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{"id": "CVE-2020-25632", "vendorId": null, "type": "cve", "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "title": "CVE-2020-25632", "description": "A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency without checking if any other dependent module is still loaded leading to a use-after-free scenario. This could allow arbitrary code to be executed or a bypass of Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.", "published": "2021-03-03T17:15:00", "modified": "2023-11-07T03:20:00", "epss": [{"cve": "CVE-2020-25632", "epss": 0.00042, "percentile": 0.05731, "modified": "2023-12-02"}], "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "cvss2": {"cvssV2": {"version": "2.0", "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "accessComplexity": "LOW", "authentication": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2}, "severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false}, "cvss3": {"cvssV3": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.5, "impactScore": 6.0}, "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-25632", "reporter": "secalert@redhat.com", "references": ["https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1879577", "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202104-05", "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220325-0001/", "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZWZ36QK4IKU6MWDWNOOWKPH3WXZBHT2R/"], "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-25632"], "immutableFields": [], "lastseen": "2023-12-02T15:58:15", "viewCount": 216, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2021:0696", "ALSA-2021:1734", "ALSA-2021:2566"]}, {"type": "alpinelinux", "idList": ["ALPINE:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "amazon", "idList": ["ALAS2-2021-1684"]}, {"type": "archlinux", "idList": ["ASA-202106-43"]}, {"type": "cbl_mariner", "idList": ["CBLMARINER:3931", "CBLMARINER:6461"]}, {"type": "debian", "idList": ["DEBIAN:DSA-4867-1:7DFCD", "DEBIAN:DSA-4867-1:C31EC"]}, {"type": "debiancve", "idList": ["DEBIANCVE:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "fedora", "idList": ["FEDORA:0311A304C5D2", "FEDORA:2C805304C743", "FEDORA:482AD312AD6B", "FEDORA:5DC52306C90A", "FEDORA:D12B9304C743", "FEDORA:E96CA304C35D"]}, {"type": "gentoo", "idList": ["GLSA-202104-05"]}, {"type": "hp", "idList": ["HP:C06707446", "HPSBHF03799"]}, {"type": "ibm", "idList": ["B80D2752DA6D220C15B399D294DC83B951CF616E39EF752AB12C0553D569D418"]}, {"type": "ics", "idList": ["ICSA-21-336-06"]}, {"type": "mageia", "idList": ["MGASA-2021-0315"]}, {"type": "mscve", "idList": ["MS:ADV200011"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["AL2_ALAS-2021-1684.NASL", "ALMA_LINUX_ALSA-2021-0696.NASL", "ALMA_LINUX_ALSA-2021-1734.NASL", "ALMA_LINUX_ALSA-2021-2566.NASL", "CENTOS8_RHSA-2021-0696.NASL", "CENTOS8_RHSA-2021-2566.NASL", "DEBIAN_DSA-4867.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1714.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1741.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1794.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1875.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1900.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1927.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1948.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2001.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2027.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2082.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2126.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2376.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2868.NASL", "GENTOO_GLSA-202104-05.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2021-0097_GRUB2.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2021-0133_GRUB2.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2021-0182_GRUB2.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-462.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-0696.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-0699.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9076.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9077.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-1_0-0376_GRUB2.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-2_0-0334_GRUB2.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-3_0-0202_GRUB2.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-4_0-0001_GRUB2.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0696.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0697.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0698.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0699.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0700.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0701.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0702.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0703.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0704.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-1734.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-2566.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-2790.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3675.NASL", "ROCKY_LINUX_RLSA-2021-1734.NASL", "ROCKY_LINUX_RLSA-2021-2566.NASL", "SL_20210303_GRUB2_ON_SL7_X.