()/perf_event_unthrottle() so that inactive
    events are skipped entirely. This ensures only active events with a valid hw.idx are processed, preventing
    undefined behavior and silencing UBSAN warnings. The corrected check ensures true before proceeding with
    PMU operations. The problem can be reproduced with the syzkaller reproducer: (CVE-2025-39821)

Note that Nessus relies on the presence of the package as reported by the vendor.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-39821");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"There is no known solution at this time.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"agent", value:"unix");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:U/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:U/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-39821");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vendor_unpatched", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/09/16");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/09/17");

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  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Misc.");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025-2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("set_linux_os_id.nasl", "ssh_get_info2.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/OS/identifier", "Host/cpu", "Host/local_checks_enabled", "global_settings/vendor_unpatched");
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  exit(0);
}

if (!get_kb_item("global_settings/vendor_unpatched")) exit(0, "Unpatched Vulnerabilities Detection not active.");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (empty_or_null(get_one_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l"))) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

include('linux_unpatched.inc');

var distro_constraints_array = {
  "Ubuntu Linux-16.04": {
    "package_manager": "dpkg-l",
    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "16.04",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "linux-hwe-edge"}
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "Ubuntu Linux-18.04": {
    "package_manager": "dpkg-l",
    "constraints": [
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        "release": "18.04",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "linux-aws-5.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-aws-5.3"},
          {"reference": "linux-azure-5.3"},
          {"reference": "linux-azure-cloud-tools-4.15.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-azure-edge"},
          {"reference": "linux-azure-headers-4.15.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-azure-tools-4.15.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0"},
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          {"reference": "linux-gcp-headers-4.15.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-gcp-tools-4.15.0"},
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          {"reference": "linux-gke-5.4"},
          {"reference": "linux-gkeop-5.4"},
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          {"reference": "linux-image-4.15.0"},
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          {"reference": "linux-oem-6.8-headers-6.8.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-oem-6.8-lib-rust-6.8.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-oem-6.8-tools-6.8.0"},
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          {"reference": "linux-realtime"},
          {"reference": "linux-riscv-headers-6.8.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-riscv-tools-6.8.0"},
          {"reference": "linux-tools-6.8.0"}
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  "Ubuntu Linux-25.10": {
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    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "25.10",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "linux-azure-fde"}
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  "Ubuntu Linux-25.04": {
    "package_manager": "dpkg-l",
    "constraints": [
      {
        "release": "25.04",
        "pkgs": [
          {"reference": "linux-xilinx"}
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
};

var distro_constraints_values = linux_unpatched::get_distro_constraints(distro_constraints_arr:distro_constraints_array);
if (empty_or_null(distro_constraints_values)) audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'affected');
var report = linux_unpatched::check_unpatched_constraints(distro_constraints_values:distro_constraints_values);

if (!empty_or_null(report))
{
  security_report_v4(
      port       : 0,
      severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
      extra      : report
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'affected');
}