Qnap QTS and QuTS Hero Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (CVE-2025-22481)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(504958);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/02/06");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-22481");

  script_name(english:"Qnap QTS and QuTS Hero Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (CVE-2025-22481)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote OT asset is affected by a vulnerability.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several
QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could
allow remote attackers who have gained user access to execute
arbitrary commands. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the
following versions: QTS 5.2.4.3079 build 20250321 and later QuTS hero
h5.2.4.3079 build 20250321 and later

This plugin only works with Tenable.ot.
Please visit https://www.tenable.com/products/tenable-ot for more information.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-12");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Refer to the vendor advisory.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_threat_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/E:U");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-22481");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
  script_cwe_id(77, 78);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/06/06");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/06/06");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2026/01/16");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:qnap:qts:5.2.0");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"former");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Tenable.ot");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("tenable_ot_api_integration.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Tenable.ot/Qnap");

  exit(0);
}


include('tenable_ot_cve_funcs.inc');

get_kb_item_or_exit('Tenable.ot/Qnap');

var asset = tenable_ot::assets::get(vendor:'Qnap');

var vuln_cpes = {
    "cpe:/o:qnap:qts" :
        {"versionEndIncluding" : "5.2.0.3079", "versionStartIncluding" : "5.2.0", "family" : "QTS"},
    "cpe:/o:qnap:quts_hero" :
        {"versionEndIncluding" : "h5.2.0.3079", "versionStartIncluding" : "h5.2.0", "family" : "QuTShero"}
};

tenable_ot::cve::compare_and_report(asset:asset, cpes:vuln_cpes, severity:SECURITY_HOLE);