Vonets WiFi Bridges

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 10.0 *ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Vonets
• Equipment: VAR1200-H, VAR1200-L, VAR600-H, VAP11AC, VAP11G-500S, VBG1200, VAP11S-5G, VAP11S, VAR11N-300, VAP11G-300, VAP11N-300, VAP11G, VAP11G-500, VBG1200, VAP11AC, VGA-1000
• Vulnerabilities: Use of Hard-coded Credentials, Improper Access Control, Path Traversal, Command Injection, Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions, Stack Based Buffer Overflow, Direct Request

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to disclose sensitive information, cause a denial-of-service condition, or execute arbitrary code on the affected device.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

At least the following Vonets products are affected:

• VAR1200-H: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAR1200-L: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAR600-H: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11AC: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11G-500S: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VBG1200: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11S-5G: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11S: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAR11N-300: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11G-300: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11N-300: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11G: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11G-500: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VBG1200: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VAP11AC: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior
• VGA-1000: Versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication using hard-coded administrator credentials. These accounts cannot be disabled.

CVE-2024-41161 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-41161. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL CWE-284

Improper Access Control vulnerability affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication and factory reset the device via unprotected goform endpoints.

CVE-2024-29082 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-29082. A base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY (‘Path Traversal’) CWE-22

A Directory Traversal vulnerability affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to read arbitrary files and bypass authentication.

CVE-2024-41936 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-41936. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND (‘COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-77

Multiple OS Command Injection vulnerabilities affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enable an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands via various endpoint parameters.

CVE-2024-37023 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-37023. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.5IMPROPER CHECK OR HANDLING OF EXCEPTIONAL CONDITIONS CWE-703

Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enable an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). A specially-crafted HTTP request to preauthentication resources can crash the service.

CVE-2024-39815 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-39815. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6STACK BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121

Stack-Based Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enable an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2024-39791 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-39791. A base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.7DIRECT REQUEST (‘FORCED BROWSING’) CWE-425

An Improper Authentication vulnerability affecting Vonets Industrial WiFi Bridge Relays and WiFi Bridge Repeaters software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication via a specially crafted direct request when another user has an active session.

CVE-2024-42001 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-42001. A base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Communications
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: China

3.4 RESEARCHER

Wodzen reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Vonets has not responded to requests to work with CISA to mitigate these vulnerabilities. Users of the affected products are encouraged to contact Vonets support for additional information.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities have been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• August 1, 2024: Initial Publication