Security Updates for Microsoft Exchange Server (April 2025)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(245204);
  script_version("1.5");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/01/21");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-53786");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS24-5047155");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS24-5050672");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS24-5050673");
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS24-5050674");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5047155");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5050672");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5050673");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"5050674");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0562-S");

  script_name(english:"Security Updates for Microsoft Exchange Server (April 2025)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The Microsoft Exchange Server installed on the remote host is affected by a vulnerability.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The Microsoft Exchange Server installed on the remote host is missing a security update. It is, therefore, affected by a
vulnerability as referenced in the April 2025 security bulletin.

  - Microsoft Exchange Server Hybrid Deployment Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability (CVE-2025-53786)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.microsoft.com/help/5050673");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Microsoft has released the following security updates to address this issue:
  -KB5047155
  -KB5050672
  -KB5050673
  -KB5050674
Please note that Microsoft has reclassified the April 2025 as security update.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:H/Au:M/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-53786");
  script_cwe_id(287);

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/08/06");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/04/18");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/08/07");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"potential_vulnerability", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:microsoft:exchange_server:2019");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025-2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl", "microsoft_exchange_installed.nbin");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible", "Settings/ParanoidReport");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf.inc');
include('vcf_extras_microsoft.inc');

var app_info = vcf::microsoft::exchange::get_app_info();

# if installed, audit as potential if paranoia is not set
if (report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_PARANOID);

var constraints = [
  { 'fixed_version' : '15.1.2507.055', 'product' : '2016', 'cu' : 23, 'unsupported_cu' : 22, 'kb' : '5050674' },
  { 'fixed_version' : '15.2.1544.025', 'product' : '2019', 'cu' : 14, 'unsupported_cu' : 13, 'kb' : '5050673' },
  { 'fixed_version' : '15.2.1748.024', 'product' : '2019', 'cu' : 15, 'unsupported_cu' : 13, 'kb' : '5050672' }
];

vcf::microsoft::exchange::check_version_and_report(
  app_info:app_info,
  bulletin:'MS25-04',
  constraints:constraints,
  severity:SECURITY_WARNING
);