Security Updates for Microsoft SQL Server (July 2025)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(241544);
  script_version("1.4");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2025/10/29");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-49717", "CVE-2025-49718", "CVE-2025-49719");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058712");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058713");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058714");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058716");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058717");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058718");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058721");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5058722");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058712");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058713");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058714");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058716");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058717");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058718");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058721");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5058722");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0492-S");

  script_name(english:"Security Updates for Microsoft SQL Server (July 2025)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The Microsoft SQL Server installation on the remote host is missing a security update.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The Microsoft SQL Server installation on the remote host is missing a security update. It is, therefore, 
affected by the following vulnerabilities:

  - A remote code execution vulnerability. An attacker can exploit this to bypass authentication and execute
    unauthorized arbitrary commands. (CVE-2025-49717)

  - Information disclosure vulnerabilities. An authenticated, remote attacker can exploit this to disclose 
    sensitive database and file information. (CVE-2025-49718, CVE-2025-49719)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058712");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058713");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058714");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058716");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058717");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058718");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058721");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/5058722");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Microsoft has released security updates for Microsoft SQL Server.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-49717");
  script_cwe_id(20, 122, 908);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:microsoft:sql_server");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"thorough_tests", value:"true");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("smb_hotfixes.nasl", "mssql_version.nasl", "smb_enum_services.nasl", "ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, 1433, "Services/mssql", "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf_extras_microsoft.inc');

var app_info = vcf::microsoft::mssql::get_app_info();

var constraints =
[
  {
    'product_version' : '2016',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2015.131.6300.2',
    'fixed_version'   : '2015.131.6460.7',
    'kb'              : '5058718'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2016',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2015.131.7000.253',
    'fixed_version'   : '2015.131.7055.9',
    'kb'              : '5058717'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2017',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2017.140.1000.169',
    'fixed_version'   : '2017.140.2075.8',
    'kb'              : '5058716'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2017',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2017.140.3006.16',
    'fixed_version'   : '2017.140.3495.9',
    'kb'              : '5058714'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2019',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2019.150.2000.5',
    'fixed_version'   : '2019.150.2135.5',
    'kb'              : '5058713'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2019',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2019.150.4003.23',
    'fixed_version'   : '2019.150.4435.7',
    'kb'              : '5058722'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2022',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2022.160.1000.6',
    'fixed_version'   : '2022.160.1140.6',
    'kb'              : '5058712'
  },
  {
    'product_version' : '2022',
    'target_hw'       : 'x64',
    'file'            : 'sqlservr.exe',
    'min_version'     : '2022.160.4003.1',
    'fixed_version'   : '2022.160.4200.1',
    'kb'              : '5058721'
  }
];

vcf::microsoft::mssql::check_version_and_report(
  app_info          : app_info,
  constraints       : constraints,
  bulletin          : 'MS25-07',
  severity          : SECURITY_HOLE
);