Incorrect permissions are set by default for an API entry-point of a specific service, allowing a non-authenticated user to trigger a function that could reboot the device remotely.
3. Update the firmware on CompactRIO controllers to v8.5 or higher. Refer to Upgrading Firmware on my NI Linux Real-Time Device for directions on how to update the firmware on current controllers. Updating the firmware patches the Safe Mode where defaults are loaded.
5. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 for each affected CompactRIO target.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:
Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
For industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics
or incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
This product is provided subject to this Notification and this Privacy & Use policy.
Please share your thoughts.
We recently updated our anonymous product survey; we'd welcome your feedback.
{"id": "ICSA-20-338-01", "bulletinFamily": "info", "title": "National Instruments CompactRIO", "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 7.5**\n * ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit\n * Vendor: National Instruments Corp. (NI)\n * Equipment: CompactRIO\n * Vulnerability: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource\n\n## 2\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to reboot the device remotely.\n\n## 3\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following versions of CompactRIO, a real-time embedded industrial controller, are affected:\n\n * CompactRIO: Driver versions prior to 20.5 \n\n### 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 3.2.1 [INCORRECT PERMISSION ASSIGNMENT FOR CRITICAL RESOURCE CWE-732](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/732.html>)\n\nIncorrect permissions are set by default for an API entry-point of a specific service, allowing a non-authenticated user to trigger a function that could reboot the device remotely. \n\n[CVE-2020-25191](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-25191>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H>)).\n\n### 3.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Critical Manufacturing \n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED:** Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:** United States\n\n### 3.4 RESEARCHER\n\nResearchers of Titanium Industrial Security reported this vulnerability to the Spanish National Institute of Cybersecurity (INCIBE).\n\n## 4\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nNI recommends the following steps for mitigation:\n\n1\\. Download the [NI CompactRIO 20.5 Driver](<https://www.ni.com/en-us/support/downloads/drivers/download.ni-compactrio.html#356497>). \n\n2\\. Install the driver on host computer.\n\n3\\. Update the firmware on CompactRIO controllers to v8.5 or higher. Refer to [Upgrading Firmware on my NI Linux Real-Time Device](<https://knowledge.ni.com/KnowledgeArticleDetails?id=kA00Z000000P7OpSAK&l=en-US>) for directions on how to update the firmware on current controllers. Updating the firmware patches the Safe Mode where defaults are loaded.\n\n4\\. Format the target to apply the new safemode default permissions. Refer to [How to Restore LabVIEW RT Target to Factory Default Configuration](<https://knowledge.ni.com/KnowledgeArticleDetails?id=kA00Z000000P9Y3SAK&l=en-US>) for directions on how to format and reinstall software on target.\n\n5\\. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 for each affected CompactRIO target.\n\nCISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are [not accessible from the Internet](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01>).\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.\n\nCISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. \n \nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/recommended-practices>) on the ICS webpage on [us-cert.cisa.gov](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics>). Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including [Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the [ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics>) in the Technical Information Paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>). \n \nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability. \n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://surveymonkey.com/r/G8STDRY?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-338-01>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "published": "2020-12-03T00:00:00", "modified": "2020-12-03T00:00:00", "cvss": {"score": 7.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C"}, "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov//ics/advisories/icsa-20-338-01", "reporter": "Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team", "references": ["https://knowledge.ni.com/KnowledgeArticleDetails?id=kA00Z000000P7OpSAK&l=en-US", "https://knowledge.ni.com/KnowledgeArticleDetails?id=kA00Z000000P9Y3SAK&l=en-US", "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf", "https://www.dhs.gov/homeland-security-no-fear-act-reporting", "https://www.dhs.gov/plug-information", "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/732.html", "https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy", "https://www.whitehouse.gov/", "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-25191", "https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fus-cert.cisa.gov%2Fics%2Fadvisories%2Ficsa-20-338-01", "https://www.dhs.gov/plain-writing-dhs", "https://www.ni.com/en-us/support/downloads/drivers/download.ni-compactrio.html#356497", "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01", "https://www.oig.dhs.gov/", "https://surveymonkey.com/r/G8STDRY?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-338-01", "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics", "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics", "https://www.dhs.gov/freedom-information-act-foia", "http://twitter.com/icscert", "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B", "https://www.dhs.gov", "https://www.usa.gov/", "https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fus-cert.cisa.gov%2Fics%2Fadvisories%2Ficsa-20-338-01", "https://www.dhs.gov/", "http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fus-cert.cisa.gov%2Fics%2Fadvisories%2Ficsa-20-338-01", "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/recommended-practices"], "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-25191"], "type": "ics", "lastseen": "2020-12-18T03:21:51", "edition": 3, "viewCount": 12, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2020-25191"]}], "modified": "2020-12-18T03:21:51", "rev": 2}, "score": {"value": 5.9, "vector": "NONE", "modified": "2020-12-18T03:21:51", "rev": 2}, "vulnersScore": 5.9}, "scheme": null}
{"cve": [{"lastseen": "2020-12-15T13:50:35", "description": "Incorrect permissions are set by default for an API entry-point of a specific service, allowing a non-authenticated user to trigger a function that could reboot the CompactRIO (Driver versions prior to 20.5) remotely.", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2020-12-11T02:15:00", "title": "CVE-2020-25191", "type": "cve", "cwe": ["CWE-732"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 6.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-25191"], "modified": "2020-12-14T17:09:00", "cpe": [], "id": "CVE-2020-25191", "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-25191", "cvss": {"score": 7.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C"}, "cpe23": []}]}
