## OVERVIEW
Adam Crain of Automatak and Chris Sistrunk of Mandiant have identified a resource exhaustion vulnerability in the Kepware Technologies’ DNP Master Driver for the KEPServerEX Communications Platform. Kepware Technologies has produced a new version that mitigates this vulnerability.
This vulnerability could be exploited remotely.
## AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions are affected:
* Kepware Technologies’ DNP Master Driver for the KEPServerEX Communications Platform Versions 5.16.728.0 and earlier.
## IMPACT
An attacker who exploits this response processing vulnerability may be able to crash the OPC Server application software running on the target system.
Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of this vulnerability based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation.
## BACKGROUND
Kepware Technologies is a US-based company that maintains offices primarily in Portland, Maine. The KEPServerEX Communications Platform is used for industry and third-party connectivity communication software for automation, both OPC and embedded device communications.
The affected product is a Microsoft Windows-based software that facilitates connectivity to multiple DNP3 compliant devices such as HMI, RTU, PLC and meters.
According to Kepware Technologies, the KEPServerEX is deployed worldwide in over 100 countries, across several sectors including Chemical, Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Information Technology, and Water and Wastewater Systems.
## VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION
### VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
### UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION (RESOURCE EXHAUSTION)a
A vague interpretation of the DNP3 protocol may allow a specially crafted response to create large numbers of entries in the master in some implementations. This is not a universal problem for all DNP3 users, vendors, or integrators, but it may occur.
CVE-2014-5425b has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v2 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P).c
### VULNERABILITY DETAILS
#### EXPLOITABILITY
This vulnerability could be exploited remotely.
#### EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT
No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.
#### DIFFICULTY
An attacker with a moderate skill would be able to exploit this vulnerability.
## MITIGATION
Remote devices should not return a variation of 0 to a master, and a master that encounters a zero length message from a remote should stop processing that message.
DNP3 Application Note AN2013-004b Validation of Incoming DNP3 Data, published August 13, 2014, addresses this issue. This bulletin may be downloaded at:
<https://www.dnp.org/DNP3Downloads/AN2013-004b%20Validation%20of%20Incoming%20DNP3%20Data.pdf>)
Kepware Technologies has produced a new version of the software, V5.17.495.0, which resolves the vulnerability. Information about the new version is available at the Kepware support site to registered users at (login required):
<https://my.kepware.com/mykepware/Login.aspx>
Kepware Technical Support can be called at:
207-775-1660 or 1-888-537-9273, Ext 211. Hours of operation are 8am to 5pm US Eastern Time (GMT‑5), Monday to Friday.
Kepware Technical email is: [technical.support@kepware.com](<mailto:technical.support@kepware.com>).
ICS-CERT encourages asset owners to take additional defensive measures to protect against this and other cybersecurity risks.
* Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
* Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.
* When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS-CERT web page at: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS‑CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B—Targeted Cyber Intrusion Mitigation Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site (http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
* aCWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ('Resource Exhaustion'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.
* bNVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-5425, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.
* cCVSS Calculator, http://nvd.nist.gov/cvss.cfm?version=2&vector=AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.
##
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
Email: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>)
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
For industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics
or incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
This product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.
**Please share your thoughts.**
We recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-15-055-02>); we'd welcome your feedback.
