KB5078740: Windows Server 2025 Security Update (March 2026)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.

#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from the Microsoft Security Updates API. The text
# itself is copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(301780);
  script_version("1.7");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/06/23");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2026-23669",
    "CVE-2026-23671",
    "CVE-2026-23672",
    "CVE-2026-23673",
    "CVE-2026-23674",
    "CVE-2026-24283",
    "CVE-2026-24285",
    "CVE-2026-24287",
    "CVE-2026-24289",
    "CVE-2026-24290",
    "CVE-2026-24291",
    "CVE-2026-24292",
    "CVE-2026-24293",
    "CVE-2026-24294",
    "CVE-2026-24295",
    "CVE-2026-24296",
    "CVE-2026-25165",
    "CVE-2026-25167",
    "CVE-2026-25168",
    "CVE-2026-25169",
    "CVE-2026-25170",
    "CVE-2026-25171",
    "CVE-2026-25172",
    "CVE-2026-25173",
    "CVE-2026-25174",
    "CVE-2026-25176",
    "CVE-2026-25177",
    "CVE-2026-25178",
    "CVE-2026-25179",
    "CVE-2026-25180",
    "CVE-2026-25181",
    "CVE-2026-25185",
    "CVE-2026-25186",
    "CVE-2026-25187",
    "CVE-2026-25188",
    "CVE-2026-25190",
    "CVE-2026-26111",
    "CVE-2026-26128",
    "CVE-2026-26132"
  );
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5078740");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5078736");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS26-5078740");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS26-5078736");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2026-A-0228-S");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2026-A-0230-S");

  script_name(english:"KB5078740: Windows Server 2025 Security Update (March 2026)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Windows host is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote Windows host is missing security update 5078740 or hotpatch 5078736. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities

  - Use after free in Windows Print Spooler Components allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a
    network. (CVE-2026-23669)

  - Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows File Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges
    locally. (CVE-2026-24283)

  - Use after free in Windows Win32K allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
    (CVE-2026-24285)

  - A remote code execution vulnerability. An attacker can exploit this to bypass authentication and execute unauthorized arbitrary commands.
    (CVE-2026-26111)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/help/5078740");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Apply Security Update 5078740 or hotpatch 5078736");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2026-26111");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss3_score_source", value:"CVE-2026-25169");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_core", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2026/03/10");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2026/03/10");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2026/03/10");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2025");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("smb_check_rollup.nasl", "smb_hotfixes.nasl", "ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('smb_func.inc');
include('smb_hotfixes.inc');
include('smb_hotfixes_fcheck.inc');
include('smb_reg_query.inc');

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible');

var bulletin = 'MS26-03';
var kbs = make_list(
  '5078740', '5078736'
);

if (get_kb_item('Host/patch_management_checks')) hotfix_check_3rd_party(bulletin:bulletin, kbs:kbs, severity:SECURITY_HOLE);

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/Registry/Enumerated');
get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/WindowsVersion');

if (hotfix_check_sp_range(win10:'0') <= 0) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);

var share = hotfix_get_systemdrive(as_share:TRUE, exit_on_fail:TRUE);
if (!is_accessible_share(share:share)) audit(AUDIT_SHARE_FAIL, share);

# This plugin is for Windows Server 2025 only (version 4th component >= 32000)
# Windows 11 24H2/25H2 systems (< 32000) should use the KB5078740 plugin instead
var os_build = get_kb_item('SMB/WindowsVersionBuild');
var os_name = get_kb_item("SMB/ProductName");
if (os_build == '26100')
{
  var systemroot = hotfix_get_systemroot();
  var path = hotfix_append_path(path:systemroot + "\system32", value:"ntoskrnl.exe");
  var fver = hotfix_get_fversion(path:path);
  if (!isnull(fver) && fver['error'] == HCF_OK && !isnull(fver['version']))
  {
    var ver_parts = split(fver['version'], sep:'.', keep:FALSE);
    if ((max_index(ver_parts) >= 4 && int(ver_parts[3]) < 32000) && ('server' >!< tolower(os_name)))
    {
      # Windows 11 24H2/25H2 system - this plugin doesn't apply (use KB5079473)
      hotfix_check_fversion_end();
      audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'affected (Windows 11 - use KB5079473)');
    }
  }
}

var wmi_patch_found = get_kb_item("WMI/Installed/Hotfix/KB5078736");

if (
  smb_check_rollup(os:'10',
                   os_build:26100,
                   rollup_date:'03_2026',
                   bulletin:bulletin,
                   rollup_kb_list:[5078740, 5078736])
)
{
  if (!wmi_patch_found) 
  {
    replace_kb_item(name:'SMB/Missing/'+bulletin, value:TRUE);
    hotfix_security_hole();
  }
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, hotfix_get_audit_report());
}