KB5062554: Windows 10 version 21H2 / Windows 10 Version 22H2 Security Update (July 2025)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.

#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from the Microsoft Security Updates API. The text
# itself is copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(241563);
  script_version("1.6");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2025/10/29");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2025-36350",
    "CVE-2025-36357",
    "CVE-2025-47159",
    "CVE-2025-47971",
    "CVE-2025-47972",
    "CVE-2025-47973",
    "CVE-2025-47975",
    "CVE-2025-47976",
    "CVE-2025-47980",
    "CVE-2025-47981",
    "CVE-2025-47982",
    "CVE-2025-47984",
    "CVE-2025-47985",
    "CVE-2025-47986",
    "CVE-2025-47987",
    "CVE-2025-47991",
    "CVE-2025-47996",
    "CVE-2025-47999",
    "CVE-2025-48000",
    "CVE-2025-48001",
    "CVE-2025-48003",
    "CVE-2025-48799",
    "CVE-2025-48800",
    "CVE-2025-48803",
    "CVE-2025-48804",
    "CVE-2025-48805",
    "CVE-2025-48806",
    "CVE-2025-48808",
    "CVE-2025-48811",
    "CVE-2025-48814",
    "CVE-2025-48815",
    "CVE-2025-48816",
    "CVE-2025-48817",
    "CVE-2025-48818",
    "CVE-2025-48819",
    "CVE-2025-48820",
    "CVE-2025-48821",
    "CVE-2025-48822",
    "CVE-2025-48823",
    "CVE-2025-49658",
    "CVE-2025-49659",
    "CVE-2025-49660",
    "CVE-2025-49661",
    "CVE-2025-49664",
    "CVE-2025-49665",
    "CVE-2025-49667",
    "CVE-2025-49675",
    "CVE-2025-49678",
    "CVE-2025-49679",
    "CVE-2025-49680",
    "CVE-2025-49682",
    "CVE-2025-49683",
    "CVE-2025-49684",
    "CVE-2025-49685",
    "CVE-2025-49686",
    "CVE-2025-49687",
    "CVE-2025-49689",
    "CVE-2025-49690",
    "CVE-2025-49691",
    "CVE-2025-49721",
    "CVE-2025-49722",
    "CVE-2025-49723",
    "CVE-2025-49724",
    "CVE-2025-49725",
    "CVE-2025-49726",
    "CVE-2025-49727",
    "CVE-2025-49730",
    "CVE-2025-49732",
    "CVE-2025-49733",
    "CVE-2025-49740",
    "CVE-2025-49742",
    "CVE-2025-49744",
    "CVE-2025-49760",
    "CVE-2025-55230"
  );
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5062554");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS25-5062554");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0507-S");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0506-S");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0631-S");

  script_name(english:"KB5062554: Windows 10 version 21H2 / Windows 10 Version 22H2 Security Update (July 2025)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Windows host is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote Windows host is missing security update 5062554. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities

  - Buffer over-read in Windows TDX.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
    (CVE-2025-49659)

  - Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') in Windows Update Service allows an
    authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. (CVE-2025-48799)

  - Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') in Windows AppX Deployment Service allows
    an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. (CVE-2025-48820)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/help/5062554");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Apply Security Update 5062554");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-49659");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
  script_cwe_id(20, 23, 59, 73, 122, 125, 126, 190, 191, 197, 200, 284, 306, 326, 349, 353, 362, 367, 400, 415, 416, 476, 591, 693, 787, 820, 822, 843, 862);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/07/08");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("smb_check_rollup.nasl", "smb_hotfixes.nasl", "ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('smb_func.inc');
include('smb_hotfixes.inc');
include('smb_hotfixes_fcheck.inc');
include('smb_reg_query.inc');

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible');

var bulletin = 'MS25-07';
var kbs = make_list(
  '5062554'
);

if (get_kb_item('Host/patch_management_checks')) hotfix_check_3rd_party(bulletin:bulletin, kbs:kbs, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);

get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/Registry/Enumerated');
get_kb_item_or_exit('SMB/WindowsVersion', exit_code:1);

if (hotfix_check_sp_range(win10:'0') <= 0) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);

var share = hotfix_get_systemdrive(as_share:TRUE, exit_on_fail:TRUE);
if (!is_accessible_share(share:share)) audit(AUDIT_SHARE_FAIL, share);

var os_name = get_kb_item("SMB/ProductName");

if ( (("enterprise" >< tolower(os_name) && "ltsc" >< tolower(os_name))
  &&
  smb_check_rollup(os:'10',
                   os_build:19044,
                  rollup_date:'07_2025',
                   bulletin:bulletin,
                   rollup_kb_list:[5062554])
)
||
  smb_check_rollup(os:'10',
                   os_build:19045,
                   rollup_date:'07_2025',
                   bulletin:bulletin,
                   rollup_kb_list:[5062554])
)
{
  replace_kb_item(name:'SMB/Missing/'+bulletin, value:TRUE);
  hotfix_security_hole();
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, hotfix_get_audit_report());
}