{"id": "ICSA-15-055-02", "vendorId": null, "type": "ics", "bulletinFamily": "info", "title": "Kepware Resource Exhaustion Vulnerability", "description": "## OVERVIEW\n\nAdam Crain of Automatak and Chris Sistrunk of Mandiant have identified a resource exhaustion vulnerability in the Kepware Technologies\u2019 DNP Master Driver for the KEPServerEX Communications Platform. Kepware Technologies has produced a new version that mitigates this vulnerability.\n\nThis vulnerability could be exploited remotely.\n\n## AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following versions are affected:\n\n * Kepware Technologies\u2019 DNP Master Driver for the KEPServerEX Communications Platform Versions 5.16.728.0 and earlier.\n\n## IMPACT\n\nAn attacker who exploits this response processing vulnerability may be able to crash the OPC Server application software running on the target system.\n\nImpact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of this vulnerability based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation.\n\n## BACKGROUND\n\nKepware Technologies is a US-based company that maintains offices primarily in Portland, Maine. The KEPServerEX Communications Platform is used for industry and third-party connectivity communication software for automation, both OPC and embedded device communications.\n\nThe affected product is a Microsoft Windows-based software that facilitates connectivity to multiple DNP3 compliant devices such as HMI, RTU, PLC and meters.\n\nAccording to Kepware Technologies, the KEPServerEX is deployed worldwide in over 100 countries, across several sectors including Chemical, Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Information Technology, and Water and Wastewater Systems.\n\n## VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION\n\n### VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n### UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION (RESOURCE EXHAUSTION)a\n\nA vague interpretation of the DNP3 protocol may allow a specially crafted response to create large numbers of entries in the master in some implementations. This is not a universal problem for all DNP3 users, vendors, or integrators, but it may occur.\n\nCVE-2014-5425b has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v2 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P).c\n\n### VULNERABILITY DETAILS\n\n#### EXPLOITABILITY\n\nThis vulnerability could be exploited remotely.\n\n#### EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.\n\n#### DIFFICULTY\n\nAn attacker with a moderate skill would be able to exploit this vulnerability.\n\n## MITIGATION\n\nRemote devices should not return a variation of 0 to a master, and a master that encounters a zero length message from a remote should stop processing that message.\n\nDNP3 Application Note AN2013-004b Validation of Incoming DNP3 Data, published August 13, 2014, addresses this issue. This bulletin may be downloaded at:\n\n<https://www.dnp.org/DNP3Downloads/AN2013-004b%20Validation%20of%20Incoming%20DNP3%20Data.pdf>)\n\nKepware Technologies has produced a new version of the software, V5.17.495.0, which resolves the vulnerability. Information about the new version is available at the Kepware support site to registered users at (login required):\n\n<https://my.kepware.com/mykepware/Login.aspx>\n\nKepware Technical Support can be called at:\n\n207-775-1660 or 1-888-537-9273, Ext 211. Hours of operation are 8am to 5pm US Eastern Time (GMT\u20115), Monday to Friday.\n\nKepware Technical email is: [technical.support@kepware.com](<mailto:technical.support@kepware.com>).\n\nICS-CERT encourages asset owners to take additional defensive measures to protect against this and other cybersecurity risks.\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.\n\nICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS-CERT web page at: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS\u2011CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B\u2014Targeted Cyber Intrusion Mitigation Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site (http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).\n\nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\n * aCWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ('Resource Exhaustion'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.\n * bNVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-5425, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.\n * cCVSS Calculator, http://nvd.nist.gov/cvss.cfm?version=2&vector=AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.\n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-15-055-02>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "published": "2015-02-24T00:00:00", "modified": "2018-08-29T00:00:00", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"}, "cvss2": {"cvssV2": {"version": "2.0", "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "accessComplexity": "LOW", "authentication": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0}, "severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false}, "cvss3": {}, "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-15-055-02", "reporter": "Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team", "references": ["https://www.cisa.gov/uscert", "https://www.cisa.gov", "https://www.cisa.gov", "https://www.cisa.gov/ics", "https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fus-cert.cisa.gov%2Fics%2Fadvisories%2FICSA-15-055-02", "https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fus-cert.cisa.gov%2Fics%2Fadvisories%2FICSA-15-055-02", "http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fus-cert.cisa.gov%2Fics%2Fadvisories%2FICSA-15-055-02", "https://www.dnp.org/DNP3Downloads/AN2013-004b%20Validation%20of%20Incoming%20DNP3%20Data.pdf", "https://my.kepware.com/mykepware/Login.aspx", "https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy", "https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-15-055-02", "http://twitter.com/icscert", "https://www.dhs.gov", "https://www.dhs.gov/freedom-information-act-foia", "https://www.dhs.gov/homeland-security-no-fear-act-reporting", "https://www.dhs.gov/plain-writing-dhs", "https://www.dhs.gov/plug-information", "https://www.oig.dhs.gov/", "https://www.whitehouse.gov/", "https://www.usa.gov/", "https://www.dhs.gov/"], "cvelist": ["CVE-2014-5425"], "immutableFields": [], "lastseen": "2022-04-26T22:29:02", "viewCount": 17, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2014-5425"]}, {"type": "ics", "idList": ["ICSA-14-289-01", "ICSA-15-055-01"]}]}, "score": {"value": 0.1, "vector": "NONE"}, "backreferences": {"references": [{"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2014-5425"]}, {"type": "ics", "idList": ["ICSA-13-011-01", "ICSA-13-149-01"]}, {"type": "threatpost", "idList": ["THREATPOST:134A95E2E7432DE5E6F46316E469C55B", "THREATPOST:75B109B5B464EBEE349E710C31FA89E1"]}]}, "exploitation": null, "vulnersScore": 0.1}, "_state": {"dependencies": 1659832327, "score": 1659703426}, "_internal": {}}
{"ics": [{"lastseen": "2022-04-26T22:29:02", "description": "## OVERVIEW\n\nAdam Crain of Automatak and Chris Sistrunk of Mandiant have identified a resource exhaustion vulnerability in the Software Toolbox Top Server application. Software Toolbox has produced a new version that mitigates this vulnerability.\n\nThis vulnerability could be exploited remotely.\n\n## AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following Software Toolbox Top Server versions are affected:\n\n * Software Toolbox Top Server Versions 5.16 and earlier.\n\n## IMPACT\n\nAn attacker who exploits this response processing vulnerability may be able to crash the OPC Server application software running on the target.\n\nImpact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of this vulnerability based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation.\n\n## BACKGROUND\n\nSoftware Toolbox is a US-based company that maintains offices primarily in Matthews, North Carolina. The TOP Server application is used as an industrial third-party connectivity communication software for OPC and embedded device communication users, system integrators, and in OEM automated processes worldwide.\n\nThe affected product, Top Server, is a Microsoft Windows-based software that facilitates connectivity to multiple DNP3 compliant devices such as HMI, RTU, PLC, sensors and meters.\n\nAccording to Software Toolbox, Top Server is deployed worldwide across several sectors including Chemical, Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Information Technology, and Water and Wastewater Systems.\n\n## VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION\n\n### VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n### UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION (RESOURCE EXHAUSTION)a\n\nA vague interpretation of the DNP3 protocol may allow a specially crafted response to create large numbers of entries in the master in some implementations. This is not a universal problem for all DNP3 users, vendors, or integrators, but it may occur.\n\nCVE-2014-5425b has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v2 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P).c\n\n### VULNERABILITY DETAILS\n\n#### EXPLOITABILITY\n\nThis vulnerability could be exploited remotely.\n\n#### EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.\n\n#### DIFFICULTY\n\nAn attacker with a moderate skill would be able to exploit this vulnerability.\n\n## MITIGATION\n\nRemote devices should not return a variation of 0 to a master, and a master that encounters a zero length message from a remote should stop processing that message.\n\nDNP3 Application Note AN2013-004b Validation of Incoming DNP3 Data, published August 13, 2014, addresses this issue. This bulletin may be downloaded at:\n\n<https://www.dnp.org/DNP3Downloads/AN2013-004b%20Validation%20of%20Incoming%20DNP3%20Data.pdf>)\n\nSoftware Toolbox has produced a new version of Top Server software, V5.17.495.0, which resolves the vulnerability. Information about the new version is available at the Software Toolbox support site:\n\n<http://www.toolboxopc.com/html/support.asp>\n\nTelephone support is available to trial and registered users 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. US Eastern Time (GMT\u20115), Monday through Friday.\n\nUS Toll Free \u2013 1-888-665-3678\n\nGlobal \u2013 1-704-849-2773\n\nICS-CERT encourages asset owners to take additional defensive measures to protect against this and other cybersecurity risks.\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.\n\nICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS-CERT web page at: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS\u2011CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B\u2014Targeted Cyber Intrusion Mitigation Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site (http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).\n\nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\n * aCWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ('Resource Exhaustion'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.\n * bNVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-5425, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.\n * cCVSS Calculator, http://nvd.nist.gov/cvss.cfm?version=2&vector=AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P, web site last accessed February 24, 2015.