Security Updates for Microsoft SQL Server (September 2025)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(261809);
  script_version("1.4");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/01/21");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2024-21907", "CVE-2025-47997", "CVE-2025-55227");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065220");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065221");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065222");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065223");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065224");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065225");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065226");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5065227");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065220");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065221");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065222");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065223");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065224");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065225");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065226");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5065227");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0669-S");

  script_name(english:"Security Updates for Microsoft SQL Server (September 2025)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The Microsoft SQL Server installation on the remote host is missing a security update.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The Microsoft SQL Server installation on the remote host is missing a security update. It is, therefore,
affected by the following vulnerabilities:

  - Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions in Newtonsoft.Json (CVE-2024-21907)

  - An information disclosure vulnerability (CVE-2025-47997)

  - A privilege escalation vulnerability (CVE-2025-55227)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065220");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065221");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065222");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065223");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065224");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065225");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065226");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5065227");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Microsoft has released security updates for Microsoft SQL Server.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-55227");
  script_cwe_id(77, 200, 362, 755);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/09/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/09/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/09/09");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:microsoft:sql_server");
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  script_set_attribute(attribute:"thorough_tests", value:"true");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025-2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("smb_hotfixes.nasl", "mssql_version.nasl", "smb_enum_services.nasl", "ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, 1433, "Services/mssql", "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf_extras_microsoft.inc');

var app_info = vcf::microsoft::mssql::get_app_info();

var constraints =
[
  {
    'product_version' : '2016',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2015.131.6300.2',
    'fixed_version'   : '2015.131.6470.1',
    'kb'              : '5065226'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2016',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2015.131.7000.253',
    'fixed_version'   : '2015.131.7065.1',
    'kb'              : '5065227'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2017',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2017.140.1000.169',
    'fixed_version'   : '2017.140.2085.1',
    'kb'              : '5065224'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2017',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2017.140.3006.16',
    'fixed_version'   : '2017.140.3505.1',
    'kb'              : '5065225'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2019',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2019.150.2000.5',
    'fixed_version'   : '2019.150.2145.1',
    'kb'              : '5065223'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2019',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2019.150.4003.23',
    'fixed_version'   : '2019.150.4445.1',
    'kb'              : '5065222'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2022',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2022.160.1000.6',
    'fixed_version'   : '2022.160.1150.1',
    'kb'              : '5065221'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2022',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2022.160.4003.1',
    'fixed_version'   : '2022.160.4212.1',
    'kb'              : '5065220'
  }
];

vcf::microsoft::mssql::check_version_and_report(
  app_info          : app_info,
  constraints       : constraints,
  bulletin          : 'MS25-09',
  severity          : SECURITY_HOLE
);