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0679-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0681-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0682-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0683-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0684-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0685-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-14659-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-4992-1.NASL", "WINDOWS_UEFI_BOOTHOLE.NBIN"]}, {"type": "oraclelinux", "idList": ["ELSA-2021-0696", "ELSA-2021-0699", "ELSA-2021-9076", "ELSA-2021-9077"]}, {"type": "osv", "idList": ["OSV:CVE-2020-25632", "OSV:DSA-4867-1"]}, {"type": "photon", "idList": ["PHSA-2021-0001", "PHSA-2021-0202", "PHSA-2021-0334", "PHSA-2021-0376", "PHSA-2021-1.0-0376", "PHSA-2021-2.0-0334", "PHSA-2021-3.0-0202", "PHSA-2021-4.0-0001"]}, {"type": "prion", "idList": ["PRION:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "redhat", "idList": ["RHSA-2021:0696", "RHSA-2021:0697", "RHSA-2021:0698", "RHSA-2021:0699", "RHSA-2021:0700", "RHSA-2021:0701", "RHSA-2021:0702", "RHSA-2021:0703", "RHSA-2021:0704", "RHSA-2021:0980", "RHSA-2021:1734", "RHSA-2021:2566", "RHSA-2021:2790", "RHSA-2021:3675"]}, {"type": "redhatcve", "idList": ["RH:CVE-2020-14372", "RH:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "redos", "idList": ["ROS-20220920-01"]}, {"type": "rocky", "idList": ["RLSA-2021:1734", "RLSA-2021:2566"]}, {"type": "rosalinux", "idList": ["ROSA-SA-2021-1849"]}, {"type": "suse", "idList": ["OPENSUSE-SU-2021:0462-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntu", "idList": ["USN-4992-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntucve", "idList": ["UB:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "veracode", "idList": ["VERACODE:29555"]}]}, "score": {"value": 8.2, "uncertanity": 0.1, "vector": "NONE"}, "twitter": {"counter": 9, "tweets": [{"link": "https://twitter.com/GrupoICA_Ciber/status/1369934875810222080", "text": "REDHAT\nM\u00faltiples vulnerabilidades de severidad alta en productos REDHAT: \n\nCVE-2021-20233,CVE-2020-25632,CVE-2021-3404,CVE-2021-3403,CVE-2020-25647\n\nM\u00e1s info en: https://t.co/sk4j9cYLBj?amp=1\n/hashtag/ciberseguridad?src=hashtag_click /hashtag/grupoica?src=hashtag_click /hashtag/redhat?src=hashtag_click"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/www_sesin_at/status/1370199318091722756", "text": "New post from https://t.co/9KYxtdZjkl?amp=1 (CVE-2020-25632 (enterprise_linux, enterprise_linux_server_aus, enterprise_linux_server_eus, enterprise_linux_server_tus, enterprise_linux_workstation, fedora, grub2)) has been published on https://t.co/7Wh0J56wEK?amp=1"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/GrupoICA_Ciber/status/1385865482490765316", "text": "REDHAT\nM\u00faltiples vulnerabilidades de severidad alta en productos REDHAT: \n\nCVE-2021-20233,CVE-2021-20232,CVE-2021-20231,CVE-2020-27779,CVE-2020-25632,CVE-2020-14372,CVE-2020-25647\n\nM\u00e1s info en: https://t.co/aMjzuwmvFF?amp=1\n/hashtag/ciberseguridad?src=hashtag_click /hashtag/grupoica?src=hashtag_click /hashtag/redhat?src=hashtag_click"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/WolfgangSesin/status/1370199300102356994", "text": "New post from https://t.co/uXvPWJy6tj?amp=1 (CVE-2020-25632 (enterprise_linux, enterprise_linux_server_aus, enterprise_linux_server_eus, enterprise_linux_server_tus, enterprise_linux_workstation, fedora, grub2)) has been published on https://t.co/caDgElImJi?amp=1"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/threatintelctr/status/1369749778779803659", "text": " NEW: CVE-2020-25632 A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency without checking if any other dependent module is still lo... (click for more) Severity: HIGH https://t.co/FQSbnWSui5?amp=1"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/VulmonFeeds/status/1404575173718728704", "text": "CVE-2020-25632\n\nA flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency without checking if any other dependent module is still loaded lea...\n\nhttps://t.co/QtLnl3Yy7R?amp=1"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/www_sesin_at/status/1525269823873335297", "text": "New post from https://t.co/9KYxtdZjkl (CVE-2020-25632 (enterprise_linux, enterprise_linux_server_aus, enterprise_linux_server_eus, enterprise_linux_server_tus, enterprise_linux_workstation, fedora, grub2, ...) has been published on https://t.co/PbSs5oOJA6", "author": "www_sesin_at", "author_photo": "https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/958100963822329858/fb_N8h5n_400x400.jpg"}, {"link": "https://twitter.com/WolfgangSesin/status/1525269822623436801", "text": "New post from https://t.co/uXvPWJy6tj (CVE-2020-25632 (enterprise_linux, enterprise_linux_server_aus, enterprise_linux_server_eus, enterprise_linux_server_tus, enterprise_linux_workstation, fedora, grub2, ...) has been published on https://t.co/pD2pA2r0q7", "author": "WolfgangSesin", "author_photo": "https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/957011635369054208/Om3jbj7z_400x400.jpg"}]}, "backreferences": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2021:0696", "ALSA-2021:1734", "ALSA-2021:2566"]}, {"type": "amazon", "idList": ["ALAS2-2021-1684"]}, {"type": "archlinux", "idList": ["ASA-202106-43"]}, {"type": "debian", "idList": ["DEBIAN:DSA-4867-1:C31EC"]}, {"type": "debiancve", "idList": ["DEBIANCVE:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "fedora", "idList": ["FEDORA:0311A304C5D2", "FEDORA:2C805304C743", "FEDORA:482AD312AD6B", "FEDORA:5DC52306C90A", "FEDORA:D12B9304C743", "FEDORA:E96CA304C35D"]}, {"type": "gentoo", "idList": ["GLSA-202104-05"]}, {"type": "hp", "idList": ["HP:C06707446"]}, {"type": "ibm", "idList": ["B80D2752DA6D220C15B399D294DC83B951CF616E39EF752AB12C0553D569D418"]}, {"type": "mscve", "idList": ["MS:ADV200011"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["AL2_ALAS-2021-1684.NASL", "CENTOS8_RHSA-2021-0696.NASL", "DEBIAN_DSA-4867.