Security Updates for Microsoft Visual Studio Products (July 2025)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(241959);
  script_version("1.4");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/01/21");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2025-46334",
    "CVE-2025-27613",
    "CVE-2025-27614",
    "CVE-2025-46334",
    "CVE-2025-46835",
    "CVE-2025-48384",
    "CVE-2025-48385",
    "CVE-2025-48386",
    "CVE-2025-49739"
  );
  script_xref(name:"CISA-KNOWN-EXPLOITED", value:"2025/09/15");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0494-S");

  script_name(english:"Security Updates for Microsoft Visual Studio Products (July 2025)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The Microsoft Visual Studio Products are affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The Microsoft Visual Studio Products are missing security updates. It is, therefore, affected by multiple 
vulnerabilities.

  - Vulnerability in Gitk where when a user clones an untrusted repository and runs Gitk without additional
    command arguments, any writable file can be created and truncated. The option 'Support per-file encoding' 
    must have been enabled. (CVE-2025-27613)

  - Vulnerability in Gitk where a Git repository can be crafted in such a way that a user who has cloned the 
    repository can be tricked into running any script supplied by the attacker by invoking gitk filename, 
    where filename has a particular structure. (CVE-2025-27614)

  - Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') in Visual Studio allows an unauthorized 
    attacker to elevate privileges over a network. (CVE-2025-49739)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's 
self-reported version number.");
  # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/install/visual-studio-build-numbers-and-release-dates?view=vs-2022
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?ac543469");
  # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/install/visual-studio-build-numbers-and-release-dates?view=vs-2019
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?a54d8657");
  # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/visualstudio/visual-studio-2017/install/visual-studio-build-numbers-and-release-dates?view=vs-2017
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?d4d8dfa0");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Microsoft has released the following security updates to address this issue:
    - Update 17.14.8 for Visual Studio 2022
    - Update 17.12.10 for Visual Studio 2022
    - Update 17.10.17 for Visual Studio 2022
    - Update 17.8.23 for Visual Studio 2022
    - Update 16.11.49 for Visual Studio 2019
    - Update 15.9.75 for Visual Studio 2017");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_threat_vector", value:"CVSS:4.0/E:A");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-49739");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss4_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-48385");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_cwe_id(59, 73, 78, 88, 120, 436);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/07/11");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:microsoft:visual_studio");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025-2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl", "microsoft_visual_studio_installed.nbin");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible", "installed_sw/Microsoft Visual Studio", "SMB/Registry/Enumerated");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf_extras_visual_studio.inc');

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/Registry/Enumerated');

var app_info = vcf::visual_studio::get_app_info();

var constraints = [
  {'product': '2017', 'min_version': '15.0', 'fixed_version': '15.9.36227.7', 'fixed_display': '15.9.36227.7 (15.9.75)'},
  {'product': '2019', 'min_version': '16.0', 'fixed_version': '16.11.36227.6', 'fixed_display': '16.11.36227.6 (16.11.49)'},
  {'product': '2022', 'min_version': '17.8', 'fixed_version': '17.8.36227.8', 'fixed_display': '17.8.36227.8 (17.8.23)'},
  {'product': '2022', 'min_version': '17.10', 'fixed_version': '17.10.36227.11', 'fixed_display': '17.10.36227.11 (17.10.17)'},
  {'product': '2022', 'min_version': '17.12', 'fixed_version': '17.12.36227.10', 'fixed_display': '17.12.36227.10 (17.12.10 )'},
  {'product': '2022', 'min_version': '17.14', 'fixed_version': '17.14.36301.6', 'fixed_display': '17.14.36301.6 (17.14.8)'}

];

vcf::visual_studio::check_version_and_report(
  app_info: app_info,
  constraints: constraints,
  severity: SECURITY_HOLE
);