ID CVE-2019-10978 Type cve Reporter cve@mitre.org Modified 2019-10-09T23:45:00
Description
Red Lion Controls Crimson, version 3.0 and prior and version 3.1 prior to release 3112.00, allow multiple vulnerabilities to be exploited when a valid user opens a specially crafted, malicious input file that operates outside of the designated memory area.
{"zdi": [{"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:39:51", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of CD31 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-796", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-796/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD31 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:41:04", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of CD3 files. When parsing the file, the process does not properly validate the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-784", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-784/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD3 Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:41:10", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of CD31 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-795", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-795/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD31 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:42:09", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CD31 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-793", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-793/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD31 File Parsing Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:42:25", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of CD31 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-790", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-790/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD31 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:41:29", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of CD31 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-792", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-792/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD31 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-06-22T11:41:34", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Red Lion Crimson. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of CD31 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process.", "edition": 1, "modified": "2019-06-22T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ZDI-19-794", "href": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-794/", "title": "Red Lion Crimson CD31 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability", "type": "zdi", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "ics": [{"lastseen": "2020-12-18T03:22:39", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-10996", "CVE-2019-10984", "CVE-2019-10990", "CVE-2019-10978"], "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 7.8**\n * **ATTENTION:** Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit\n * **Vendor:** Red Lion Controls\n * **Equipment:** Crimson (Windows configuration software)\n * **Vulnerabilities:** Use After Free, Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer, Pointer Issues, Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key\n\n## 2\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nSuccessful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to execute code, crash the device, or view protected data.\n\n## 3\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following versions of Crimson, windows configuration software, are affected:\n\n * Crimson Versions 3.0 and prior\n * Crimson Versions 3.1 prior to release 3112.00\n\n### 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 3.2.1 [USE AFTER FREE CWE-416](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/416.html>)\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities can be exploited when a valid user opens a specially crafted, malicious input file that can reference memory after it has been freed.\n\n[CVE-2019-10996](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2019-10996>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H>)).\n\n#### 3.2.2 [IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER CWE-119](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/119.html>)\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities can be exploited when a valid user opens a specially crafted, malicious input file that operates outside of the designated memory area.\n\n[CVE-2019-10978](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2019-10978>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.3 [POINTER ISSUES CWE-465](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/465.html>)\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities can be exploited when a valid user opens a specially crafted, malicious input file that causes the program to mishandle pointers.\n\n[CVE-2019-10984](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2019-10984>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H>)).\n\n#### 3.2.4 [USE OF HARD-CODED CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY CWE-321](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/321.html>)\n\nCrimson uses a hard-coded password to encrypt protected files in transit and at rest, which may allow an attacker to access configuration files.\n\n[CVE-2019-10990](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2019-10990>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n### 3.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Critical Manufacturing\n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED:** Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:** United States\n\n### 3.4 RESEARCHER\n\nMichael DePlante, Anthony Fuller, and Todd Manning of Trend Micro\u2019s Zero Day Initiative reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.\n\n## 4\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nRed Lion Controls recommends users migrate to Crimson 3.1 release 3112.00 or later where the model choice allows. Updated software can be found at the following link:\n\n<https://www.redlion.net/red-lion-software/crimson>\n\nThe use of a hardcoded key vulnerability (CVE-2019-10990) can be mitigated in two ways:\n\n * The user manual for Crimson 3.1 release 3112.00 now includes a paragraph describing the intended use of the database protection mechanism, noting the software is not designed to provide a cryptographically secure method of database protection.\n * In a later release, targeted for September 2019, Red Lion Controls will modify the existing database protection scheme to include an option for a second file access password designed to encrypt the file.\n\nFor more information, Red Lion Controls has released a security bulletin that can be found at the following link:\n\n<https://support.redlion.net/hc/en-us/articles/360033077531>\n\nCISA recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:\n\n * Restrict system access to authorized personnel only and follow a least privilege approach.\n * Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages. \n * Refer to [Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams](<https://www.us-cert.gov/reading_room/emailscams_0905.pdf>) for more information on avoiding email scams. \n * Refer to [Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks](<https://www.us-cert.gov/cas/tips/ST04-014.html>) for more information on social engineering attacks.\n\nCISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. \n \nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/recommended-practices>) on the ICS webpage on [us-cert.gov](<https://www.us-cert.gov/ics>). Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including [Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the [ICS webpage on us-cert.gov](<https://www.us-cert.gov/ics>) in the Technical Information Paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>). \n \nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.\n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://surveymonkey.com/r/G8STDRY?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-19-248-01>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "edition": 10, "modified": "2019-09-16T00:00:00", "published": "2019-09-05T00:00:00", "id": "ICSA-19-248-01", "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov//ics/advisories/icsa-19-248-01", "title": "Red Lion Controls Crimson", "type": "ics", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}]}