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1714.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1741.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1794.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1927.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-1948.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2126.NASL", "GENTOO_GLSA-202104-05.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9076.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9077.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-1_0-0376_GRUB2.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-2_0-0334_GRUB2.NASL", "PHOTONOS_PHSA-2021-3_0-0202_GRUB2.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0696.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0697.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0698.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0699.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0700.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0701.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0702.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0703.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-0704.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-2790.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3675.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0679-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0681-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0682-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0683-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0684-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-0685-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-14659-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-4992-1.NASL", "WINDOWS_UEFI_BOOTHOLE.NBIN"]}, {"type": "oraclelinux", "idList": ["ELSA-2021-0699", "ELSA-2021-9076", "ELSA-2021-9077"]}, {"type": "photon", "idList": ["PHSA-2021-1.0-0376", "PHSA-2021-2.0-0334", "PHSA-2021-3.0-0202", "PHSA-2021-4.0-0001"]}, {"type": "redhat", "idList": ["RHSA-2021:3675"]}, {"type": "redhatcve", "idList": ["RH:CVE-2020-14372", "RH:CVE-2020-25632"]}, {"type": "suse", "idList": ["OPENSUSE-SU-2021:0462-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntu", "idList": ["USN-4992-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntucve", "idList": ["UB:CVE-2020-25632"]}]}, "exploitation": null, "epss": [{"cve": "CVE-2020-25632", "epss": 0.00042, "percentile": 0.05667, "modified": "2023-05-07"}], "short_description": "Flaw in grub2 allows arbitrary code execution, bypass Secure Boo", "tags": ["grub2", "vulnerability", "arbitrary code execution", "secure boot", "cve-2020-25632", "nvd"], "vulnersScore": 8.2}, "_state": {"dependencies": 1701536082, "score": 1701533623, "twitter": 0, "affected_software_major_version": 0, "epss": 0, "chatgpt": 0}, "_internal": {"score_hash": 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The rmmod\nimplementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency\nwithout checking if any other dependent module is still loaded leading to a\nuse-after-free scenario. This could allow arbitrary code to be executed or\na bypass of Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this\nvulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system\navailability.\n\n#### Notes\n\nAuthor| Note \n---|--- \n[alexmurray](<https://launchpad.net/~alexmurray>) | CVE title: \"grub2: use-after-free in rmmod command\" \n[sbeattie](<https://launchpad.net/~sbeattie>) | grub2-unsigned will contain fixes and supersede grub2, which will contain only BIOS grub bits.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.5, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.2, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-03-02T00:00:00", "type": "ubuntucve", "title": "CVE-2020-25632", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-25632"], "modified": "2021-03-02T00:00:00", "id": "UB:CVE-2020-25632", "href": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2020-25632", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "prion": [{"lastseen": "2023-11-22T01:31:00", "description": "A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. 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quoted single quote will require 3 characters, while it actually requires 4 characters which allows an attacker to corrupt memory by one byte for each quote in the input. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.(CVE-2021-20233)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06.\n The option parser allows an attacker to write past the end of a heap-allocated buffer by calling certain commands with a large number of specific short forms of options. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.(CVE-2021-20225)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06.