Qnap QTS and QuTS hero Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (CVE-2025-59381)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(505031);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/02/04");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-59381");

  script_name(english:"Qnap QTS and QuTS hero Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (CVE-2025-59381)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote OT asset is affected by a vulnerability.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"A path traversal vulnerability has been reported to affect several
QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an
administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to read
the contents of unexpected files or system data. We have already fixed
the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.8.3332 build
20251128 and later QuTS hero h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117 and later

This plugin only works with Tenable.ot.
Please visit https://www.tenable.com/products/tenable-ot for more information.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-51");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Refer to the vendor advisory.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:M/C:C/I:N/A:N");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_threat_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/E:U");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-59381");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
  script_cwe_id(22);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2026/01/02");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2026/01/02");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2026/01/20");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:qnap:qts:5.2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.3");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"former");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Tenable.ot");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("tenable_ot_api_integration.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Tenable.ot/Qnap");

  exit(0);
}


include('tenable_ot_cve_funcs.inc');

get_kb_item_or_exit('Tenable.ot/Qnap');

var asset = tenable_ot::assets::get(vendor:'Qnap');

var vuln_cpes = {
    "cpe:/o:qnap:qts" :
        {"versionEndIncluding" : "5.2.8.3332", "versionStartIncluding" : "5.2.0", "family" : "QTS"},
    "cpe:/o:qnap:quts_hero:5.2" :
        {"versionEndIncluding" : "h5.2.8.3321", "versionStartIncluding" : "h5.2.0", "family" : "QuTShero"},
    "cpe:/o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.3" :
        {"versionEndIncluding" : "h5.3.1.3250", "versionStartIncluding" : "h5.3.0", "family" : "QuTShero"}
};

tenable_ot::cve::compare_and_report(asset:asset, cpes:vuln_cpes, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);