\n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-15-055-01>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2015-02-24T00:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "Software Toolbox Top Server Resource Exhaustion Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2014-5425"], "modified": "2018-08-27T00:00:00", "id": "ICSA-15-055-01", "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-15-055-01", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-04-26T22:30:38", "description": "## OVERVIEW\n\nChris Sistrunk of Mandiant and Adam Crain of Automatak have identified an out of bound read vulnerability in the IOServer application. IOServer has produced a new version that mitigates this vulnerability. Adam Crain has tested the new version to validate that it resolves the vulnerability.\n\nThis vulnerability could be exploited remotely.\n\n## AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following IOServer versions are affected:\n\n * IOServer Version 1.0.20 and older.\n\n## IMPACT\n\nAn attacker who exploits this out of bound read vulnerability may be able to crash the OPC Server application software running on the target system.\n\nImpact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of this vulnerability based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation.\n\n## BACKGROUND\n\nIOServer is an Australian company based in Sydney, Australia.\n\nThe affected product, IOServer, is a Windows-based (WindowsNT/95/98/ME/2000/2003/XP/2008/7) OPC Server that allows OPC clients, such as human-machine interface and supervisory control and data acquisition systems, to exchange plant floor data with programmable logic circuits. According to IOServer, the affected product is deployed across multiple sectors including critical manufacturing, water and wastewater systems, energy, and others.\n\n## VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION\n\n### VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n### UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION (RESOURCE EXHAUSTION)a\n\nA vague interpretation of the DNP3 protocol may allow a null header to cause an out of bound read command to create large numbers of entries in the master in some implementations. This is not a universal problem for all DNP3 users, vendors or integrators, but it may occur.\n\nCVE-2014-5425b has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v2 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P).c\n\n### VULNERABILITY DETAILS\n\n#### EXPLOITABILITY\n\nThis vulnerability could be exploited remotely.\n\n#### EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.\n\n#### DIFFICULTY\n\nAn attacker with a moderate skill would be able to exploit this vulnerability.\n\n## MITIGATION\n\nDNP3 Application Note AN2013-004b Validation of Incoming DNP3 Data, published August 13, 2014, addresses this issue. This bulletin may be downloaded at URL:\n\n<https://www.dnp.org/DNP3Downloads/AN2013-004b%20Validation%20of%20Incoming%20DNP3%20Data.pdf>)\n\nIOServer has produced a new version that mitigates the vulnerability. The new version, Beta2112.exe, is available for download here:\n\n<http://www.ioserver.com/>\n\nRemote devices should not return a variation of 0 to a master, and a master that encounters a zero length message from a remote is suppose to stop processing that message.\n\nICS-CERT encourages asset owners to take additional defensive measures to protect against this and other cybersecurity risks.\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.\n\nICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS-CERT web page at: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS\u2011CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site (http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).\n\nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nIn addition, ICS-CERT recommends that users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks.\n\n 1. Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages.\n 2. Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scamsd for more information on avoiding email scams.\n 3. Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attackse for more information on social engineering attacks.\n * aCWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html, web site last accessed October 16, 2014.\n * bNVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-5425, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory.\n * cCVSS Calculator, http://nvd.nist.gov/cvss.cfm?version=2&vector=AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P, web site last accessed October 16, 2014.\n * dRecognizing and Avoiding Email Scams, http://www.us-cert.gov/reading_room/emailscams_0905.pdf, web site last accessed October 16, 2014.\n * eNational Cyber Alert System Cyber Security Tip ST04-014, http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/tips/ST04-014.html, web site last accessed October 16, 2014.\n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-14-289-01>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2014-10-16T00:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "IOServer Resource Exhaustion Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2014-5425"], "modified": "2018-08-22T00:00:00", "id": "ICSA-14-289-01", "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-14-289-01", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"}}], "cve": [{"lastseen": "2022-03-23T13:44:22", "description": "IOServer before Beta2112.exe allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and master entry consumption) via a null DNP3 header.", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2014-10-19T01:55:00", "type": "cve", "title": "CVE-2014-5425", "cwe": ["CWE-399"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2014-5425"], "modified": "2014-10-22T18:15:00", "cpe": ["cpe:/a:ioserver:ioserver:1.0.20.0"], "id": "CVE-2014-5425", "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-5425", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"}, "cpe23": ["cpe:2.3:a:ioserver:ioserver:1.0.20.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}]}