Amazon Linux 2023 : bsdcat, bsdcpio, bsdtar (ALAS2023-2025-1091)

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80900
##
# (C) Tenable, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from Amazon Linux 2023 Security Advisory ALAS2023-2025-1091.
##

include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(243483);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2026/04/30");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2025-5915", "CVE-2025-5917");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2025-A-0551-S");

  script_name(english:"Amazon Linux 2023 : bsdcat, bsdcpio, bsdtar (ALAS2023-2025-1091)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Amazon Linux 2023 host is missing a security update.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2025-1091 advisory.

    A vulnerability has been identified in the libarchive library. This flaw can lead to a heap buffer over-
    read due to the size of a filter block potentially exceeding the Lempel-Ziv-Storer-Schieber (LZSS) window.
    This means the library may attempt to read beyond the allocated memory buffer, which can result in
    unpredictable program behavior, crashes (denial of service), or the disclosure of sensitive information
    from adjacent memory regions. (CVE-2025-5915)

    A vulnerability has been identified in the libarchive library. This flaw involves an 'off-by-one'
    miscalculation when handling prefixes and suffixes for file names. This can lead to a 1-byte write
    overflow. While seemingly small, such an overflow can corrupt adjacent memory, leading to unpredictable
    program behavior, crashes, or in specific circumstances, could be leveraged as a building block for more
    sophisticated exploitation. (CVE-2025-5917)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the tested product security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version
number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://alas.aws.amazon.com//AL2023/ALAS2023-2025-1091.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://alas.aws.amazon.com/faqs.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://explore.alas.aws.amazon.com/CVE-2025-5915.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://explore.alas.aws.amazon.com/CVE-2025-5917.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Run 'dnf update libarchive --releasever 2023.8.20250721' to update your system.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2025-5915");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2025/06/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2025/08/04");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2025/08/04");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdcat");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdcat-debuginfo");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdcpio");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdcpio-debuginfo");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdtar");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdtar-debuginfo");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdunzip");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:bsdunzip-debuginfo");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:libarchive");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:libarchive-debuginfo");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:libarchive-debugsource");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:amazon:linux:libarchive-devel");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:amazon:linux:2023");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Amazon Linux Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2025-2026 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/AmazonLinux/release", "Host/AmazonLinux/rpm-list");

  exit(0);
}

include("rpm.inc");

if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);

var alas_release = get_kb_item("Host/AmazonLinux/release");
if (isnull(alas_release) || !strlen(alas_release)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Amazon Linux");
var os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: "^AL(A|\d+|-\d+)", string:alas_release);
if (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, "Amazon Linux");
os_ver = os_ver[1];
if (os_ver != "-2023")
{
  if (os_ver == 'A') os_ver = 'AMI';
  audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Amazon Linux 2023", "Amazon Linux " + os_ver);
}

if (!get_kb_item("Host/AmazonLinux/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

var pkgs = [
    {'reference':'bsdcat-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcat-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcat-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcat-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcpio-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcpio-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcpio-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdcpio-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdtar-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdtar-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdtar-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdtar-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdunzip-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdunzip-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdunzip-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'bsdunzip-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-debuginfo-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-debugsource-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-debugsource-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-devel-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'aarch64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE},
    {'reference':'libarchive-devel-3.7.4-2.amzn2023.0.4', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'AL-2023', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE}
];

var flag = 0;
foreach var package_array ( pkgs ) {
  var reference = NULL;
  var _release = NULL;
  var sp = NULL;
  var _cpu = NULL;
  var el_string = NULL;
  var rpm_spec_vers_cmp = NULL;
  var epoch = NULL;
  var allowmaj = NULL;
  var exists_check = NULL;
  var cves = NULL;
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['reference'])) reference = package_array['reference'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['release'])) _release = package_array['release'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['sp'])) sp = package_array['sp'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['cpu'])) _cpu = package_array['cpu'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['el_string'])) el_string = package_array['el_string'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'])) rpm_spec_vers_cmp = package_array['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['epoch'])) epoch = package_array['epoch'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['allowmaj'])) allowmaj = package_array['allowmaj'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['exists_check'])) exists_check = package_array['exists_check'];
  if (!empty_or_null(package_array['cves'])) cves = package_array['cves'];
  if (reference && _release && (!exists_check || rpm_exists(release:_release, rpm:exists_check))) {
    if (rpm_check(release:_release, sp:sp, cpu:_cpu, reference:reference, epoch:epoch, el_string:el_string, rpm_spec_vers_cmp:rpm_spec_vers_cmp, allowmaj:allowmaj, cves:cves)) flag++;
  }
}

if (flag)
{
  security_report_v4(
      port       : 0,
      severity   : SECURITY_NOTE,
      extra      : rpm_report_get()
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  var tested = pkg_tests_get();
  if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
  else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "bsdcat / bsdcat-debuginfo / bsdcpio / etc");
}