\n The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency without checking if any other dependent module is still loaded leading to a use-after-free scenario. This could allow arbitrary code to be executed or a bypass of Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.(CVE-2020-25632)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06, where it incorrectly enables the usage of the ACPI command when Secure Boot is enabled. This flaw allows an attacker with privileged access to craft a Secondary System Description Table (SSDT) containing code to overwrite the Linux kernel lockdown variable content directly into memory. The table is further loaded and executed by the kernel, defeating its Secure Boot lockdown and allowing the attacker to load unsigned code. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity, as well as system availability.(CVE-2020-14372)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06.\n During USB device initialization, descriptors are read with very little bounds checking and assumes the USB device is providing sane values. If properly exploited, an attacker could trigger memory corruption leading to arbitrary code execution allowing a bypass of the Secure Boot mechanism. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.(CVE-2020-25647)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06.\n Variable names present are expanded in the supplied command line into their corresponding variable contents, using a 1kB stack buffer for temporary storage, without sufficient bounds checking. If the function is called with a command line that references a variable with a sufficiently large payload, it is possible to overflow the stack buffer, corrupt the stack frame and control execution which could also circumvent Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.(CVE-2020-27749)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06.\n The cutmem command does not honor secure boot locking allowing an privileged attacker to remove address ranges from memory creating an opportunity to circumvent SecureBoot protections after proper triage about grub's memory layout. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.(CVE-2020-27779)\n\nNote that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. 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security_report_v4(\n port : 0,\n severity : SECURITY_HOLE,\n extra : extra\n );\n exit(0);\n}\nelse\n{\n var tested = pkg_tests_get();\n if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);\n else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'grub2 / grub2-common / grub2-efi-aa64-modules / grub2-efi-ia32 / etc');\n}\n", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-11-28T15:43:58", "description": "The remote NewStart CGSL host, running version CORE 5.04 / MAIN 5.04, has grub2 packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities:\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06, where it incorrectly enables the usage of the ACPI command when Secure Boot is enabled. This flaw allows an attacker with privileged access to craft a Secondary System Description Table (SSDT) containing code to overwrite the Linux kernel lockdown variable content directly into memory. The table is further loaded and executed by the kernel, defeating its Secure Boot lockdown and allowing the attacker to load unsigned code. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity, as well as system availability. (CVE-2020-14372)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency without checking if any other dependent module is still loaded leading to a use-after-free scenario. This could allow arbitrary code to be executed or a bypass of Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability. (CVE-2020-25632)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. During USB device initialization, descriptors are read with very little bounds checking and assumes the USB device is providing sane values. If properly exploited, an attacker could trigger memory corruption leading to arbitrary code execution allowing a bypass of the Secure Boot mechanism. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability. (CVE-2020-25647)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. Variable names present are expanded in the supplied command line into their corresponding variable contents, using a 1kB stack buffer for temporary storage, without sufficient bounds checking. If the function is called with a command line that references a variable with a sufficiently large payload, it is possible to overflow the stack buffer, corrupt the stack frame and control execution which could also circumvent Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.\n (CVE-2020-27749)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The cutmem command does not honor secure boot locking allowing an privileged attacker to remove address ranges from memory creating an opportunity to circumvent SecureBoot protections after proper triage about grub's memory layout. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability. (CVE-2020-27779)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The option parser allows an attacker to write past the end of a heap-allocated buffer by calling certain commands with a large number of specific short forms of options. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability. (CVE-2021-20225)\n\n - A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. 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