KB5066780: Windows Server version 23H2 Security Update (October 2025)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.

#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from the Microsoft Security Updates API. The text
# itself is copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(270377);
  script_version("1.9");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/02/06");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2016-9535",
    "CVE-2025-2884",
    "CVE-2025-24052",
    "CVE-2025-24990",
    "CVE-2025-25004",
    "CVE-2025-47827",
    "CVE-2025-47979",
    "CVE-2025-48004",
    "CVE-2025-48813",
    "CVE-2025-49708",
    "CVE-2025-50152",
    "CVE-2025-50175",
    "CVE-2025-53150",
    "CVE-2025-54957",
    "CVE-2025-55325",
    "CVE-2025-55326",
    "CVE-2025-55328",
    "CVE-2025-55330",
    "CVE-2025-55331",
    "CVE-2025-55332",
    "CVE-2025-55333",
    "CVE-2025-55335",
    "CVE-2025-55336",
    "CVE-2025-55338",
    "CVE-2025-55339",
    "CVE-2025-55340",
    "CVE-2025-55678",
    "CVE-2025-55679",
    "CVE-2025-55680",
    "CVE-2025-55681",
    "CVE-2025-55683",
    "CVE-2025-55685",
    "CVE-2025-55686",
    "CVE-2025-55687",
    "CVE-2025-55689",
    "CVE-2025-55692",
    "CVE-2025-55694",
    "CVE-2025-55695",
    "CVE-2025-55696",
    "CVE-2025-55697",
    "CVE-2025-55699",
    "CVE-2025-55700",
    "CVE-2025-55701",
    "CVE-2025-58714",
    "CVE-2025-58715",
    "CVE-2025-58716",
    "CVE-2025-58717",
    "CVE-2025-58718",
    "CVE-2025-58719",
    "CVE-2025-58720",
    "CVE-2025-58722",
    "CVE-2025-58725",
    "CVE-2025-58726",
    "CVE-2025-58727",
    "CVE-2025-58728",
    "CVE-2025-58729",
    "CVE-2025-58730",
    "CVE-2025-58731",
    "CVE-2025-58732",
    "CVE-2025-58733",
    "CVE-2025-58734",
    "CVE-2025-58735",
    "CVE-2025-58736",
    "CVE-2025-58737",
    "CVE-2025-58738",
    "CVE-2025-58739",
    "CVE-2025-59184",
    "CVE-2025-59185",
    "CVE-2025-59186",
    "CVE-2025-59187",
    "CVE-2025-59188",
    "CVE-2025-59190",
    "CVE-2025-59191",
    "CVE-2025-59192",
    "CVE-2025-59193",
    "CVE-2025-59194",
    "CVE-2025-59195",
    "CVE-2025-59196",
    "CVE-2025-59197",
    "CVE-2025-59198",
    "CVE-2025-59199",
    "CVE-2025-59200",
    "CVE-2025-59201",
    "CVE-2025-59202",
    "CVE-2025-59203",
    "CVE-2025-59204",
    "CVE-2025-59205",
    "CVE-2025-59207",
    "CVE-2025-59208",
    "CVE-2025-59209",
    "CVE-2025-59211",
    "CVE-2025-59214",
    "CVE-2025-59230",
    "CVE-2025-59242",
    "CVE-2025-59244",
    "CVE-2025-59253",
    "CVE-2025-59254",
    "CVE-2025-59255",
    "CVE-2025-59257",
    "CVE-2025-59258",
    "CVE-2025-59259",
    "CVE-2025-59260",
    "CVE-2025-59261",
    "CVE-2025-59275",
    "CVE-2025-59277",
    "CVE-2025-59278",
    "CVE-2025-59280",
    "CVE-2025-59282",
    "CVE-2025-59294",
    "CVE-2025-59295",
    "CVE-2025-62208",
    "CVE-2025-62209"
  );
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5066780");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5066780");
  script_xref(name:"CISA-KNOWN-EXPLOITED", value:"2025/11/04");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0775-S");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0776-S");

  script_name(english:"KB5066780: Windows Server version 23H2 Security Update (October 2025)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Windows host is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote Windows host is missing security update 5066780. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities

  - tif_predict.h and tif_predict.c in libtiff 4.0.6 have assertions that can lead to assertion failures in
    debug mode, or buffer overflows in release mode, when dealing with unusual tile size like YCbCr with
    subsampling. Reported as MSVR 35105, aka Predictor heap-buffer-overflow. (CVE-2016-9535)

  - TCG TPM2.0 Reference implementation's CryptHmacSign helper function is vulnerable to Out-of-Bounds read
    due to the lack of validation the signature scheme with the signature key's algorithm. See Errata Revision
    1.83 and advisory TCGVRT0009 for TCG standard TPM2.0 (CVE-2025-2884)

  - In IGEL OS before 11, Secure Boot can be bypassed because the igel-flash-driver module improperly verifies
    a cryptographic signature. Ultimately, a crafted root filesystem can be mounted from an unverified
    SquashFS image. (CVE-2025-47827)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/help/5066780");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Apply Security Update 5066780");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2016-9535");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss3_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-49708");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/11/22");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/10/14");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/10/14");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_23h2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025-2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("smb_check_rollup.nasl", "smb_hotfixes.nasl", "ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('smb_func.inc');
include('smb_hotfixes.inc');
include('smb_hotfixes_fcheck.inc');
include('smb_reg_query.inc');

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible');

var bulletin = 'MS25-10';
var kbs = make_list(
  '5066780'
);

if (get_kb_item('Host/patch_management_checks')) hotfix_check_3rd_party(bulletin:bulletin, kbs:kbs, severity:SECURITY_HOLE);

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/Registry/Enumerated');
get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/WindowsVersion', exit_code:1);

if (hotfix_check_sp_range(win10:'0') <= 0) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);

var share = hotfix_get_systemdrive(as_share:TRUE, exit_on_fail:TRUE);
if (!is_accessible_share(share:share)) audit(AUDIT_SHARE_FAIL, share);

if (
  smb_check_rollup(os:'10',
                   os_build:25398,
                   rollup_date:'10_2025',
                   bulletin:bulletin,
                   rollup_kb_list:[5066780])
)
{
  replace_kb_item(name:'SMB/Missing/'+bulletin, value:TRUE);
  hotfix_security_hole();
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, hotfix_get_audit_report());
}