AlmaLinux 9.6 [TuxCare] Security Update: buildah / buildah-tests Multiple Vulnerabilities (ALMALINUX9.6:CLSA-2025:1766049566)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(360471);
  script_version("1.1");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/10/01");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-27144", "CVE-2025-52881", "CVE-2025-58183");
  script_xref(name:"CLSA", value:"2025:1766049566");

  script_name(english:"AlmaLinux 9.6 [TuxCare] Security Update: buildah / buildah-tests Multiple Vulnerabilities (ALMALINUX9.6:CLSA-2025:1766049566)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The AlmaLinux host is missing one or more security updates.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The AlmaLinux 9.6 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the TuxCare
ALMALINUX9.6:CLSA-2025:1766049566 advisory.

  - Go JOSE provides an implementation of the Javascript Object Signing and Encryption set of standards in Go,
    including support for JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Signature (JWS), and JSON Web Token (JWT)
    standards. In versions on the 4.x branch prior to version 4.0.5, when parsing compact JWS or JWE input, Go
    JOSE could use excessive memory. The code used strings.Split(token, .) to split JWT tokens, which is
    vulnerable to excessive memory consumption when processing maliciously crafted tokens with a large number
    of `.` characters. An attacker could exploit this by sending numerous malformed tokens, leading to memory
    exhaustion and a Denial of Service. Version 4.0.5 fixes this issue. As a workaround, applications could
    pre-validate that payloads passed to Go JOSE do not contain an excessive number of `.` characters.
    (CVE-2025-27144)

  - runc is a CLI tool for spawning and running containers according to the OCI specification. In versions
    1.2.7, 1.3.2 and 1.4.0-rc.2, an attacker can trick runc into misdirecting writes to /proc to other procfs
    files through the use of a racing container with shared mounts (we have also verified this attack is
    possible to exploit using a standard Dockerfile with docker buildx build as that also permits triggering
    parallel execution of containers with custom shared mounts configured). This redirect could be through
    symbolic links in a tmpfs or theoretically other methods such as regular bind-mounts. While similar, the
    mitigation applied for the related CVE, CVE-2019-19921, was fairly limited and effectively only caused
    runc to verify that when LSM labels are written they are actually procfs files. This issue is fixed in
    versions 1.2.8, 1.3.3, and 1.4.0-rc.3. (CVE-2025-52881)

  - tar.Reader does not set a maximum size on the number of sparse region data blocks in GNU tar pax 1.0
    sparse files. A maliciously-crafted archive containing a large number of sparse regions can cause a Reader
    to read an unbounded amount of data from the archive into memory. When reading from a compressed source, a
    small compressed input can result in large allocations. (CVE-2025-58183)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  # https://security.tuxcare.com/csaf/v2/els_os/tuxcare9.6esu/advisories/2025/clsa-2025_1766049566.json
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?94a0fcc5");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://cve.tuxcare.com/els/releases/CLSA-2025:1766049566");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Update the affected packages based on the guidance in TuxCare advisory ALMALINUX9.6:CLSA-2025:1766049566.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:H/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_threat_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/E:P");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-52881");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-27144");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vendor_severity", value:"Important");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/02/24");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/12/18");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2026/10/01");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Alma Linux Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info2.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/OS/extended-third-party", "Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/AlmaLinux/release", "Host/AlmaLinux/rpm-list", "Host/cpu");

  exit(0);
}
include('rpm2.inc');

var third_party_support = get_kb_item('Host/OS/extended-third-party');
if (empty_or_null(third_party_support) || third_party_support != 'TuxCare') exit(0, 'TuxCare support not enabled.');

if (!get_kb_item('Host/local_checks_enabled')) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
var os_product = get_kb_item('installed_os/local/SSH/0/product');
if (isnull(os_product) || 'AlmaLinux' >!< os_product) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'AlmaLinux');
var os_version = get_kb_item('installed_os/local/SSH/0/version');
if (isnull(os_version)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, 'AlmaLinux');
if (! preg(pattern:"^9.6([^0-9]|$)", string:os_version)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'AlmaLinux 9.6', 'AlmaLinux ' + os_version);

if (!get_kb_item('Host/AlmaLinux/rpm-list')) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

var cpu = get_kb_item('Host/cpu');
if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);
if ('x86_64' >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, 'AlmaLinux', cpu);


var constraints = [
  {
    'release': '9',
    'sp': '6',
    'pkgs': [
      {'reference':'buildah-1.39.6-1.el9_6.tuxcare.els3', 'sp':'6', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'el_string':'el9_6', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'epoch':'2'},
      {'reference':'buildah-tests-1.39.6-1.el9_6.tuxcare.els3', 'sp':'6', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'el_string':'el9_6', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'epoch':'2'}
    ]
  }
];

var os_release = get_one_kb_item('installed_os/local/SSH/0/release');
var os_sp = get_one_kb_item('Host/*/minor_release');

var flag = 0;
var reference;
var sp;
var _cpu;
var el_string;
var rpm_spec_vers_cmp;
var epoch;
var allowmaj;
var exists_check;
var cves;
foreach var constraint ( constraints ) {
  # Check that the target release is equal to the affected release
  if (!empty_or_null(constraint['release'])){
    if (constraint['release'] != os_release) continue;
  }
  if (!empty_or_null(constraint['sp'])){
    if (constraint['sp'] != os_sp) continue;
  }
  foreach var pkg ( constraint['pkgs'] ) {
    reference = NULL;
    sp = NULL;
    _cpu = NULL;
    el_string = NULL;
    rpm_spec_vers_cmp = NULL;
    epoch = NULL;
    allowmaj = NULL;
    exists_check = NULL;
    cves = NULL;
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['reference'])) reference = pkg['reference'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['sp'])) sp = pkg['sp'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['cpu'])) _cpu = pkg['cpu'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['el_string'])) el_string = pkg['el_string'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'])) rpm_spec_vers_cmp = pkg['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['epoch'])) epoch = pkg['epoch'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['allowmaj'])) allowmaj = pkg['allowmaj'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['exists_check'])) exists_check = pkg['exists_check'];
    if (!empty_or_null(pkg['cves'])) cves = pkg['cves'];
    if (reference &&
        ## (no known rpm to check OR known rpm_exists)
        (!exists_check || rpm_exists(rpm:exists_check)) &&
        rpm_check(sp:sp, cpu:_cpu, reference:reference, epoch:epoch, el_string:el_string, rpm_spec_vers_cmp:rpm_spec_vers_cmp, allowmaj:allowmaj, cves:cves)) flag++;
  }
}


if (flag)
{
  security_report_v4(
      port       : 0,
      severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
      extra      : rpm_report_get()
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  var tested = pkg_tests_get();
  if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
  else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'buildah / buildah-tests');
}